Search results for "individual"
showing 10 items of 1227 documents
La Base y el Origen Socio-cultural de las Psicoterapias Cognitivas
2017
Este trabajo, de corte teórico, tiene como finalidad principal rastrear las bases y el origen socio-cultural de las psicoterapias cognitivas. Para ello, el trabajo comienza describiendo, brevemente, los elementos principales del modelo cognitivo y señalando, a continuación, las relaciones entre psicoterapia y marco occidental. Seguidamente, se procede a una comparación en mayor detalle entre las psicoterapias cognitivas y su particular origen socio-cultural. Elementos clave que se resaltan y relacionan con las psicoterapias cognitivas son el individualismo, la búsqueda de control y autonomía, un self individual autolimitado, y la consecución del racionalismo. El desarrollo de estos apartad…
External knowledge sourcing in different national settings: a comparison of electronics establishments in Britain and France
2004
04001; International audience; In a detailed comparison of matched samples of electronics establishments in Britain and France, this paper finds that the two samples of establishments were operating in distinctively different national labour markets for engineers and scientists, reflecting structural differences in national higher education systems and a far higher level of individual mobility between enterprises in Britain than is found in France. These differences were found to have very little effect on quantitative measures of establishments' external research interactions which tended to reflect other national-institutional differences such as continued government support for public la…
Do Individual Effects Reflect Quantitative or Qualitative Differences in Cognition?
2021
Rouder and Haaf (2020) posed the important question if there are some individuals whose behavior is not in accordance with well-established experimental effects and whether these individual differences are quantitative or qualitative in nature. In our commentary, we discuss the distinction between quantitative and qualitative individual differences and between individual and average causal effects and come to the conclusion that this is not a new question, but in fact one that has already been discussed by Gordon W. Allport (1937) and Donald B. Rubin (1974, 1978). Moreover, we critically examine their proposed rule of thumb to collect about 100 trials per experimental condition to reliably …
Piero Sraffa on utility and the 'subjective method' in the 1920s: A tentative appraisal of Sraffa's unpublished manuscripts
2001
The paper reconstructs Sraffa's assessment of utility-based and individualistic explanations of demand in Marshallian economics in the light of some fresh evidence provided by Sraffa's unpublished manuscripts of the 1920s. It is shown that Sraffa criticised the standard Marshallian explanation of individual consumption choices, emphasised the independent measurement requirement in explanation, lacked enthusiasm for the heuristic potentialities of the 'subjective method' in economic theorising and strove for an analysis of the phenomena of interdependence in the sphere of production as well as in the sphere of consumption.
Beyond the eidetics of living beings: contingency, plasticity, individuality
2021
Saving living phenomena means saving their contingency, their plasticity, their individuality. A fruitful dialogue between metaphysics, phenomenology and morphology can be of help to investigate the ontological question of form, giving us the possibility to investigate the question of form and its epistemological significance providing a revision of that eidetic approach which instead is in danger of losing the sense of the continuous plastic morphogenesis of living beings.
Convergencia de medios y cambio social
2002
Publicación elaborada a partir de las transcripciones de las conferencias presentadas durante el "Congreso sobre Convergencia de Medios. Oportunidades para el acercamiento de Europa y América", que tuvo lugar en Madrid los días 13 y 14 de mayo de 2002.
How common are inclusive educational practices among Finnish teachers?
2017
Several instructional strategies have been recommended for use in heterogeneous classrooms, but the frequency of their actual use has remained largely unknown. Therefore, an electronic survey was sent to Finnish comprehensive school teachers (N = 2276) in order to assess the prevalence of three selected inclusive strategies: co-teaching, group work, and differentiation. The results showed that co-teaching was used by 42% and group work by 43% of the teachers at least on a weekly basis, while differentiation was used regularly by 83% of teachers. The application of all strategies was strongly associated with teacher category, with subject teachers using them less frequently than classroom te…
Assessment as a Possibility for Individual Learning and Success in Contextual Pedagogical Learning Environment
2015
One of the most significant current discussions in the field of education is the rapidly changing world around us. So far, however, there has been little discussion about teacher education and its role in this changing process. We are slowly moving from constructivist learning theory towards to sociocultural theory of learning where learning is according to Kumpulainen, Krokfors, Lipponen, Tissari, Hilppio and Rajala [1] viewed as a holistic and dynamic process, in which the individual grows into the culture of the community, its values, practices, and artifacts. The research project, introduced in this paper, focuses on transformational pedagogic and the questions of assessment in the lear…
Social comparison, coping and depression in people with spinal cord injury
2006
The present study among 70 people with spinal cord injury examined the prevalence and correlates of identification (seeing others as a potential future) and contrast (seeing others in competitive terms) in social comparison as related to coping and depression. The most prevalent social comparison strategy was downward contrast (a positive response to seeing others who were worse-off), followed by upward identification (a positive response to perceiving better-off others as a potential future), downward identification (a negative response to perceiving worse-off others as a potential future), and upward contrast (a negative response to seeing others who were better-off). Those with less seve…
Emotional user experience: Traits, events, and states☆
2015
Emotional experience has become an important topic in human-technology interaction research and design. Nevertheless, such research and design often lacks a proper explanatory basis and methodologically robust operationalisation. In this article, a conceptualisation of emotional user experience is formulated based on the appraisal theory of emotion, where the goal congruence of the interaction events and the task-independent individual traits are thought to underlie the user's emotional response. A laboratory study with N=50 participants conducting ordinary computer tasks is reported. The results suggest that subjective emotional experience depends on a number of factors relating to individ…