Search results for "immunotherapy"

Immunszintigraphie und -therapie

2008

Immuntherapie des Kolorektalkarzinoms - aktueller Stand und Perspektiven

2006

The specific immunotherapy of colorectal cancer initially revealed promising results. However, a significant clinical benefit for patients has still to be proven in phase III trails. In order to compare the different clinical approaches and early phase I - II studies, there is an urgent need for the establishment and acceptance of new standardized diagnostic tools for detecting and quantifying induced and clinical relevant immune responses in patients. Whether or not subgroups with a certain genetic background, such as specific HLA alleles, reveal a better benefit from tumour vaccinations needs to be further analysed. Currently, only two specific antibodies, targeting membraneous receptors …

Optimizing Tumor-Reactive γδT Cells for Antibody-Based Cancer Immunotherapy

2010

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) constitute the most rapidly growing class of human therapeutics and the second largest class of drugs after vaccines. The treatment of B-cell malignancies and HER2/Neu+ breast cancer has benefited considerably from the use of therapeutic mAbs, either alone or in combination with standard chemotherapy. Frequent relapses, however, demonstrate that the bioactivity of these mAbs is still suboptimal. The concept of improving the anti-tumor activity of mAbs is well established and potentiating the cytotoxicity induced by anticancer mAbs can be achieved by strategies that target the downstream cytolytic effector cells. The recruitment of Fcγ receptor-dependent function…

Chemotherapy and immunomodulation: from immunogenic chemotherapies to novel therapeutic strategies.

2013

Importance of the inducible costimulator molecule for the induction of allergic immune responses and its decreased expression on T helper cells after…

2004

The inducible costimulator (ICOS), a newly identified member of the CD28 receptor family that is induced after T-cell activation, and its ligand (ICOSL), being expressed on activated monocytes and dendritic cells play a key role in T-cell-mediated immune responses. As ICOS costimulation also seems to regulate T helper 2 effector cells, the aim of this study was to analyse the function of this molecule in allergic immune responses and their specific therapy, mainly venom immunotherapy (VIT). CD4+ T cells from grass pollen-, or bee or wasp venom-allergic donors were stimulated in the presence of autologous mature dendritic cells, which were pulsed with different allergen doses. In this system…

Inflammation, Cytokines, Immune Response, Apolipoprotein E, Cholesterol, and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer Disease: Therapeutic Implications

2010

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a heterogeneous and progressive neurodegenerative disease, which in Western society mainly accounts for senile dementia. Today many countries have rising aging populations and are facing an increased prevalence of age-related diseases, such as AD, with increasing health-care costs. Understanding the pathophysiology process of AD plays a prominent role in new strategies for extending the health of the elderly population. Considering the future epidemic of AD, prevention and treatment are important goals of ongoing research. However, a better understanding of AD pathophysiology must be accomplished to make this objective feasible. In this paper, we review some hot to…

Mechanisms of resistance to autoimmune disease induced by T-cell vaccination.

1991

Many human autoimmune diseases tend to progress slowly. Phases of rapid progression may come to a halt and may be followed by transient or even permanent remissions. Autoimmune diseases in animals either arise spontaneously or are induced. The former tend to be slowly progressive, the latter mostly acute to subacute, and usually followed by spontaneous remissions. The mechanisms at work that prevent rapid disease progression and can effect remissions are poorly understood, but they may provide us with a clue both to natural self-tolerance and to the therapeutic induction of self-tolerance.

Cytokines in the pathophysiology and treatment of chronic B-cell malignancies

1995

Chronic B-cell malignancies are characterized by accumulation of transformed B cells of low proliferative index in lymphatic and extralymphatic tissues. Cytokines do not appear to play a role in the primary step of transformation. However, proliferation as well as inhibition of apoptosis of malignant B cells can readily be explained by cytokine effects. Clinical trials of interferons (IFN) and interleukin-2 alone or in combination have been performed in patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), CLL, and low- and intermediate-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. While IFN alpha became standard therapy of HCL, responses in other entities were variable, ranging from 0 to 70% in selected populations. C…

Temsirolimus in Combination with Bendamustine and Rituximab (BeRT) for the Treatment of Relapsed Mantle Cell and Follicular Lymphoma: Final Phase I/I…

2016

Abstract Background: mTOR inhibition has been shown to be effective in various subtypes of malignant lymphomas (Smith et al, JCO 2010). Furthermore, in relapsed MCL a phase III trial demonstrated superiority of Temsirolimus to chemotherapy. Although novel treatment options as Ibrutinib have changed the treatment landscape for MCL, no curative potential could be shown for this approach and novel concepts continue to be needed. Several trials provided promising results when Temsirolimus is combined with agents like Rituximab (Ansell et al, Lancet Oncology 2011) or chemoimmunotherapy, as shown in part I (phase I) of the reported trial (Hess, Leukemia, 2015). We now report the final analysis of…

<p>Silica Nanocapsules with Different Sizes and Physicochemical Properties as Suitable Nanocarriers for Uptake in T-Cells</p>

2020

Introduction Adoptive T-cell immunotherapy emerged as a powerful and promising cancer therapy, as the problem regarding the immuno-reaction between different donors and recipients can be avoided. However, this approach is challenging. After long cultivation and expansion under laboratory media conditions, T-cells are losing their viability and function due to immune checkpoint proteins, leading to decreased efficiency in killing cancer cells. Therefore, a new strategy to improve T-cell survival and function is needed. With the advantages of nanotechnology and the biocompatibility of silica-based material, silica nanocapsules (SiNCs) provide an ideal delivery system to transport therapeutic …