Search results for "intensity"

showing 10 items of 1091 documents

Squeezing the Optical Near-Field Zone by Plasmon Coupling of Metallic Nanoparticles

1999

We report on the experimental observation of near-field optical effects close to Au nanoparticles using a photon scanning tunneling microscope (PSTM). Constant height operation of the PSTM allowed an unprecedented direct comparison with theoretical computations of the distribution of the optical near-field intensity. An unexpected squeezing of the optical near field due to plasmon coupling was observed above a chain of Au nanoparticles.

PhotonMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanoparticleNear and far fieldMolecular physicslaw.inventionOpticslawPlasmon couplingScanning tunneling microscopebusinessMetal nanoparticlesIntensity (heat transfer)Physical Review Letters
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Investigation of correction factors for non-reference conditions in ion chamber photon dosimetry with Monte-Carlo simulations.

2009

Current dosimetry protocols require geometrical reference conditions for the determination of absorbed dose in external radiotherapy. Whenever these geometrical conditions cannot be maintained the application of additional corrections becomes necessary, in principle. The current DIN6800-2 protocol includes a corresponding factor k(NR), but numerical values are lacking and no definite information about the magnitude of this correction is available yet. This study presents Monte-Carlo based calculations within the 6 MV-X photon field of a linear accelerator for a common used ion chamber (PTW31010) employing the EGSnrc code system. The linear accelerator model was matched to measurements, show…

PhotonMonte Carlo methodBiophysicsRadiation DosageLinear particle acceleratorlaw.inventionIonlawDosimetryHumansScattering RadiationRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingPhysicsIonsPhotonsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedReproducibility of ResultsWaterParticle acceleratorCharged particleIonization chamberRadiotherapy Intensity-ModulatedAtomic physicsParticle AcceleratorsMonte Carlo MethodAlgorithmsZeitschrift fur medizinische Physik
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The experimental setup of the Interaction in Crystals for Emission of RADiation collaboration at Mainzer Mikrotron: Design, commissioning, and tests

2015

Silicon/germanium flat/bent crystals are thin devices able to efficiently deflect charged particle GeV-energy beams up to a few hundreds of μrad; moreover, high intensity photons can be efficiently produced in the so-called Multi-Volume Reflection (MVR) and Multiple Volume Reflections in One Crystal (MVROC) conditions. In the last years, the research interest in this field has moved to the dynamic studies of light negative leptons in the low energy range: the possibility to deflect negative particles and to produce high intensity γ sources via the coherent interactions with crystals in the sub-GeV energy range has been proved by the ICE-RAD (Interaction in Crystals for Emission of RADiation…

PhotonPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCrystals characterizationsBENT CRYSTALSCoherent interaction; Crystals characterizations; High intensity gamma sources;ScintillatorCoherent interactionVOLUME REFLECTION; CHARGED-PARTICLES; BENT CRYSTALS; SILICON; MICROTRONNOOpticsSILICONInstrumentationPhysicsRange (particle radiation)High intensity gamma sourcesbusiness.industryVOLUME REFLECTIONCharged particleCHARGED-PARTICLESBeamlineGoniometerMICROTRONScintillation counterPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsProfilometerbusiness
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Effect of quantized conductivity on the anomalous photon emission radiated from atomic-size point contacts

2019

We observe anomalous visible to near-infrared electromagnetic radiation emitted from electrically driven atomic-size point contacts. We show that the number of photons released strongly depends on the quantized conductance steps of the contact. Counter-intuitively, the light intensity features an exponential decay dependence with the injected electrical power. We propose an analytical model for the light emission considering an out-of-equilibrium electron distribution. We treat photon emission as bremsstrahlung process resulting from hot electrons colliding with the metal boundary and a find qualitative accord with the experimental data.

PhotonQC1-999FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologybremsstrahlung01 natural sciences7. Clean energyElectromagnetic radiationelectromigrationMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]Electrical and Electronic EngineeringExponential decay010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsquantized conductivityPhysicsBremsstrahlungConductancevisible light emission021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsLight intensityAtomic radiuspoint contactLight emissionAtomic physics0210 nano-technologyOptics (physics.optics)BiotechnologyPhysics - Optics
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Validation of a two-dimensional modeling of an externally irradiated slurry photoreactor

2015

Abstract A two-dimensional model describing the behavior of a batch cylindrical photoreactor has been validated through a series of photocatalytic reactivity runs. The light intensity radiation field produced by 1–6 external UV fluorescent lamps was modeled together with Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetics and 4-nitrophenol (NP) and Degussa P25 TiO 2 were used as the probe molecule and the catalyst, respectively. The experiments were carried out under different conditions of light intensity, photocatalyst amount and substrate concentration. The model parameters were the kinetic constant of substrate adsorption, desorption and degradation and the exponent of the power law expressing the kinetics d…

Photoreactor modeling Externally irradiated photoreactor Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetics Observed rate constantSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaLangmuir-Hinshelwood kineticChemistryRADIANT FIELDGeneral Chemical EngineeringKineticsAnalytical chemistrySubstrate (chemistry)General ChemistryIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringLight intensityAdsorptionDesorptionSlurryPhotocatalysisPhotocatalytic reactor engineeringEnvironmental ChemistryPHOTOCATALYSISIrradiationSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieObserved rate constant
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The Molecular Analysis of the Light Adaptation Reactions in the Yellow‐green Alga Pleurochloris meiringensis (Xanthophyceae)

1988

The xanthophycean alga Pleurochloris meiringensis was homocontinuously cultured under high light (16 W/m2) and low light (2 W/m2) conditions. In low light cells, the chlorophyll a content and the dry weight on per cell basis is increased, the maximal photosynthetic capacity per chlorophyll is decreased. The content of chlorophyll c, vaucheriaxanthin-ester and heteroxanthin is similar in both cultures, whereas the content of diadinoxanthin and s-carotene is twice as high in high light cultures. High light cells contain more photosystem I and cytochrome f per chlorophyll than low light cells, whereas the QB content is found to be unchanged. Therefore, the ratio reaction center II/reaction cen…

Photosynthetic reaction centreChlorophyll achemistry.chemical_compoundLight intensitychemistryChlorophyllDiadinoxanthinChlorophyll cPlant ScienceBiologyPhotochemistryPhotosystem IPhotosystemBotanica Acta
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Comparative study on the quality characteristics of some Egyptian mango cultivars used for food processing

2016

This study aims to investigate the physical, chemical, rheological and sensorial properties of six common mango (Mangifera indica) cultivars in Egypt. These common cultivars were Alfonse, Sedeka, Awis, Sinara, Sukari and Zibdia. Weights of mango fruits ranged between 246.6 and 549.2 g. The highest significant value of sphericity was in Alfonse fruits (0.82), whereas the lowest value was 0.58 in Sinara fruits. The highest firmness value was 29.51 N in Sedeka fruits. The highest elasticity was 1.16 N/mm for Sukari fruits. The significantly color intensity chroma was recorded by Sinara, whereas the highest total color index (ΔE) was 88.41 for Sedeka mango cultivar. The significantly lowest pH …

Physical propertie0106 biological sciencesSoil SciencePlant ScienceHorticulture01 natural sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyMango fruitsRheological propertieRheological propertiesMangiferaFood scienceCultivarQuality characteristicsSensory evaluationPhysical propertiesChemical propertiesChemistrybusiness.industryColor intensity04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesBitter taste040401 food scienceSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeChemical propertieFood processingAnimal Science and ZoologyMango fruitbusinessAgronomy and Crop Science010606 plant biology & botanyFood ScienceAnnals of Agricultural Sciences
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Relative luminosity measurement of the LHC with the ATLAS forward calorimeter

2010

In this paper it is shown that a measurement of the relative luminosity changes at the LHC may be obtained by analysing the currents drawn from the high voltage power supplies of the electromagnetic section of the forward calorimeter of the ATLAS detector. The method was verified with a reproduction of a small section of the ATLAS forward calorimeter using proton beams of known beam energies and variable intensities at the U-70 accelerator at IHEP in Protvino, Russia. The experimental setup and the data taking during a test beam run in April 2008 are described in detail. A comparison of the measured high voltage currents with reference measurements from beam intensity monitors shows a linea…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsProtonPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Atlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicineDetectors and Experimental Techniques010306 general physicsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderLuminosity (scattering theory)Calorimeter (particle physics)010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh voltageInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)medicine.anatomical_structurePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsBeam (structure)Intensity (heat transfer)
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Algebraic approach to vibrational spectra of tetrahedral molecules. First order infrared intensity model.

1995

International audience; The algebraic approach we have proposed to describe the vibrational stretching modes of polyatomic molecules (Leroy and Michelot, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 151, 71–96 (1992); Can. J. Phys. 72, 274–289 (1994)) is applied to the silane molecule for up to seven quanta. We then suggest a form of the dipole operator adapted to the (n000) local states by combining the strength of group theory method with the necessity of a compact formulation.

Physics010304 chemical physics[ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]InfraredOperator (physics)Polyatomic ionVibrational Spectra. Algebraic Approach. Intensity modelTetrahedral molecular geometry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesDipole[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlgebraic numberAtomic physicsSpectroscopyGroup theory[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]
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Decay of24Al and24Almto γ-Ray and α-Particle Emitting States in24Mg

1979

The level structure of 24Mg and decay properties of 129 ms 24Alm and 2.07 s 24Al have been investigated by means of γ-ray and particle spectroscopy. The energy and intensity of the isomeric transition were measured to be 425.8 ± 0.1 keV and (82.5 ± 3.0)%, respectively. The isomer was observed to decay via a super-allowed transition with a log ft value of 3.51 ± 0.04 to its 1+, 9965.2 ± 1.5 keV analog state in 24Mg. In addition, decay to seven particle-emitting levels and four levels depopulated by γ-ray emission were observed. In the decay of 2.07 s 24Al a new delayed α-particle group with an energy 3.04 MeV and three new γ-transitions were observed. More accurate values than those reported…

Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear isomerCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIntensity (physics)0103 physical sciencesLevel structureParticleAtomic physics010306 general physicsSpectroscopyα particlesMathematical PhysicsExcitationPhysica Scripta
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