Search results for "insert"
showing 10 items of 440 documents
Comprehensive identification of Vibrio vulnificus genes required for growth in human serum.
2018
ABSTRACT Vibrio vulnificus can be a highly invasive pathogen capable of spreading from an infection site to the bloodstream, causing sepsis and death. To survive and proliferate in blood, the pathogen requires mechanisms to overcome the innate immune defenses and metabolic limitations of this host niche. We created a high-density transposon mutant library in YJ016, a strain representative of the most virulent V. vulnificus lineage (or phylogroup) and used transposon insertion sequencing (TIS) screens to identify loci that enable the pathogen to survive and proliferate in human serum. Initially, genes underrepresented for insertions were used to estimate the V. vulnificus essential gene set;…
Familial Central Hypothyroidism Caused by a Novel IGSF1 Gene Mutation.
2016
Congenital hypothyroidism of central origin (CH-C) is a rare disease in which thyroid hormone deficiency is caused by insufficient thyrotropin stimulation of a normal thyroid gland. A recently described syndrome of isolated CH-C and macroorchidism was attributed to loss-of-function mutations of the immunoglobulin superfamily, member 1 gene (IGSF1).CH-C was diagnosed in three siblings. The TRH, TRHR, and TSHB genes were sequenced followed by whole-exome sequencing in the proband. A mutation identified in IGSF1 was analyzed by direct PCR sequencing in family members. The effects of the mutation were assessed by in vitro studies in HEK293 cells.The index case was negative for mutations in TRH,…
The C-terminal Domains of Apoptotic BH3-only Proteins Mediate Their Insertion into Distinct Biological Membranes
2016
Changes in the equilibrium of pro- and anti-apoptotic members of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein family in the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) induce structural changes that commit cells to apoptosis. Bcl-2 homology-3 (BH3)-only proteins participate in this process by either activating pro-apoptotic effectors or inhibiting anti-apoptotic components and by promoting MOM permeabilization. The association of BH3-only proteins with MOMs is necessary for the activation and amplification of death signals; however, the nature of this association remains controversial, as these proteins lack a canonical transmembrane sequence. Here we used an in vitro expression system to study the inserti…
Assembly of Spinach Chloroplast ATP Synthase Rotor Ring Protein-Lipid Complex
2019
Rotor ATPases are large multisubunit membrane protein complexes found in all kingdoms of life. The membrane parts of these ATPases include a ring-like assembly, so-called c-ring, consisting of several subunits c, plugged by a patch of phospholipids. In this report, we use a nature-inspired approach to model the assembly of the spinach (Spinacia oleracea) c14 ring protein-lipid complex, where partially assembled oligomers are pulled toward each other using a biasing potential. The resulting assemblies contain 23 to 26 encapsulated plug lipids, general position of which corresponds well to experimental maps. However, best fit to experimental data is achieved with 15 to 17 lipids inside the c-…
panISa: ab initio detection of insertion sequences in bacterial genomes from short read sequence data.
2018
Abstract Motivation The advent of next-generation sequencing has boosted the analysis of bacterial genome evolution. Insertion sequence (IS) elements play a key role in prokaryotic genome organization and evolution, but their repetitions in genomes complicate their detection from short-read data. Results PanISa is a software pipeline that identifies IS insertions ab initio in bacterial genomes from short-read data. It is a highly sensitive and precise tool based on the detection of read-mapping patterns at the insertion site. PanISa performs better than existing IS detection systems as it is based on a database-free approach. We applied it to a high-risk clone lineage of the pathogenic spec…
VISMapper: ultra-fast exhaustive cartography of viral insertion sites for gene therapy
2017
The possibility of integrating viral vectors to become a persistent part of the host genome makes them a crucial element of clinical gene therapy. However, viral integration has associated risks, such as the unintentional activation of oncogenes that can result in cancer. Therefore, the analysis of integration sites of retroviral vectors is a crucial step in developing safer vectors for therapeutic use. Here we present VISMapper, a vector integration site analysis web server, to analyze next-generation sequencing data for retroviral vector integration sites. VISMapper can be found at: http://vismapper.babelomics.org . Because it uses novel mapping algorithms VISMapper is remarkably faster t…
Études scientifiques et marché du travail : éléments de réflexion sur la crise des formations en sciences
2007
Student disaffection towards sciences, most evident in pure science undergraduates, is causing increasing concern for the future of scientific training in France. If access to employment deteriorates more for science graduates than for graduates in other disciplines, science graduates will have a distinct advantage in terms of earnings and employment status, when the economic situation becomes less favourable. Within sciences, graduates of pure sciences have a more difficult transition from education to employment than those from applied sciences. Yet graduates from both disciplines compete for the same job in the private sector with pure science graduates receiving lower wages. The “crisis…
Le sentiment de discrimination des descendants d'immigrés : reflet d'une orientation contrariée et d'un chômage persistant
2012
National audience; La discrimination est analysée ici en croisant les perceptions des jeunes avec la réalité de leur insertion sur le marché du travail et de leur parcours d'éducation. Une orientation contrariée en fin de troisième a un impact sur les trajectoires ultérieures, comme l'obtention d'un emploi. Certes, le chômage est lié au niveau d'études, mais les descendants d'immigrés originaires du Maghreb ou d'Afrique subsaharienne y sont surexposés, mettant en relief une discrimination à l'embauche, discrimination vivement ressentie par les jeunes eux-mêmes.
Selective downregulation of the MDR1 gene product in Caco-2 cells by stable transfection to prove its relevance in secretory drug transport.
2005
Considerable interest is focused on overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer chemotherapy. The in vitro experiments to characterize P-glycoprotein's (P-gp) function and to decrease its effects have led to a variety of strategies such as addition of competitors or supplementation of the medium with oligonucleotides complementary to the 5'-end of the MDR1-mRNA. For the Caco-2 cell line, an in vitro model for absorption screening, expressing multiple transporters including P-gp, which pumps substances back into the apical solution, P-gp activity might mask other relevant transport proteins' activity. The objective of the present study was to construct a Caco-2 subline with reduced P-gp …