Search results for "inflammation"

Th17 immunity in children with allergic asthma and rhinitis: a pharmacological approach

2013

Th17 cells and IL-17A play a role in the development and progression of allergic diseases. We analyzed the IL-17A levels in sputum supernatants (Ss), nasal wash (NW) and plasma (P) from Healthy Controls (HC) and children with Asthma/Rhinitis. We tested the expression of IL-17A, RORγ(t) and FOXP3 in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes from intermittent and mild-moderate asthma. The effect of Budesonide and Formoterol was tested "in vitro" on IL-17A, RORγ(t) and FOXP3 expression in cultured T-lymphocytes from mild-moderate asthma/persistent rhinitis patients, and on nasal and bronchial epithelial cells stimulated with NW and Ss from mild-moderate asthma/persistent rhinitis. Further, the effect of …

Fighting mycobacterial infections by antibiotics, phytochemicals and vaccines.

2011

Buruli ulcer is a neglected disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans and represents the world's third most common mycobacterial infection. It produces the polyketide toxins, mycolactones A, B, C and D, which induce apoptosis and necrosis. Clinical symptoms are subcutaneous nodules, papules, plaques and ulcerating oedemae, which can enlarge and destroy nerves and blood vessels and even invade bones by lymphatic or haematogenous spread (osteomyelitis). Patients usually do not suffer from pain or systematic inflammation. Surgery is the treatment of choice, although recurrence is common and wide surgical excisions including healthy tissues result in significant morbidity. Antibiotic therapy wit…

Inflammatory Chemokines Expression Variations and Their Receptors in APP/PS1 Mice

2021

Background: In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an increase in inflammation is distinctive. Amyloid precursor protein plus presenilin-1 (APP/PS1 mice) is a model for this illness. Chemokines secreted by central nervous system (CNS) cells could play multiple important roles in AD. Data looking for the chemokines involved in inflammatory mechanisms are lacking. To understand the changes that occur in the inflammation process in AD, it is necessary to improve strategies to act on specific inflammatory targets. Objective: Chemokines and their receptors involved in phagocytosis, demyelination, chemotaxis, and coagulation were the objective of our study. Methods: Female APPswe/PS1 double-transgenic mice…

Systemic Inflammation in Metabolic Syndrome: Increased Platelet and Leukocyte Activation, and Key Role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and CCL2/CCR2 Axes in Arteria…

2019

Background: Metabolic syndrome is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation, which is a key driver of premature atherosclerosis. We characterized immune cell behavior in metabolic syndrome, its consequences, and the potential involvement of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and CCL2/CCR2 chemokine axes. Methods: Whole blood from 18 patients with metabolic syndrome and 21 age-matched controls was analyzed by flow cytometry to determine the leukocyte immunophenotypes, activation, platelet-leukocyte aggregates, and CX3CR1 expression. ELISA determined the plasma marker levels. Platelet-leukocyte aggregates adhesion to tumor necrosis factor-&alpha

The Cytokine GM-CSF Drives the Inflammatory Signature of CCR2+ Monocytes and Licenses Autoimmunity.

2015

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has emerged as a crucial cytokine produced by auto-reactive T helper (Th) cells that initiate tissue inflammation. Multiple cell types can sense GM-CSF, but the identity of the pathogenic GM-CSF-responsive cells is unclear. By using conditional gene targeting, we systematically deleted the GM-CSF receptor (Csf2rb) in specific subpopulations throughout the myeloid lineages. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) progressed normally when either classical dendritic cells (cDCs) or neutrophils lacked GM-CSF responsiveness. The development of tissue-invading monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) was also unperturbed upon Csf2r…

Imaging of T cell-mediated inflammation in a preclinical GvHD model using radiolabeled anti-human CD3 antibody

2019

Generation of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell lines.

2001

The limited lifespan of human microvascular endothelial cells in cell culture represents a major obstacle for the study of microvascular pathobiology. To date, no endothelial cell line is available that demonstrates all of the fundamental characteristics of microvascular endothelial cells. We have generated endothelial cell lines from human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMEC) isolated from adult donors. HPMEC were cotransfected with a plasmid encoding the catalytic component of telomerase (hTERT) and a plasmid encoding the simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen. Cells transfected with either plasmid alone had an extended lifespan, but the cultures eventually entered crisis aft…

PECAM-1/CD31 in infarction and longevity.

2007

: Inflammation has recently proven to be associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammatory genes are good candidates for the risk of developing atherosclerosis. The early phase of atherosclerosis involves the recruitment of inflammatory cells from the circulation and their transendothelial migration. This process is mainly mediated by cellular adhesion molecules, which are expressed by the vascular endothelium and by circulating leukocytes in response to several inflammatory stimuli. Adhesion of circulating cells to the arterial surface is among the first detectable events in atherogenesis. Cellular adhesion molecules, expressed by the vascular endothelium and by circulat…

Implanted neonatal human dermal fibroblasts influence the recruitment of endothelial cells in mice

2012

The vascularization of new tissue within a reasonable time is a crucial prerequisite for the success of different cell- and material-based strategies. Considering that angiogenesis is a multi-step process involving humoral and cellular regulatory components, only in vivo assays provide the adequate information about vessel formation and the recruitment of endothelial cells. The present study aimed to investigate if neonatal human dermal fibroblasts could influence in vivo neovascularization. Results obtained showed that fibroblasts were able to recruit endothelial cells to vascularize the implanted matrix, which was further colonized by murine functional blood vessels after one week. The ve…

Induction of CD36 and thrombospondin-1 in macrophages by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 and its relevance in the inflammatory process.

2012

Inflammation is part of a complex biological response of vascular tissue to pathogens or damaged cells. First inflammatory cells attempt to remove the injurious stimuli and this is followed by a healing process mediated principally by phagocytosis of senescent cells. Hypoxia and p38-MAPK are associated with inflammation, and hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) has been detected in inflamed tissues. We aimed to analyse the role of p38-MAPK and HIF-1 in the transcriptional regulation of CD36, a class B scavenger receptor, and its ligand thrombospondin (TSP-1) in macrophages and to evaluate the involvement of this pathway in phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils. We have also assessed HIF-1α, p…