Search results for "inflammation"
showing 10 items of 2662 documents
Soluble CD40L and Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Low-Grade Carotid Stenosis
2005
Background and Purpose— We investigated whether soluble CD40L (sCD40L) may predict the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with asymptomatic carotid plaques. Methods— Forty-two patients with asymptomatic low-grade carotid stenosis (ALCS) and 21 controls without any carotid stenosis were enrolled. All subjects had at least a major cardiovascular risk factor (CRF). Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and sCD40L were measured. Subjects were reviewed every 12 months (median follow-up, 8 years). Results— ALCS patients had higher ( P <0.0001) CRP, IL-6, and sCD40L than controls. Fourteen patients experienced a CV event. Cox regression analysis showed that only high sCD…
Metabolic effects of the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and cardiovascular risk
2008
The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by collapse of the upper airway during sleep, recurring apneas, intermittent hypoxemia and daytime somnolence. OSAS is often associated with obesity, and its prevalence is expected to rise due to the obesity epidemics worldwide. OSAS is associated with increased cardiovascular risk which appears to be normalized by treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) during sleep, suggesting an independent role of OSAS in accelerating atherosclerosis. Insulin resistance (IR) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are often found in OSAS patients, but the relative role played by OSAS and obesity is still unclear. Both OSAS a…
Interruption of Macrophage-Derived IL-27(p28) Production by IL-10 during Sepsis Requires STAT3 but Not SOCS3
2014
Abstract Severe sepsis and septic shock are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Infection-associated inflammation promotes the development and progression of adverse outcomes in sepsis. The effects of heterodimeric IL-27 (p28/EBI3) have been implicated in the natural course of sepsis, whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of gene expression and release of IL-27 in sepsis are poorly understood. We studied the events regulating the p28 subunit of IL-27 in endotoxic shock and polymicrobial sepsis following cecal ligation and puncture. Neutralizing Abs to IL-27(p28) improved survival rates, restricted cytokine release, and reduced bacterial burden in C57BL/…
Convergent sets of data from in vivo and in vitro methods point to an active role of Hsp60 in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis.
2011
BackgroundIt is increasingly clear that some heat shock proteins (Hsps) play a role in inflammation. Here, we report results showing participation of Hsp60 in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), as indicated by data from both in vivo and in vitro analyses.Methods and resultsBronchial biopsies from patients with stable COPD, smoker controls with normal lung function, and non-smoker controls were studied. We quantified by immunohistochemistry levels of Hsp10, Hsp27, Hsp40, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, and HSF-1, along with levels of inflammatory markers. Hsp10, Hsp40, and Hsp60 were increased during progression of disease. We found also a positive correlation between th…
Effect of orthodontic treatment on saliva, plaque and the levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus
2009
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify changes in the oral environment with clinical, salivary and bacterial risk markers after placement of fixed orthodontic appliances on permanent dentition. Material and Methods: With ethical approval, we used different techniques to analyzed clinical, salivary and bacterial risk markers in 34 patients (mean age, 16.7 ± 5.2 years), 14 males and 20 females; before starting orthodontic treatment and 1 month after. Clinical risk markers (decayed, missing, and filled surfaces [DMFS], O?Leary´s plaque index, and plaque pH); salivary markers (unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rate, buffer capacity, pH, and occult blood in saliva) and bacterial…
Anti-atherogenic Effects of 17β-Estradiol
2013
Estrogens are secreted primarily by the ovaries and placenta, by the testes in men and also produced by peripheral steroidogenic conversion. The 3 major naturally occurring estrogens are: 17β-estradiol (E2), estrone and estriol, of which E2 is the predominant and most active. The actions of E2 are mediated by at least 3 different receptors - the classical ERs (ERα and ERβ) and G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30). E2 signaling in cardiomyocytes involves ERα- and ERβ-independent pathways, and treatment with the E2 receptor antagonists (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators- SERMs), which are agonists of GPR30, inhibits cardiac cell growth. Effects of E2 in preventing endothelial dysfunctio…
TLR4 response mediates ethanol-induced neurodevelopment alterations in a model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders
2017
Background Inflammation during brain development participates in the pathogenesis of early brain injury and cognitive dysfunctions. Prenatal ethanol exposure affects the developing brain and causes neural impairment, cognitive and behavioral effects, collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Our previous studies demonstrate that ethanol activates the innate immune response and TLR4 receptor and causes neuroinflammation, brain damage, and cognitive defects in the developmental brain stage of adolescents. We hypothesize that by activating the TLR4 response, maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy triggers the release of cytokines and chemokines in both the maternal …
Tumor-associated autoantibody signature for the early detection of gastric cancer
2012
Autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens are very attractive biomarkers for the development of noninvasive serological tests for the early detection of cancer because of their specificity and stability in the sera. In our study, we applied T7 phage display-based serological analysis of recombinant cDNA expression libraries technique to identify a representative set of antigens eliciting humoral responses in patients with gastric cancer (GC), produced phage-antigen microarrays and exploited them for the survey of autoantibody repertoire in patients with GC and inflammatory diseases. We developed procedures for data normalization and cutoff determination to define sero-positive signal…
Inhibition of phospholipase A2 activities and some inflammatory responses by the marine product ircinin
1996
The marine product ircinin has been tested for its effects on secretory and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities in vitro as well as for inhibition of cellular functions in human neutrophils and inflammatory responses in mice. Ircinin inhibited Naja naja venom, human synovial recombinant, bee venom and zymosan-injected rat air pouch PLA2 with IC50 values in the microM range, similar to those of the known inhibitor scalaradial. On the other hand, ircinin was less active on cytosolic PLA2 from human monocytes and decreased potently the release of LTB4 in human neutrophils. This marine product affected weakly human neutrophil functions like superoxide generation and degranulation. In t…
Modulation Of Beta2 and Beta3 Integrins in experimental colitis induced by iodoacetamide and enteropathogenic E.Coli
2013
Integrins can modulate the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the secretion of various inflammatory mediators, essential players in the pathogenesis of colitis. This study explores the role of beta2 and beta3 integrin signaling and their possible role in experimental colitis. A total of 160 adult male Sprague-Dawly rats were divided into 4 equal groups: methylcellulose, bacteria, iodoacetamide and iodoacetamide plus bacteria. Clinical symptoms and signs of colitis were checked daily and colonic tissues were biopsied on days 3, 14, 28, and 56 post induction. Histological studies along with histochemical analysis and polymerase chain reaction of beta2, beta3 and alphavbeta3 were performed…