Search results for "integrated"
showing 10 items of 1783 documents
Role of modeling uncertainty in the estimation of climate and socioeconomic impact on river water quality. J. of Water Resources Planning and Managem…
2012
Climate is one of the most important factors leading to changes in the hydrologic and environmental characteristics of river basins. When considering water quality, the natural factors should be weighed against anthropogenic factors (such as urbanization, increased population, and higher water demand) that may increase or decrease the effect of climatic modifications. Any prediction of future climatic and anthropogenic scenarios is affected by uncertainty and the modelling tools that are used for evaluating their impact on receiving water bodies. The present paper is aimed at investigating the complexity of such analyses and the uncertainty related to future impact predictions based on limi…
Theoretics and Methodology
2016
Since 2000 in Europe an integrated management framework has been developed to innovate exploitation and safeguard of water resources. In this context the EU Water Framework Directive has identified the hydrographic basin as the optimal territorial unit for promoting new participatory policies, based both on the interaction of stakeholders and the coordination of sectorial instruments. In this scenario, river contracts assumed a strategic role both in addressing these purposes and supporting the dialogue and integration between interests of public and private stakeholders. This chapter illustrates the theoretical and methodological framework, and the comparative approach on which the researc…
A New Planar Microstrip Resonator for Microwave Circuits: The Quasi-Fractal Microstrip Resonator
1999
a new shape for microwave planar circuits using the self-similarity of the fractal geometry is presented. This new shape allows the generation of numerous resonant frequencies for this microwave planar resonator due to the surfaces encasilng. The resonant frequency assessment can be useful to concept specific filters or wide frequency band matching loads as examples, without consuming circuit surface.
An electrical current smart transducer based on PSoC platform and integrated spin-valve sensor with embedded thin film Ruthenium temperature sensor
2011
This work presents an intelligent electrical current sensor that combines a programmable system on chip (PSoC) with a microfabrication of a giant magnetoresistance sensor (GMR) and resistive temperature detector (RTD). Four spin-valve GMR elements configured in a Wheatstone bridge sense the electrical current, while a thin film RTD based on Ruthenium measures the temperature for spin-valve bridge sensitivity thermal compensation. The mixed signal PSoC allows implement in a single chip all electronic circuits needed to design a smart transducer: the spin-valve biasing, conditioning signal, analog to digital converter, digital signal processing and ports for communications. In the experimenta…
Power monitoring in dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguides with internal Wheatstone bridges
2013
We report on monitoring the mode power in dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides (DLSPPWs) by measuring the resistance of gold electrodes, supporting the DLSPPW mode propagation, with internal (on-chip) Wheatstone bridges. The investigated DLSPPW configuration consisted of 1-μm-thick and 10-μm-wide cycloaliphatic acrylate polymer ridges tapered laterally to a 1-μm-wide ridge placed on a 50-nm-thin and 4-um wide gold stripe, all supported by a ~1.7-µm-thick Cytop layer deposited on a Si wafer. The fabricated DLSPPW power monitors were characterized at telecom wavelengths, showing very high responsivities reaching up to ~6.4 μV/μW (for a bias voltage of 245 mV) and the operati…
The circular economy model in the socio-economic systems of the wood industry : the case of the Tomsk oblast
2021
Using the Circular Economy (CE) model appears to be today a means more and more employed by organizations and public policies to overcome the problem of waste and bring it to a new stage of progress: the one of sustainability. If the issue of diagnosis and the need for a transition to CE is generally no longer discussed, the question of its implementation is all the more so, especially in Russia. Depending on the type of economic sector and the territory considered, an CE strategy cannot be viewed in the same way. Whether in terms of natural resources, labour or capital, different economic factors are brought to interfere in the search for circularity and sustainability. The objective of th…
Process intensification in a photocatalytic membrane reactor: Analysis of the techniques to integrate reaction and separation
2017
Abstract Different methods to integrate reaction and separation in a membrane reactor are studied in the present work, with the aim being to highlight the pros and cons of the different alternatives and the effects of the intervening parameters. The coupling of the two processes can take place inside a single apparatus or using separate units. If a single apparatus is utilized, the coupling is more direct, but separate units offer higher degrees of freedom for the design with more opportunities to optimize the system without constraints. However, when using separate units, the integration of the two unit operations depends largely on the parameters intervening in the coupling procedure. The…
Critical Influence of Dielectric Sensitive Material and Manufactured Process in Microwave Gas-Sensing: Application of Ammonia Detection with an Inter…
2020
In this paper, authors propose a study on microwave gas sensors and the influence of critical key parameters such as the sensitive material and the circuit conception process. This work aims to determine the influence of these parameters on the quality of the final response of the microwave gas sensor. The fixed geometry of the sensor is a microstrip interdigital capacitor coated with a sensitive layer excited with two 50 Ω SMA ports. The sensitive material has been chosen in order to interact with the target gas: ammonia. Indeed, this gas interacts with phthalocyanine and metal oxides like hematite, TiO2. To explore the effect of the circuit manufacturing process, three series of samples a…
The IXO Wide-Field Imager
2010
The Wide Field Imager (WFI) of the International X-ray Observatory (IXO) is an X-ray imaging spectrometer based on a large monolithic DePFET (Depleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor) Active Pixel Sensor. Filling an area of 10 × 10 cm² with a format of 1024 × 1024 pixels it will cover a field of view of 18 arcmin. The pixel size of 100 × 100 μm² corresponds to a fivefold oversampling of the telescope's expected 5 arcsec point spread function. The WFI's basic DePFET structure combines the functionalities of sensor and integrated amplifier with nearly Fano-limited energy resolution and high efficiency from 100 eV to 15 keV. The development of dedicated control and amplifier ASICs allows for…
The wide-field imager for IXO: status and future activities
2010
The Wide Field Imager (WFI) of the International X-ray Observatory (IXO) is an X-ray imaging spectrometer based on a large monolithic DePFET (Depleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor) Active Pixel Sensor. Filling an area of 10 x 10 cm2 with a format of 1024 x 1024 pixels it will cover a field of view of 18 arcmin. The pixel size of 100 x 100 μm2 corresponds to a fivefold oversampling of the telescope's expected 5 arcsec point spread function. The WFI's basic DePFET structure combines the functionalities of sensor and integrated amplifier with nearly Fano-limited energy resolution and high efficiency from 100 eV to 15 keV. The development of dedicated control and amplifier ASICs allows for…