Search results for "inflammation"
showing 10 items of 2662 documents
IL-9 IN PsA
2016
Objective. To investigate the expression and tis- sue distribution of Th9-related cytokines in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods. Quantitative gene expression analysis of Th1, Th17, and Th9 cytokines was performed in intestinal biopsy samples obtained from patients with PsA, HLA2B272positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), patients with Crohn’s disease (CD), and healthy controls. Expression and tissue distribu- tion of interleukin-23 (IL-23), IL-17, IL-22, IL-9, and IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) were evaluated by immunohisto- chemistry and confocal microscopy. Flow cytometry was used to study the frequency of Th9 cells among periph- eral blood, lamina propria, and synovial…
Estrogens control inflammation in experimental colitis.
2014
There is now a wealth of experimental evidence indicating that the deficit in endogenous estrogen facilitates the onset of inflammation that can be antagonized by estrogen replacement therapy. This work investigated the role of estrogen in the control of intestinal inflammation in a panel of colitis models, focusing on the morphological changes, the activity of mast cells, the expression of cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha), fibronectin and reactive oxygen species. Two hundred adult male rats were divided into 4 groups: colitis was induced in Group I and Group II but only the latter was treated with estrogen; Group III received estrogen only, and Group IV saline. Colitis was induced…
Mechanical ventilation and Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia alter mitochondrial homeostasis.
2018
Abstract Required mechanical ventilation (MV) may contribute to bacterial dissemination in patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia. Significant variations in plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been reported in sepsis according to the outcome. The impact of lung stretch during MV was addressed in a model of pneumonia. Healthy or S. pneumoniae infected rabbits were submitted to MV or kept spontaneously breathing (SB). Bacterial burden, cytokines release, mitochondrial DNA levels, integrity and transcription were assessed along with 48-hour mortality. Compared with infected SB rabbits, MV rabbits developed more severe pneumonia with greater concentrations of bacteria in the lungs, …
The metabolic syndrome-arterial stiffness relationship in patients with ischaemic stroke: role of inflammation
2008
Influence of Nutritional Status and Physical Exercise on Immune Response in Metabolic Syndrome
2022
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic alterations mostly related to visceral adiposity, which in turn promotes glucose intolerance and a chronic systemic inflammatory state, characterized by immune cell infiltration. Such immune system activation increases the risk of severe disease subsequent to viral infections. Strong correlations between elevated body mass index (BMI), type-2-diabetes and increased risk of hospitalization after pandemic influenza H1N1 infection have been described. Similarly, a correlation between elevated blood glucose level and SARS-CoV-2 infection severity and mortality has been described, indicating MetS as an important predictor of clinical outcomes i…
Role of NF-kappaB in immune and inflammatory responses in the gut.
1998
NF-kappaB is a pleiotropic transcription factor with key functions in the intestinal immune system. NF-kappaB family members control transcriptional activity of various promoters of proinflammatory cytokines, cell surface receptors, transcription factors, and adhesion molecules that are involved in intestinal inflammation. The perpetuated activation of NF-kappaB in patients with active inflammatory bowel disease suggests that regulation of NF-kappaB activity is a very attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Such strategies include antioxidants, proteasome inhibitors, inhibition of NF-kappaB by adenoviral I kappaB alpha expression vectors, and antisense DNA targeting of NF-kappaB. Th…
Host–pathogen interactions in Vibrio vulnificus: responses of monocytes and vascular endothelial cells to live bacteria
2015
ABSTRACT Aim: To demonstrate that Vibrio vulnificus, a sepsis-related aquatic pathogen, can provoke a strong pro-inflammatory reaction in blood-associated target cells. Materials & methods: We selected two strains of the two main phylogenetic lineages, two human cell lines, monocytes and vascular endothelial cells and designed an in vitro infection model simulating early septicemia. Results: Both strains caused a strong cell-specific pro-inflammatory response and produced a high degree of cell damage that ended with death by lysis (endothelial cells) or apoptosis/lysis (monocytes). The interaction with endothelial cells was stronger than expected and significantly different for both l…
Study of the natural cactus extracts protective effects on oxidative stress and inflammation related to peroxisomal β-oxidation deficiencies
2023
The objective of my thesis work was to better understand the role of microglial cells in neuroinflammation initiated in several neurovegetative peroxisomal leukodystrophies and to explore the protective effects of substances from the cactus Opuntia ficus indica. To this end, we used as an in vitro model microglial cells deficient in ATP Binding Cassette D transporters (ABCD 1 and ABCD 2) or acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1). These are two BV-2 murine cell lines, deficient in Abcd1/Abcd2-/- or deficient in Acox1-/-, obtained elsewhere by gene editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 methodology. Our results made it possible to: (i) characterize, by differential centrifugation and isopycnic ultracentrifugation…
Differential TNF-Signaling in Chronic Inflammatory Disorders
2004
TNF-alpha is a pleiotropic cytokine with strong proinflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. TNF-alpha plays a critical role in many acute or chronic inflammatory diseases and anti-TNF-strategies have proven to be clinically effective. Two TNF-specific cell surface receptors TNF-R1 and TNF-R2 have been identified and the function of these receptors and the downstream intracellular signal transduction pathways have been extensively studied in vitro. For a long time TNF-R1 was considered to be the predominant mediator of TNF-signaling, whereas TNF-R2 was ascribed only auxilliary function. However, there is increasing clinical and experimental evidence for an important independent role of …