Search results for "interface"
showing 10 items of 2139 documents
Numerical modelling of the electrochemical behaviour of 316 stainless steel based upon static and dynamic experimental microcapillary-based technique…
2008
objective of this work was to determine the parameters that affect the mass transport and the distribution of species in microcapillaries close to the specimen surface. Local experiments were carried out under static and flow conditions on type 316L stainless steel in 1.7 M NaCl, pH = 3, by means of the electrochemical microcell and the scanning droplet cell technique. The polarisation behaviour of pure iron (used as a model system) in an aqueous environment was calculated adopting a finite element approach and was compared to the experimental results. The corrosion system consists of three parallel electrochemical reactions: the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the hydrogen evolution react…
A thermodynamically consistent cohesive-frictional interface model for mixed mode delamination
2016
Abstract A new interface constitutive model based on damage mechanics and frictional plasticity is presented. The model is thermodynamically consistent, it is able to accurately reproduce arbitrary mixed mode debonding conditions and it is proved that the separation work is always bounded between the fracture energy in mode I and the fracture energy in mode II. Analytical results are given for proportional loading paths and for two non-proportional loading paths, confirming the correct behavior of the model for complex loading histories. Numerical and analytical solutions are compared for three classical delamination tests and frictional effects on 4ENF are also considered.
Grand-canonical approach to density functional theory of electrocatalytic systems: Thermodynamics of solid-liquid interfaces at constant ion and elec…
2018
Properties of solid-liquid interfaces are of immense importance for electrocatalytic and electrochemical systems, but modeling such interfaces at the atomic level presents a serious challenge and approaches beyond standard methodologies are needed. An atomistic computational scheme needs to treat at least part of the system quantum mechanically to describe adsorption and reactions, while the entire system is in thermal equilibrium. The experimentally relevant macroscopic control variables are temperature, electrode potential, and the choice of the solvent and ions, and these need to be explicitly included in the computational model as well; this calls for a thermodynamic ensemble with fixed…
User-centred Design of the User Interface of a Collaborative Information System for Inter-municipal Dementia Team
2015
In the Norwegian Health sector there are currently undergoing changes at local, regional and national level triggered by recent health reforms. Municipalities are facing for first time the duty of implementing new primary health services. Inter-municipal coordination (IMC) health care teams have been created to operate across borders to share costs, extend geographical range of operation and optimise resources. This study focuses on the development and evaluation of the user interface (UI) functional prototype of a collaborative information system for IMC dementia team in Norway. Employing a user-centred design approach, the interface prototype was built based on the information gathered on…
Similarity Mashups for Recommendation
2013
Recommendation systems are becoming a state of the art for web-based systems as they produce additional product exposure and customer satisfaction. The Semantic Web and mashups can improve recommendation systems and provide new ways for their creation. In the web it is possible to analyze product descriptions and to use Linked Data for characterizing the similarity of objects or of objects and user interests. In this chapter, we give a brief overview of existing technical approaches and tools for creating recommendation systems that can be used to create mashups as recommendation systems.
Meeting others—supporting situation awareness on the WWW
2001
Abstract World Wide Web (WWW) techniques provide a simple interface, which is accessible almost everywhere. The WWW supports document sharing and information retrieval, but has no tools for direct user interaction, simply because the mechanisms to support user awareness are missing. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we present general concepts of situation awareness, which concerns the user interaction on the WWW platform, and a theoretical framework, which is used in examining existing awareness support systems. Second, we provide an analysis of PeopleAwarenessEngine, which supports situation awareness and enables user communication and collaboration on the WWW.
User requirements and resource control for cooperative multimedia applications
1997
The spread of distributed multimedia applications is setting forth a new set of challenges in the management of host and network resources for guaranteeing Quality of Service (QoS). When the multimedia applications compete for resources as in the case of a cooperative multimedia environment, the management task becomes even more difficult. In this work, we first discuss QoS for multimedia applications. We then present the architectural and implementation details of a Cooperative Multimedia Environment (CME) made up of Cooperative Multimedia Applications (COMMA), one for each user. A COMMA presents a user with a single interface that allows him to invite other users to a cooperative session,…
You’ve Got Photos! The design and evaluation of a location-based media-sharing application
2008
PhotoJournal is a novel location-based media sharing appli- cation that enables users to build interactive journals that associate multimedia files with locations on maps and share this information with other users. Its underlying informa- tion discovery and sharing mechanism is 7DS that runs in either pure peer-to-peer or centralized server-to-client mode, depending on the availability of a server and/or an infras- tructure. 7DS-enabled devices act as miniature caches, shar- ing information with each other. When access to an informa- tion server (e.g., web server) is not available, the local 7DS instance running on the device enables the device to search and access information from other p…
Polystyrene nanoparticle-templated hollow titania nanosphere monolayers as ordered scaffolds
2018
We report a novel multi-step method for the preparation of ordered mesoporous titania scaffolds and show an illustrative example of their application to solar cells. The method is based on (monolayer) colloidal nanosphere lithography that makes use of polystyrene nanoparticles organised at a water–air interface and subsequently transferred onto a solid substrate. A titania precursor solution (titanium(IV) isopropoxide in ethanol) is then drop-cast onto the monolayer and left to “incubate” overnight. Surprisingly, instead of the expected inverse monolayer-structure, a subsequent calcination step of the precursor yields an ordered monolayer of hollow titania nanospheres with a wall thickness …
Microanalysis of the surfaces of natural iron-based minerals by means of synchrotron radiation based experimental techniques
2001
We investigated the surfaces of natural iron-based minerals that are magnetite, hematite, goethite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, bornite and vivianite, using synchrotron radiation based techniques. Most iron chalkogenides are very suitable for photoemission microscopy studies due to their low resistivity, which prevents from surface charging. The local compositions were studied employing photoemission microscopy in combination with X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Imaging of the sample in the near-edge region of the absorption edges was used to visualise the spatial distributions of the chemical phases on the surface. Distributions of trace elements are imaged with high chemical and late…