Search results for "institutions."
showing 10 items of 331 documents
Exploring citizens' legitimacy judgments about governmental refugee policies
2017
Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on saada tietoa siitä, miten nuoret, korkeakoulutetut suomalaiset muodostavat legitimiteettiarvioitaan Suomen hallituksen pakolaispolitiikasta. Tutkimus on osa kansainvälistä tutkimushanketta, joka toteutettiin Suomessa, Saksassa ja Espanjassa. Työn teoreettinen viitekehys on legitimiteettiteoriassa ja erityisesti Suchmanin (1995) neljässä legitimiteetin alatyypissä. Tutkimusmetodeina käytetään fokusryhmätutkimusta, Q-metodia ja teoriaohjaavaa sisällönanalyysia. Tulokset osoittavat luottamusta hallituksen toimia kohtaan pakolaiskriisissä. Tämän tutkimuksen perusteella Suomen hallitukselle myönnetään legitimiteetti sen pohjalta, miten hallit…
Are competitiveness rankings and institutional measures helping emerging economies to improve?
2022
Purpose – Based on the rankings of the global competitiveness index and the fragile states index, this paper aims to suggest alternative approaches to shed some light on the effectiveness of rankings in helping emerging economies improve their competitiveness from an institutional standpoint. Design/methodology/approach – The statistical analysis consisted of a two-stage analysis; the first stage consisted of constructing an updated Alternative Institutional Quality Index (AIQI), intending to design a comparative measure between dimensions over time. The second stage consisted of evidencing the structure of each of the observed dimensions' variance to evidence the existing changes or gaps o…
Political Yardstick Competition and Corporate Governance in the European Union
2006
http://www.dur.ac.uk/john.ashworth/EPCS/Papers_and_Authors.php; The question whether regulatory competition in the area of company law could take place in the European Union (EU) in a way similar to the form it takes in the United States (the Delaware phenomenon) is topical because of some recent judgments of the European Court of Justice (Centros) and documents and projects produced by the European Commission. That question is typically discussed, however, as if voters did not count and as if competition among governments was exclusively based on the mobility of firms across jurisdictions. But intergovernmental competition can also take the form of yardstick, or relative performance, compe…
Megacities without Global Functions.
2007
Present urban evolution is characterized by two major phenomena. On the one hand, the number of very large cities, the megacities, increases dramatically, especially in the less developed countries (LDCs). On the other hand, globalization leads to the emergence of cities coordinating complex and global economic activities, the global cities, especially in the more developed countries (MDCs). So, the two phenomena are diverging. A number of megacities do not exhibit any global function.The global performances of megacities are well correlated with their degree of economic development. But it is worth wondering why economic underdevelopment is consistent with urban growth but not with city gl…
Starptautiskās izglītības salīdzinājums studentiem ES un Indijas piedāvājumos: izmaksu kvalitātes analīze
2018
Šajā globalizācijas laikmetā vispasaules augstākās izglītības sistēma ir piedzīvojusi nemainīgas pārmaiņas, tautsaimniecība ir atvērta ne tikai tirdzniecības priekšrocībām, bet arī izglītības nozarēs ir notikusi lielāka liberalizācija. Eiropā un Indijā pasaulē ir vecākās izglītības sistēmas, un pašreizējā scenārijā tās pārvērtē augstāko izglītību attiecībā uz izmaksām, kvalitāti un piekļuvi. Izglītība šīm abām valstīm ir bijusi viena no galvenajām prioritātēm, un valsts augstskolas ir pazīstamas ar kvalitāti un izmaksu garantiju, ar nelielām atšķirībām starp tām, tāpēc tiek mēģināts veikt salīdzinošu pētījumu. Bet ir daži faktori, kas ietekmē indivīda lēmumu pieņemšanu, izvēloties viņu vēla…
How Do Institutions Affect Structural Unemployment in Times of Crises?
2012
This paper examines the effect of economic crises on structural unemployment using an Autoregressive Distributed Lags model and accounting for the role of institutional settings on an unbalanced panel of 30 OECD economies from 1960 to 2006. We found that downturns have, on average, a significant positive impact on the level of structural unemployment rate. The maximum impact varies with the severity of the downturn. Institutions (such as employment protection legislation, average replacement ratio and product market regulation) influence both the extent of the initial shock and the adjustment pattern in the aftermath of an economic downturn.
The politics of space in Borana Oromo, Ethiopia: demographics, elections, identity and customary institutions
2010
This article addresses the protracted state of political violence in and around the Borana and Guji zones of Oromia region after the introduction of ethnic federalism in Ethiopia. To account for the persistence of the conflict, we must elaborate on the connections between ethnic identity, natural resource and customary institutions by introducing the notion of oprimary identityo. Since the turn of the millennium there is in Ethiopia a theoretically grounded attempt to co-opt customary institutions and elders into modern governance, particularly in the pastoral sector. Field-research focused on the interplay of customary and modern politics during two electoral events, the 2004 referendum or…
Recognition and democracy – An introduction
2016
This is an introduction to a special issue on recognition and democracy. We outline the constitutive and enabling relations between democracy and recognition. We distinguish between pre-political and political forms of identity and recognition, between horizontal and vertical forms of recognition, and between democratic and other ways or arranging the vertical and horizontal aspects of political life. We also distinguish between the roles of a subject and a co-author of law. The intruduction also includes an overview of the individual articles in this special issue. The issue tries to fill some theoretical gaps in theories of democracy and recognition, with a special emphasis on feminist p…
La memoria de los verdugos de 1936 y la cultura de la impuni(bili)dad en la democracia posfranquista
2020
UIDB/04666/2020 UIDP/04666/2020 Este texto se interesa por los efectos de la producción académica sobre la construcción social del victimario, y se centra en el caso de los victimarios de la guerra española de 1936 y su estatus en la cultura de la democracia posfranquista. Escoge dos obras de especialistas dirigidas al público amplio y rastrea a partir de ellas cómo el tratamiento de los victimarios se encuentra predefinido por un marco que exonera de partida a determinados posibles perpetradores al figurar en la nómina de intelectuales y artistas que conforman el canon cultural del siglo XX. El enfoque alternativo que propone consiste en combinar una hermenéutica de los testimonios de posi…
Entrepreneurship Training and Self-Employment among University Graduates
2012
In economies characterized by low labor demand and high rates of youth unemployment, entrepreneurship training has the potential to enable youth to gain skills and create their own jobs. This paper presents experimental evidence on a new entrepreneurship track that provides business training and personalized coaching to university students in Tunisia. Undergraduates in the final year of licence appliquee were given the opportunity to graduate with a business plan instead of following the standard curriculum. This paper relies on randomized assignment of the entrepreneurship track to identify impacts on labor market outcomes one year after graduation. The analysis finds that the entrepreneur…