Search results for "imulation"

Organizing for collaboration in simulation-based environments : an affordance perspective

2023

Extant research has identified the significance of technological affordances in computer-supported learning environments. However, until recently, there is scarcely empirical research on affordances for organizing collaboration in these learning environments. To address this gap, this study empirically examines affordances for organizing collaboration in a simulation-based learning environment. We focus, in particular on understanding how the organizing affordances of the learning environment are perceived and employed by the learners during a simulation-based learning task. The study was executed among 177 undergraduate higher education (HE) business students from 10 universities in Belgiu…

Refined instability estimates for some inverse problems

2022

Many inverse problems are known to be ill-posed. The ill-posedness can be manifested by an instability estimate of exponential type, first derived by Mandache [29]. In this work, based on Mandache's idea, we refine the instability estimates for two inverse problems, including the inverse inclusion problem and the inverse scattering problem. Our aim is to derive explicitly the dependence of the instability estimates on key parameters. The first result of this work is to show how the instability depends on the depth of the hidden inclusion and the conductivity of the background medium. This work can be regarded as a counterpart of the depth-dependent and conductivity-dependent stability estim…

Shape optimization utilizing consistent sensitivities

2010

Neurophysiological Changes After Paired Brain and Spinal Cord Stimulation Coupled With Locomotor Training in Human Spinal Cord Injury

2021

Neurophysiological changes that involve activity-dependent neuroplasticity mechanisms via repeated stimulation and locomotor training are not commonly employed in research even though combination of interventions is a common clinical practice. In this randomized clinical trial, we established neurophysiological changes when transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex was paired with transcutaneous thoracolumbar spinal (transspinal) stimulation in human spinal cord injury (SCI) delivered during locomotor training. We hypothesized that TMS delivered before transspinal (TMS-transspinal) stimulation promotes functional reorganization of spinal networks during stepping. In this p…

The effects of motor imagery and Paired associative stimulation on cortical excitability

2009

ABSTRACT Kumpulainen, Susanne 2009. The effect of PAS and motor imagery on the excitability of the motor cortex. Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä. Master’s theses of biomechanics. 41 pages. The plasticity of the brain is an increasingly important topic for physical therapists interested in (re)learning and repair following injury. A number of potential endogenous and exogenous protocols have been developed with the improved understanding of the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. The purpose of this study was twofold: First, the effect of motor imagery of plantarflexion on motor cortex excitability was investigated since it has been shown that motor imagery…

Modulation of plasticity of the soleus area of the motor cortex using paired associative stimulation

2015

Paired associative stimulation (PAS) repeatedly combines single somatosensory nerve stimuli with single transcranial magnetic stimuli to induce bidirectional changes in the excitability of the cortical projections to the target muscle. PAS and motor training have been shown to share common neural mechanisms, suggesting that PAS tests functionally relevant neuronal circuits. While PAS has been used extensively to target the hand area of the motor cortex, few studies have targeted the leg area of the motor cortex. The optimal interstimulus inter- val (ISI) to induce plasticity in the cortical projections to lower limbs is still not well established. Thus, the first purpose of this thesis was …

The effect of paired associative stimulation-induced long-term potentiation-like plasticity on visuomotor learning

2014

Aivojen hermostollisissa rakenteissa ja toiminnassa tapahtuu adaptaatiota motorisen oppimisen seurauksena. Eräs ehdotetuista malleista, johon muutokset voivat perustua on hermoliitoksen voimakkuuden pitkäaikainen tehostuminen eli pitkäkestoinen potentiaa-tio (LTP). Keinotekoisesti LTP:n kaltainen vaikutus voidaan tuottaa parillisella as-sosiatiivisella stimulaatiolla (PAS). Lisäksi tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että PAS voi parantaa tietyn tyyppistä motorista oppimista. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on sel-vittää miten PAS:n tuottama LTP:n kaltainen plastisuus vaikuttaa visuomotorisen oppi-misen alkuvaiheeseen. Visuomotorinen oppimistehtävä suoritettiin kolme kertaa PAS:n jälkeen. Oppimist…

The Palliative Care in the Metastatic Spinal Tumors. A Systematic Review on the Radiotherapy and Surgical Perspective

2022

Spine represents the most common site for metastatic disease involvement. Due to the close relationship between the spinal cord and critical structures, therapeutic management of spinal metastases remains challenging. Spinal localization can lead to neurological sequelae, which can significantly affect the quality of life in patients with a limited life expectancy. The authors conducted a systematic literature review according to PRISMA guidelines in order to determine the impact of the most updated palliative care on spinal metastases. The initial literature search retrieved 2526 articles, manually screened based on detailed exclusion criteria. Finally, 65 studies met the inclusion criteri…

Collision Avoidance with Potential Fields Based on Parallel Processing of 3D-Point Cloud Data on the GPU

2014

In this paper we present an experimental study on real-time collision avoidance with potential fields that are based on 3D point cloud data and processed on the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). The virtual forces from the potential fields serve two purposes. First, they are used for changing the reference trajectory. Second they are projected to and applied on torque control level for generating according nullspace behavior together with a Cartesian impedance main control loop. The GPU algorithm creates a map representation that is quickly accessible. In addition, outliers and the robot structure are efficiently removed from the data, and the resolution of the representation can be easily ad…

Transition 8: 800-1200. Emergence of enduring, concentrated and hierarchised settlement patterns in rural regions of North-Western Europe

2021

Chapter 11 : https://books.openedition.org/pufr/19927; International audience