Search results for "inflammation"
showing 10 items of 2662 documents
Dietary Approaches and Supplements in the Prevention of Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer';s Disease
2016
Age-associated cognitive decline and dementia are conditions in which there is deterioration in memory, thinking, and behavior, with profound effects on the ability to perform everyday activities and well-being. Even if dementia mainly affects older persons, it is not a normal part of aging. Alzheimer's disease accounts for 60-75% of dementia cases. The number of persons affected will increase in the next decades in parallel with aging of the world population. Hence, unless some approach is found to reduce age-related deterioration of cognitive functions, health care costs will continue to rise exponentially. There is a wealth of epidemiological evidence supporting a relationship between di…
Anti-aging medicine: pitfalls and hopes
2009
Since the beginnings of time humans have searched for a fountain of youth. This has led to many extravagant claims which have been highly profitable for their proponents. This area has become known as anti-aging medicine and has deservedly been frowned upon by the medical establishment. On the other hand, in the last decades dramatic advances in our understanding of the aging process have come from studies in worms, flies and mice. This article reviews some of these advances and places the extravagant claims of anti-aging medicine in perspective. We conclude that a balanced diet of moderate proportions and exercise remain today the only proven fountain of youth. © 2009 Informa UK Ltd.
Age and Gender-related Variations of Molecular and Phenotypic Parameters in A Cohort of Sicilian Population: from Young to Centenarians
2021
People are living longer, but lifespan increase does not coincide with a boost in health-span. Thus, improving the quality of life of older people is a priority. Centenarians reach extreme longevity in a relatively good health status, escaping or delaying fatal or strongly invalidating diseases. Therefore, studying processes involved in longevity is important to explain the biological mechanisms of health and well-being, since knowledge born from this approach can provide valuable information on how to slow aging. We performed the present study in a well characterized very homogeneous sample of 173 people from Western Sicily, to update existing literature on some phenotypic aspects of aging…
High-Temperature Sintering of Xenogeneic Bone Substitutes Leads to Increased Multinucleated Giant Cell Formation: In Vivo and Preliminary Clinical Re…
2014
The present preclinical and clinical study assessed the inflammatory response to a high-temperature–treated xenogeneic material (Bego-Oss) and the effects of this material on the occurrence of multinucleated giant cells, implantation bed vascularization, and regenerative potential. After evaluation of the material characteristics via scanning electron microscopy, subcutaneous implantation in CD-1 mice was used to assess the inflammatory response to the material for up to 60 days. The clinical aspects of this study involved the use of human bone specimens 6 months after sinus augmentation. Established histologic and histomorphometric analysis methods were applied. After implantation, the mat…
The assessment of gingivitis using remote photoplethysmography
2020
Gum disease caused by bacterial infection, systemic conditions or neurogenic inflammation remains a prevalent and important concern of public health in both, developing and developed countries, potentially causing tooth loss if left untreated. Therefore, a simple, cost-effective, and contactless diagnostic tool is needed in dentistry. The present study aims to develop and investigate the feasibility of a motion artefact-free, miniature imaging photoplethysmography system which is dedicated for assessment of gingivitis in the dental office. The device comprised of a sub-miniature monochromatic camera equipped with miniature lens, 4-LED ring illuminator, cross polarizers and bandpass optical …
Wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors drive intestinal inflammation via activation of toll-like receptor 4
2012
Ingestion of wheat, barley, or rye triggers small intestinal inflammation in patients with celiac disease. Specifically, the storage proteins of these cereals (gluten) elicit an adaptive Th1-mediated immune response in individuals carrying HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 as major genetic predisposition. This well-defined role of adaptive immunity contrasts with an ill-defined component of innate immunity in celiac disease. We identify the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) CM3 and 0.19, pest resistance molecules in wheat, as strong activators of innate immune responses in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. ATIs engage the TLR4–MD2–CD14 complex and lead to up-regulation of maturation markers a…
IκB kinase-driven nuclear factor-κB activation in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
2011
Background Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcriptional factor of different inflammatory patterns involved in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that is tightly controlled by IκB kinase (IKK) complex. Objective We investigated the dysregulation of IKK-driven NF-κB activation in patients with asthma and COPD. Methods We assessed IKKα and IKKβ expression and activation, their regulation by glucocorticosteroids, and their involvement in IL-8 synthesis in PBMCs isolated from asthmatic patients, healthy smokers (HSs), patients with COPD, and control subjects. PBMCs from control subjects were stimulated with TNF-α and cigarette smoke extract in the presence or absence of fl…
Inflammatory Biomarkers in Elite Cross-Country Skiers After a Competition Season : A Case-Control Study
2022
Abstract Purpose Whether elite athletes, who have been exposed to vigorous-intensity exercise combined with other stressors, have elevated systemic low-grade inflammation, remains largely unclear. To address this question, we studied the levels of six inflammatory cytokines as potential biomarkers of a low-grade inflammatory state in elite athletes after an 11-month training and competition season. Methods We collected sera from 27 Finnish elite cross-country skiers and 27 gender- and age-matched, moderately-exercising controls. The serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA), interleukin 10 (IL-10…
Possible links between intestinal permeablity and food processing: a potential therapeutic niche for glutamine
2010
Increased intestinal permeability is a likely cause of various pathologies, such as allergies and metabolic or even cardiovascular disturbances. Intestinal permeability is found in many severe clinical situations and in common disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome. In these conditions, substances that are normally unable to cross the epithelial barrier gain access to the systemic circulation. To illustrate the potential harmfulness of leaky gut, we present an argument based on examples linked to protein or lipid glycation induced by modern food processing. Increased intestinal permeability should be largely improved by dietary addition of compounds, such as glutamine or curcumin, which…
Advanced glycation end products measured by skin autofluorescence are associated with melancholic depressive symptoms - Findings from Helsinki Birth …
2021
Background: Millions of people live with depression and its burden of disease. Depression has an increased comorbidity and mortality that has remained unexplained. Studies have reported connections between advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and various disease processes, including mental health. The present study evaluated associations between AGEs, depressive symptoms, and types of depressive symptoms. Methods: From the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study, 815 participants with a mean age of 76 years were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Characteristics regarding self-reported lifestyle and medical history, as well as blood tests were obtained along with responses regarding depressive…