Search results for "individual"

showing 10 items of 1227 documents

Do Transgender People Respond According to Their Biological Sex or Their Gender Identity When Confronted With Romantic Rivals?

2019

This study examined the hypothesis that gender identity and biological sex represent independent modules and that transgender individuals respond to romantic rivals in line with their gender identity and not with their biological sex. Additionally, associations of jealousy with intrasexual competitiveness (ISC) and social comparison orientation (SCO) were explored. A total of 134 male-to-female and 94 female-to-male transgender individuals from Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina, responded to a questionnaire. In line with the predictions, female-to-male transgender individuals experienced more jealousy than male-to-female transgender individuals in response to a physically dominant rival, whe…

AdultMalesex differencesCompetitive BehaviorSocial comparison orientationAdolescentSocial PsychologyTransgender peopleSexual Behaviormedia_common.quotation_subjectlcsh:BF1-990JealousyArgentina050109 social psychologyCOMPETITIONrival characteristicsPREFERENCESTransgender PersonsINDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES050105 experimental psychologyYoung AdultBehavioral Neurosciencejealousysocial comparisonTransgenderintrasexual competitivenessHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSCALEmedia_commonSocial comparison theorySex CharacteristicsGender identity05 social sciencesGender IdentityGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedBiological sexRomancetransgenderlcsh:PsychologySocial PerceptionFemaleORIENTATIONPsychologySocial psychology
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Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation

2015

Open Access Published: 04 November 2015 Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation Pieter van den Berg, Lucas Molleman, Jaakko Junikka, Mikael Puurtinen & Franz J. Weissing Scientific Reports volume 5, Article number: 16144 (2015) Cite this article 383 Accesses 4 Citations 6 Altmetric Metricsdetails Abstract Many experiments on human cooperation have revealed that individuals differ systematically in their tendency to cooperate with others. It has also been shown that individuals condition their behaviour on the overall cooperation level of their peers. Yet, little is known about how individuals respond to heterogeneity in cooperativeness in their neighbourhood. Here, we presen…

AdultMaleta520genetic structuresPREFERENCESBioinformaticsINDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCESArticleYoung AdultGame Theorypublic goods gamePublic goods gameHumansMedicineCooperative BehaviorNeighbourhood (mathematics)cooperation tendencyMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryCooperativenesshuman cooperationPrisoner's dilemmaPublic goodPERSONALITY-DIFFERENCESEVOLUTIONSOCIAL VALUE ORIENTATIONVariation (linguistics)Group selectionGROUP SELECTIONCooperation Heterogeneity Public goods Behavioural experimentANIMAL PERSONALITIESheterogeneous behaviourPRISONERS-DILEMMAta1181FemaleHUMAN ALTRUISMbusinessSocial psychologyGame theoryBEHAVIOR
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Survey of Spanish dentists on the prescription of antibiotics and antiseptics in surgery for impacted lower third molars

2015

Background: This study explored the attitude of registered dentists in Biscay towards prescribing antibiotics and/ or antiseptics to prevent potential infections after surgical extraction of completely bone-impacted third molars in otherwise healthy individuals, with no history of infection. Material and Methods: We sent letters to 931 registered dentists in Biscay, with an explanation of the study objectives, description of a case of lower third molar impaction, including a panoramic radiograph, and a questionnaire. The questionnaire asked whether they would prescribe antibiotics and/or antiseptics, in the hypothetical case of lower third molar extraction surgery presented, and if so, when…

AdultMolarmedicine.medical_specialtyAttitude of Health Personnelmedicine.drug_classAntibioticsAlternative medicineDentistryOdontologíaDrug Prescriptions03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesSurgical extractionmedicineHumansPractice Patterns Physicians'Antibiotic prophylaxisMedical prescriptionGeneral DentistryAgedbusiness.industryPractice patternsResearchTooth Impacted030206 dentistryAntibiotic ProphylaxisMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludAnti-Bacterial AgentsOtorhinolaryngologySpainDentistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHealthy individualsTooth ExtractionUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASAnti-Infective Agents LocalMolar ThirdSurgeryOral Surgerybusiness
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Association of the Individual and Context Inequalities on the Breastfeeding: A Study from the Sicily Region

2019

Despite the advantages of breastfeeding being widely recognized, the economic level can have an influence on breastfeeding rates, with rich women breastfeeding longer than poor in high-income countries. In Italy, socio-economic differences affect breastfeeding start and continuation among most deprived people, such as in Southern Italy. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of the initiation and continuation of exclusive breastfeeding and its association with the levels of socio-economic deprivation in Sicily. A prospective cohort study with a two-phase survey in three breastfeeding detection times was conducted. Overall, 1,055 mothers were recruited with a mean age of 3…

AdultMultivariate analysisAdolescentHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisBreastfeedingMotherslcsh:MedicineContext (language use)complementary breastfeedingWomen’s healthArticle03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicine030225 pediatricsindividual deprivationMedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineProspective Studiespredominant breastfeedingSocioeconomic statusSicilybusiness.industryIncidence (epidemiology)lcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOdds ratioExclusive breastfeedingMiddle AgedBreast FeedingSocioeconomic Factorscontext deprivationFemaleSouthern ItalybusinessBreast feedingDemographyCohort studyprospective studyInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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New Neandertal remains from Cova Negra (Valencia, Spain).

2005

New Neandertal fossils from the Mousterian site of Cova Negra in the Valencia region of Spain are described, and a comprehensive study of the entire human fossil sample is provided. The new specimens significantly augment the sample of human remains from this site and make Cova Negra one of the richest human paleontological sites on the Iberian Peninsula. The new specimens include cranial and postcranial elements from immature individuals and provide an opportunity to study the ontogenetic appearance of adult Neandertal characteristics in this Pleistocene population. Children younger than 10 years of age constitute four of the seven minimum number of individuals in the sample, and this rela…

AdultNeanderthalPleistoceneMinimum number of individualsAdolescentPopulationPostcraniaContext (language use)Bone and BonesAnthropology PhysicalPaleontologyPeninsulabiology.animalAnimalsHumansFemureducationChildEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicseducation.field_of_studygeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyFossilsSkullMousterianHominidaeArchaeologyRadiusGeographySpainAnthropologyChild PreschoolToothJournal of human evolution
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How is oral health education conducted in Finnish health centers?

1995

The oral health education (OHE) given in Finnish health centers is mostly implemented by dental assistants and hygienists. However, there is no exact information concerning the distribution of OHE work and the working methods among individual health educators. The aims of this study were to assess 1) the time used for OHE by the dental professionals who bear most of the responsibility for OHE in health centers, and to evaluate 2) the collaboration between OH-educators and the parents of schoolchildren, school personnel and the other health care personnel and 3) the sources of the OHE knowledge and skills of these OH-educators and their methods according to their work load. The data for this…

AdultParentsmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentTeaching MaterialsInterprofessional RelationsDentistsWorkloadDental AssistantsIndividual healthAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)NursingProfessional-Family RelationsHealth caremedicineHumansCooperative BehaviorChildGeneral DentistryFinlandSchoolsbusiness.industryOral health educationDental AssistantTeachingPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthMean agemedicine.diseaseDental personnelFamily medicineChild PreschoolHealth Education DentalHealth educationClinical CompetenceDental HygienistsHealth FacilitiesbusinessCommunity dentistry and oral epidemiology
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Main posterior watershed zone of the choroid

1989

The main posterior watershed zone of the choroid is located between the nasal edge of the optic disc and the fovea and represents the area situated between the territories supplied by the temporal and nasal posterior ciliary arteries. In the fluorescein angiographies of 800 normal subjects a watershed zone was not observed in 33.1% due to technical reasons and in 22.3% due to the simultaneous filling of the peripapillar and macular choriocapillaris. In the remaining 44.6% the watershed zone was well outlined: it was straddling the optic disc in about half of these cases and involved the temporal half of the optic disc and the close choroid in the other half. Very rarely the watershed zone i…

Adultgenetic structuresWatershed areaIndividualityGlaucomaReference ValuesPhysiology (medical)medicine.arterymedicineHumansFluorescein Angiographymedicine.diagnostic_testChoroidAnatomyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseFluorescein angiographyeye diseasesSensory SystemsCiliary arteriesVisual fieldOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureBlood VesselsAnterior ischemic optic neuropathysense organsChoroidGeologyOptic discDocumenta Ophthalmologica
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Comparison of high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Griess reagent-spectroscopic methods for the measurement of nitrate in serum from health…

2008

Bioavailability of NO can be estimated by measuring the concentration of nitrate (NO(3)) in serum. However, the methods used for the measurement NO(3) in plasma or serum show a great degree of variation. Therefore, we compared two analytical methods for the measurement of NO(3) in serum.The concentration of NO(3) in 600 serum samples collected from healthy individuals was determined by the HPLC and by the Griess reagent-spectroscopic method.The concentration of NO(3) in the samples was 29.4+/-16.1 micromol/L and 26.2+/-14.0 micromol/L (mean+/-SD) measured by HPLC and Griess reagent-spectroscopic method respectively (p0.0001). We detected a significant correlation between the two methods (R=…

Adultinorganic chemicalsAdolescentClinical BiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateGriess testSulfanilamidesHumansHplc methodReference standardsChromatography High Pressure LiquidAgedAged 80 and overNitratesChromatographySpectrum Analysisorganic chemicalsfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedReference StandardsEthylenediaminesSerum samplesBioavailabilitychemistryHealthy individualsClinical Biochemistry
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Activation-Induced Rigidity in Neurologically and Cognitively Healthy Individuals Aged 18-90 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study.

2021

Background: Rigidity is a key clinical feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but in a very early phase of the disease it may be absent and can be enhanced through active movements of the arm contralateral to the one being tested. Objective: To evaluate in a large cohort of neurologically and cognitively healthy (NCH) subjects aged 18–90 years if activation-induced rigidity (AR) is present in all age classes, and if there are biological differences between subjects showing AR (AR+) and not showing AR (AR-). Methods: 2,228 NCH subjects categorized as young adult (18–44 years), adult (45–64 years), elderly (65–74 years), and old/oldest-old (75–90 years) were included in the analysis, and underw…

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyParkinson's diseaseAdolescentCross-sectional studyAudiologylacunesProdromal phaseYoung AdultCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceLateral ventriclesCognitionAtrophyHumansMedicinehealthy aging subjectscaudate atrophyYoung adultAgedglobal cerebral atrophyAged 80 and overActivation-induced rigiditybusiness.industryBrainParkinson DiseaseMiddle Agedwhite matter hyperintensitiesmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingHyperintensityCross-Sectional StudiesHealthy individualsSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNeurology (clinical)Atrophybusiness
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Progestogens to prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancies:an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized trials

2012

Abstract Background Preterm birth is the principal factor contributing to adverse outcomes in multiple pregnancies. Randomized controlled trials of progestogens to prevent preterm birth in twin pregnancies have shown no clear benefits. However, individual studies have not had sufficient power to evaluate potential benefits in women at particular high risk of early delivery (for example, women with a previous preterm birth or short cervix) or to determine adverse effects for rare outcomes such as intrauterine death. Methods/design We propose an individual participant data meta-analysis of high quality randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of progestogen treatment in women with …

Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyReproductive medicine/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2729lcsh:Gynecology and obstetricslaw.inventionStudy ProtocolClinical ProtocolsRandomized controlled trialPregnancylawObstetrics and GynaecologymedicineHumansAdverse effectTwin Pregnancylcsh:RG1-991Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicPregnancyModels StatisticalObstetricsbusiness.industryIndividual participant dataInfant NewbornPregnancy OutcomeObstetrics and Gynecologymedicine.diseasePregnancy ComplicationsPremature birthMeta-analysisPregnancy TwinPremature BirthFemaleProgestinsbusiness
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