Search results for "in situ hybridization"
showing 10 items of 508 documents
Group-specific quantification of methanotrophs in landfill gas-purged laboratory biofilters by tyramide signal amplification-fluorescence in situ hyb…
2008
The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyse methanotrophs in two laboratory landfill biofilters at different biofilter depths and at temperatures which mimicked the boreal climatic conditions. Both biofilters were dominated by type I methanotrophs. The biofilter depth profiles showed that type I methanotrophs occurred in the upper layer, where relatively high O(2) and low CH(4) concentrations were present, whereas type II methanotrophs were mostly distributed in the zone with high CH(4) and low O(2) concentrations. The number of type I methanotrophic cells declined when the temperature was raised from 15 degrees C to 23 degrees C, but increased when lowered to 5 degrees C. A slight …
Selective growth-inhibitory effect of 8-hydroxyquinoline towards Clostridium difficile and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum in co-culture analyse…
2014
The major risk factor for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the use of antibiotics owing to the disruption of the equilibrium of the host gut microbiota. To preserve the beneficial resident probiotic bacteria during infection treatment, the use of molecules with selective antibacterial activity enhances the efficacy by selectively removing C. difficile. One of them is the plant alkaloid 8-hydroxyquinoline (8HQ), which has been shown to selectively inhibit clostridia without repressing bifidobacteria. Selective antimicrobial activity is generally tested by culture techniques of individual bacterial strains. However, the main limitation of these techniques is the inability to describe …
Characterization of a complex rearrangement involving chromosomes 1, 4 and 8 by fish and array-CGH
2012
Complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are structural aberrations involving more than two chromosomes with at least three breakpoints. CCRs can be divided into familial and de novo. Balanced CCR are extremely rare in humans and are at high risk of producing unbalanced gametes. Individuals with balanced CCR are usually phenotipically normal but report fertility problems, recurrent miscarriages or congenital anomalies in newborn offsprings as consequence of either meiotic failure or imbalanced chromosomes segregation.We describe the case of an unbalanced CCR involving chromosomes 1, 4 and 8 found in a girl with developmental delay, hexadactilia and microcephaly. The rearrangement, apparent…
Confocal technology in fluorescence in situ hybridization evaluation for cancer: a diagnostic improvement.
2013
During the cancer routine diagnosis course, we commonly use fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. FISH studies are conducted for genes amplification analyses (ErBb2/Neu) and also for genes translocation studies such as CMYC, BCL6, or BCL2. Usually, FISH evaluation is carried out with fluorescence microscopy and photographed with sensitive cameras. An alternative technology to the fluorescence microscopy is using the confocal microscopy for the evaluation of these samples. Some advantages of confocal microscopy are as follows: First, the use of a laser and pinhole instead of using 511983 IJSXXX10.1177/1066896913511983International Journal of Surgical PathologyCampos et al. res…
145 Multifunction Role of Osteonectin/SPARC during Human embryonic and Feta Development
1991
The temporal and spatial distribution of osteonectin/SPARC was investigated during different stages of human development by in situ hybridization and histochemistry Specific mRNA was associated with(a) tissues exhibiting high rates of matrix production (skin, vessels, tendons fetal mesenchyme), (b) cells involved in the process of mineralization (osteoblasts, chondrocytes, odontoblasts), (c)production of basement membranes (glomeruli and (d) steroid synthesis (adrenal gland, Leydig cells) In the growth plate, expression was found in the upper hypertrophic and proliferative but not in the mineralized zone. Histochemistry detected osteonectin extra-cellularly in mineralized tissues, whereas o…
Segment polarity and DV patterning gene expression reveals segmental organization of theDrosophilabrain
2003
The insect brain is traditionally subdivided into the trito-, deuto- and protocerebrum. However, both the neuromeric status and the course of the borders between these regions are unclear. The Drosophila embryonic brain develops from the procephalic neurogenic region of the ectoderm, which gives rise to a bilaterally symmetrical array of about 100 neuronal precursor cells, called neuroblasts. Based on a detailed description of the spatiotemporal development of the entire population of embryonic brain neuroblasts, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of the expression of segment polarity genes (engrailed, wingless, hedgehog, gooseberry distal,mirror) and DV patterning genes (muscle segmen…
Metallothionein Gene Family in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus: Gene Structure, Differential Expression and Phylogenetic Analysis
2017
Metallothioneins (MT) are small and cysteine-rich proteins that bind metal ions such as zinc, copper, cadmium, and nickel. In order to shed some light on MT gene structure and evolution, we cloned seven Paracentrotus lividus MT genes, comparing them to Echinodermata and Chordata genes. Moreover, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of 32 MTs from different classes of echinoderms and 13 MTs from the most ancient chordates, highlighting the relationships between them. Since MTs have multiple roles in the cells, we performed RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization experiments to understand better MT functions in sea urchin embryos. Results showed that the expression of MTs is regulated throughout de…
Activation of EDTA-resistant Gelatinases in Malignant Human Tumors
2006
Abstract Among the many proteases associated with human cancer, seprase or fibroblast activation protein α, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein, has two types of EDTA-resistant protease activities: dipeptidyl peptidase and a 170-kDa gelatinase activity. To test if activation of gelatinases associated with seprase could be involved in malignant tumors, we used a mammalian expression system to generate a soluble recombinant seprase (r-seprase). In the presence of putative EDTA-sensitive activators, r-seprase was converted into 70- to 50-kDa shortened forms of seprase (s-seprase), which exhibited a 7-fold increase in gelatinase activity, whereas levels of dipeptidyl peptidase activity remaine…
Complex evolution of tandem-repetitive DNA in the Chironomus thummi species group.
1997
The subspecies Chironomus thummi thummi and C. t. piger display dramatic differences in the copy number and chromosomal localization of a tandemly repeated DNA family (Cla elements). In order to analyze the evolutionary dynamics of this repeat family, we studied the organization of Cla elements in the related outgroup species C. luridus. We find three different patterns of Cla element organization in C. luridus, showing that Cla elements may be either strictly tandem-repetitive or be an integral part of two higher-order tandem repeats (i.e., Hinf[lur] elements, Sal[lur] elements). All three types of Cla-related repeats are localized in the centromeres of C. luridus chromosomes. This suggest…
The Striking Case of Tryptophan Provision in the Cedar Aphid Cinara cedri
2008
ABSTRACT Buchnera aphidicola BCc has lost its symbiotic role as the tryptophan supplier to the aphid Cinara cedri . We report the presence of a plasmid in this endosymbiont that contains the trpEG genes. The remaining genes for the pathway ( trpDCBA ) are located on the chromosome of the secondary endosymbiont “ Candidatus Serratia symbiotica.” Thus, we propose that a symbiotic consortium is necessary to provide tryptophan.