Search results for "informed consent"
showing 10 items of 109 documents
Usual Care and Informed Consent in Clinical Trials of Oxygen Management in Extremely Premature Infants
2016
Objective The adequacy of informed consent in the Surfactant, Positive Pressure, and Pulse Oximetry Randomized Trial (SUPPORT) has been questioned. SUPPORT investigators and publishing editors, heads of government study funding agencies, and many ethicists have argued that informed consent was adequate because the two oxygen saturation target ranges studied fell within a range commonly recommended in guidelines. We sought to determine whether each oxygen target as studied in SUPPORT and four similar randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was consistent with usual care. Design/Participants/Setting PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for English articles back to 1990 providi…
Osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients treated with bisphosphonates.
2011
The literature describes an increasing presence of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ), characterized by the exposure for over 8 weeks of necrotic bone in the maxillofacial region, after bisphosphonate therapy, in the absence of prior maxillary radiotherapy. The present literature review examines the etiopathogenesis, risk factors, clinical forms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of bisphosphonate-induced ONJ. In addition, a review is made of all the series involving over 15 patients diagnosed with this disorder between 1 January 2011 and 15 May 2011. A PubMed-Medline search was carried out with the following key words: “bisphosphonates” and “osteonecrosis”. The appear…
Le pharmacien et le consentement éclairé
2021
During the implementation of the Covid-19 vaccination, the issue of consent was widely commented upon. Many confusions arose between the withdrawal period, the obligation to collect written consent and many other more or less fanciful concepts. Informed consent is one of the founding stones of health democracy. It deserves to be understood in order to be intelligently applied.
Oral cancer and treatment information involved in therapeutic decision-making
2019
Early detection of oral cancer improves survival after treatment and the quality of life. The adoption of standardized methodological protocols of screening has increased the possibilities for early identification and appropriate treatment. The informed consent must be obtained by patients before any treatment and/or surgical procedure. The clinical and surgical details must be discussed with the patient, as well as potential risks and benefits. Consent must be documented in the medical record and consent forms may serve to document the physician's discussion with the patient. Objectives. all dentists are trained to detect the early signs of oral cancer. The health professional have a key r…
Ramadan During Pregnancy – Fasting, Nutrition, Sleep Patterns and Offspring Health at Birth: A Cross-Sectional Study
2020
Background: Intrauterine exposure to Ramadan is associated with adverse offspring health outcomes. Yet, the dynamics behind these associations remain largely unexplored. We investigate if maternal intermittent fasting or other lifestyle changes during Ramadan affect birth outcomes, and determine whether nutritional and sleep behavior during non-fasting hours influences the fasting-birth weight association. Methods: Linear regressions are estimated using OLS to identify the associations between fasting, sleep behavior, sweets consumption and birth weight, 5-minute APGAR score and gestational age. Interaction terms between fasting and other behaviors are included to explore the potential mode…
The appropriate and justified use of medical radiation in cardiovascular imaging: a position document of the ESC Associations of Cardiovascular Imagi…
2014
The benefits of cardiac imaging are immense, and modern medicine requires the extensive and versatile use of a variety of cardiac imaging techniques. Cardiologists are responsible for a large part of the radiation exposures every person gets per year from all medical sources. Therefore, they have a particular responsibility to avoid unjustified and non-optimized use of radiation, but sometimes are imperfectly aware of the radiological dose of the examination they prescribe or practice. This position paper aims to summarize the current knowledge on radiation effective doses (and risks) related to cardiac imaging procedures. We have reviewed the literature on radiation doses, which can range …
Facebook’s Emotional Contagion Experiment as a Challenge to Research Ethics
2016
This article analyzes the ethical discussion focusing on the Facebook emotional contagion experiment published by the <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</em> in 2014. The massive-scale experiment manipulated the News Feeds of a large amount of Facebook users and was successful in proving that emotional contagion happens also in online environments. However, the experiment caused ethical concerns within and outside academia mainly for two intertwined reasons, the first revolving around the idea of research as manipulation, and the second focusing on the problematic definition of informed consent. The article concurs with recent research that the era of social med…
Lie Detection: Remarks From Neuroethics
2016
El presente trabajo aborda los aspectos bioéticos derivados de los ya no tan recientes avances en Neurociencia cognitiva; especialmente las implicaciones que la introducción de las pruebas neurocientíficas en el proceso judicial penal, como la conocida técnica de detección de mentiras (prueba P.300) pueden acarrear. Como seguidamente veremos, el creciente desarrollo de la neuroimagen ha avivado la inquietud por la protección de la autonomía individual, la seguridad y la superación de interpretaciones reduccionistas contrarias a la dignidad de las personas. Cuestiones a las que están prestando atención los estudios de neuroética, los cuales, aunque empezaron su recorrido a finales de la déca…
Positive family history of colorectal cancer in a general practice setting [FRIDA.Frankfurt]: study protocol of a of a cross-sectional study.
2015
Background Although the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) is 2-4 times higher in case of a positive family history, risk-adapted screening programs for family members related to CRC- patients do not exist in the German health care system. CRC screening recommendations for persons under 55 years of age that have a family predisposition have been published in several guidelines. The primary aim of this study is to determine the frequency of positive family history of CRC (1st degree relatives with CRC) among 40–54 year old persons in a general practitioner (GP) setting in Germany. Secondary aims are to detect the frequency of occurrence of colorectal neoplasms (CRC and advanced adeno…
Recensione di G. Giaimo, La volontà e il corpo, Giappichelli, Torino, 2019, pp. 224
2021
Il contributo recensisce il volume di G. Giaimo, La volontà e il corpo, Torino, 2019, mettendo in evidenza i diversi temi trattati e l'approccio dell'analisi. The contribution reviews the volume by G. Giaimo, La volontà e il corpo, Turin, 2019, highlighting the different themes dealt with and the analysis approach.