Search results for "informatics"

showing 10 items of 2542 documents

COVID-19 and periodontitis: reflecting on a possible association

2021

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated a relationship between the severe clinical course of COVID-19 and other chronic diseases such as: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and chronic renal disease. It may be possible to extend this association to a common and chronic oral disease in adults: periodontitis. Alternatively, the latter could be simply related to the systemic chronic diseases cited above, as already observed in the non-COVID-19 literature. In order to provide an overview and their opinion, the authors in this perspective article will report and discuss the most recent references of interest relating to COVID-19 and periodontitis pathophysiology. W…

Adult0301 basic medicineSpecialties of internal medicineDiseaseBioinformatics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansObesityPeriodontitisInterleukin 6General DentistryPeriodontitisIL-6biologySARS-CoV-2business.industryCOVID-19030206 dentistryHypothesismedicine.diseaseChronic periodontitisObesityPathophysiologyCoronavirusIL-17030104 developmental biologyRC581-951OtorhinolaryngologyChronic Diseasebiology.proteinNeurology (clinical)Interleukin 17businessHead & Face Medicine
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Entropy of balance--some recent results.

2010

Abstract Background Entropy when applied to biological signals is expected to reflect the state of the biological system. However the physiological interpretation of the entropy is not always straightforward. When should high entropy be interpreted as a healthy sign, and when as marker of deteriorating health? We address this question for the particular case of human standing balance and the Center of Pressure data. Methods We have measured and analyzed balance data of 136 participants (young, n = 45; elderly, n = 91) comprising in all 1085 trials, and calculated the Sample Entropy (SampEn) for medio-lateral (M/L) and anterior-posterior (A/P) Center of Pressure (COP) together with the Hurst…

AdultAgingAdolescentHealth InformaticsModels Psychologicallcsh:RC321-571Developmental psychologyYoung AdultPhysical StimulationStatisticsPostural BalancePressureEntropy (information theory)HumansAttentionlcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryEyes openPostural BalanceAgedAged 80 and overResearchSignificant differenceRehabilitationMiddle AgedSample entropyStanding balanceDetrended fluctuation analysisExponentVisual PerceptionAccidental FallsPsychologyJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation
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Large-scale association analysis identifies new risk loci for coronary artery disease

2016

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the commonest cause of death. Here, we report an association analysis in 63,746 CAD cases and 130,681 controls identifying 15 loci reaching genome-wide significance, taking the number of susceptibility loci for CAD to 46, and a further 104 independent variants (r 2 < 0.2) strongly associated with CAD at a 5% false discovery rate (FDR). Together, these variants explain approximately 10.6% of CAD heritability. Of the 46 genome-wide significant lead SNPs, 12 show a significant association with a lipid trait, and 5 show a significant association with blood pressure, but none is significantly associated with diabetes. Network analysis with 233 candidate genes …

AdultAsian Continental Ancestry GroupMaleCandidate geneBIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICAPopulationEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupQuantitative Trait LociCADGenome-wide association studySingle-nucleotide polymorphismCoronary Artery Disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyBiologyQuantitative trait locusBioinformaticsPolymorphism Single NucleotideArticleWhite Peoplecoronary artery disease risk lociCell LineCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineAsian PeopleRisk FactorsmedicineHumansgeneticsGene Regulatory NetworksGenetic Predisposition to Diseasecardiovascular diseasesPolymorphismeducation030304 developmental biologyGenetic associationAgedGenetics0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyAdult Aged Asian Continental Ancestry Group Cell Line Coronary Artery Disease; genetics European Continental Ancestry Group; genetics Female Gene Regulatory Networks Genetic Predisposition to Disease Genome-Wide Association Study Humans Male Middle Aged Polymorphism; Single Nucleotide Quantitative Trait Loci Risk FactorsSingle NucleotideMiddle Agedmedicine.disease3. Good healthFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyNature Genetics
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Adaptive frequency decomposition of EEG with subsequent expert system analysis.

2001

We present a hybrid system for automatic analysis of clinical routine EEG, comprising a spectral analysis and an expert system. EEG raw data are transformed into the time-frequency domain by the so-called adaptive frequency decomposition. The resulting frequency components are converted into pseudo-linguistic facts via fuzzification. Finally, an expert system applies symbolic rules formulated by the neurologist to evaluate the extracted EEG features. The system detects artefacts, describes alpha rhythm by frequency, amplitude, and stability and after artefact rejection detects pathologic slow activity. All results are displayed as linguistic terms, numerical values and maps of temporal exte…

AdultBiometryAdolescentComputer scienceFuzzy setStability (learning theory)Health InformaticsExpert SystemsElectroencephalographycomputer.software_genreFuzzy logicFuzzy LogicmedicineHumansSensitivity (control systems)Diagnosis Computer-AssistedTheta RhythmAgedAged 80 and overSignal processingBrain Diseasesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPattern recognitionElectroencephalographyMiddle AgedExpert systemComputer Science ApplicationsAlpha RhythmDelta RhythmHybrid systemArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerAlgorithmComputers in biology and medicine
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Integration of immigrants into a new culture is related to poor sleep quality.

2008

Abstract Background This article reports on the relationship between cultural influences on life style, coping style, and sleep in a sample of female Portuguese immigrants living in Germany. Sleep quality is known to be poorer in women than in men, yet little is known about mediating psychological and sociological variables such as stress and coping with stressful life circumstances. Migration constitutes a particularly difficult life circumstance for women if it involves differing role conceptions in the country of origin and the emigrant country. Methods The study investigated sleep quality, coping styles and level of integration in a sample of Portuguese (N = 48) and Moroccan (N = 64) im…

AdultCoping (psychology)media_common.quotation_subjectImmigrationEmigrants and Immigrantslcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsDevelopmental psychologyGermanInterviews as TopicSex Factorsddc:150GermanySleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersAdaptation PsychologicalHumansmedia_commonAnalysis of VarianceCultural CharacteristicsSleep qualityPortugalResearchPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral Medicinelanguage.human_languageCountry of originPoor sleepMoroccolanguageLife circumstanceslcsh:R858-859.7Women's HealthFemalePortuguesePsychologyHealth and quality of life outcomes
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Development and validation of the Short Professional Quality of Life Scale based on versions IV and V of the Professional Quality of Life Scale

2020

Background This research presents a short version of the Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale, one of the most frequently used questionnaires in the arena of applied healthcare investigation. It measures burnout (BO), compassion fatigue (CF), and compassion satisfaction (CS). Methods A 9-item version of the ProQOL was developed. In Study 1, this short version, which used items from version IV of the ProQOL, was administered to 817 palliative care professionals from Spain, Argentina, and Brazil. In Study 2, the same nine items, but this time from version V of the ProQOL, were administered to 296 Spanish palliative care professionals. Results Study 1: The Short ProQOL showed an adequat…

AdultCross-Cultural ComparisonMaleCoping (psychology)2019-20 coronavirus outbreakPalliative carecomparación transculturalAttitude of Health PersonnelhumanosArgentinaBurnoutlcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsQuality of life scale03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesHealth careHumans030212 general & internal medicineBurnout ProfessionalCompassion fatigue030504 nursingbusiness.industryResearchPalliative CarePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthValidation studyReproducibility of ResultsOccupational stressGeneral MedicineadultoHealth personnelactitud del personal sanitarioProfessional burnoutreproducibilidad de resultadoscuidados paliativosSpainCompassion fatiguecalidad de vidaQuality of Lifelcsh:R858-859.7FemaleOccupational stress0305 other medical sciencePsychologybusinessBrazilClinical psychologyHealth and Quality of Life Outcomes
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Metagenomic Analysis of Crohn's Disease Patients Identifies Changes in the Virome and Microbiome Related to Disease Status and Therapy, and Detects P…

2015

Background The aim of this study was to survey the bacterial and viral communities in different types of samples from patients with Crohn's disease (CD) at different stages of the disease to relate their distribution with the origin and progression of this disorder. Methods A total of 42 fecal samples and 15 biopsies from 20 patients with CD and 20 healthy control individuals were collected for bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling and DNA/RNA virome metagenomic analysis through 454 pyrosequencing. Their composition, abundance, and diversity were analyzed, and comparisons of disease status, patient status, and sample origin were used to determine statistical differences between the groups. Resu…

AdultDNA BacterialMaleAdolescentDiseaseBiologyBioinformaticsBacterial geneticsFecesYoung AdultCrohn DiseaseRNA Ribosomal 16SmedicineImmunology and AllergyHumansHuman viromeMicrobiomeCrohn's diseaseMicrobiotaGastroenterologyCase-control studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMetagenomicsCase-Control StudiesImmunologyDNA ViralPyrosequencingMetagenomeFemaleMetagenomicsPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthInflammatory bowel diseases
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Advancing beyond the system: telemedicine nurses' clinical reasoning using a computerised decision support system for patients with COPD - an ethnogr…

2017

Abstract Background Telemedicine is changing traditional nursing care, and entails nurses performing advanced and complex care within a new clinical environment, and monitoring patients at a distance. Telemedicine practice requires complex disease management, advocating that the nurses’ reasoning and decision-making processes are supported. Computerised decision support systems are being used increasingly to assist reasoning and decision-making in different situations. However, little research has focused on the clinical reasoning of nurses using a computerised decision support system in a telemedicine setting. Therefore, the objective of the study is to explore the process of telemedicine …

AdultDecision support systemTelemedicineProcess (engineering)Clinical Decision-MakingEthnographyHealth InformaticsNursinglcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsHealth informatics03 medical and health sciencesNursing careInformationSystems_GENERALPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineAnthropology CulturalQualitative ResearchMedical educationData collection030504 nursingbusiness.industryNorwayHealth PolicyChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCitizen journalismReasoningMiddle AgedDecision Support Systems ClinicalComputerised decision support systemFocus groupTelemedicineComputer Science Applicationslcsh:R858-859.7Female0305 other medical sciencebusinessPsychologyQualitativeResearch ArticleDecision-makingBMC medical informatics and decision making
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A finite element-based machine learning approach for modeling the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues under compression in real-time

2017

[EN] This work presents a data-driven method to simulate, in real-time, the biomechanical behavior of the breast tissues in some image-guided interventions such as biopsies or radiotherapy dose delivery as well as to speed up multimodal registration algorithms. Ten real breasts were used for this work. Their deformation due to the displacement of two compression plates was simulated off-line using the finite element (FE) method. Three machine learning models were trained with the data from those simulations. Then, they were used to predict in real-time the deformation of the breast tissues during the compression. The models were a decision tree and two tree-based ensemble methods (extremely…

AdultFinite element methodsMean squared errorComputer scienceQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansINGENIERIA MECANICAFinite Element AnalysisPhysics::Medical PhysicsDecision treeBreast compressionHealth Informatics02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genreModels Biological030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineMachine learning0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHumansBreastbusiness.industryModelingEnsemble learningFinite element methodComputer Science ApplicationsRandom forestEuclidean distanceTree (data structure)Female020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligenceBreast biomechanicsbusinesscomputerLENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS
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Genome-wide analysis reveals DNA methylation markers that vary with both age and obesity

2014

AbstractThe combination of the obesity epidemic and an aging population presents growing challenges for the healthcare system. Obesity and aging are major risk factors for a diverse number of diseases and it is of importance to understand their interaction and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Herein the authors examined the methylation levels of 27578 CpG sites in 46 samples from adult peripheral blood. The effect of obesity and aging was ascertained with general linear models. More than one hundred probes were correlated to aging, nine of which belonged to the KEGG group map04080. Additionally, 10 CpG sites had diverse methylation profiles in obese and lean individuals, one of which wa…

AdultGenetic Markersmedicine.medical_specialtyAgingAlpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTOGenome-wide association studyBiologyMicroarrayBioinformaticsEpigenesis GeneticGeneticsmedicineHumansEpigeneticsObesityKEGGTelomeraseAgedMedicinsk genetikGeneticsProteinsGeneral MedicineMethylationDNA MethylationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesityCpG siteDNA methylationMedical geneticsCpG IslandsFemaleEpigeneticsMedical GeneticsGenome-Wide Association Study
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