Search results for "interfaces"
showing 10 items of 1258 documents
A surface EXAFS study of thin nickel deposits on (110) TiO2 surfaces
1997
Abstract The first stages of nickel deposition on a clean (110) TiO 2 surface were studied using surface extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS). Experiments were performed on two kinds of nickel deposits, one of 0.8 equivalent monolayers and another of 1.6 equivalent monolayers. Depositions were performed on well characterized TiO 2 (110)-p(1 × 1) surfaces. The correlation of Auger experiments with EXAFS results showed that no islands were present on the surface; only two-dimensional growth of nickel was observed. Moreover, it was shown, in the case of the thinner deposit, that a model with nickel atoms forming chains in the channels determined by oxygen atoms on the surface is co…
Determination of the Absolute Density of Fe3+ and Ni2+ Ions in Langmuir-Blodgett Films
1996
By means of the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) technique, mono- and multilayers of Ni2+ and Fe3+ containing fatty acid salts are transferred onto silicon wafers. After thermal treatment, oxidic layers can be produced. The absolute amounts of Fe3+ and Ni2+ ions per monolayer of LB film were measured and calculated by three different methods. In the case of nickel, the amount expected from theory and preparation conditions was obtained experimentally. In contrast, about twice the number of Fe3+ ions as expected is transferred. An explanation can be given by the presence of hydroxide groups bound to iron. The mean film thickness of the oxidic layers after thermal treatment was estimated where the thic…
Monte Carlo Simulations of Parallel Charged Platelets as an Approach to Tactoid Formation in Clay
2013
The free energy of interaction between parallel charged platelets with divalent counterions has been calculated using Monte Carlo simulations to investigate the electrostatic effects on aggregation. The platelets are primarily intended to represent clay particles. With divalent counterions, the free energy for two platelets or two tactoids (clusters of parallel platelets) shows a minimum at a short separation due to the attraction caused by ion-ion correlations. In a salt-free system, the free energy of interaction has a long-range repulsive tail beyond the minimum. The repulsion increases for tactoids with larger aggregation numbers, whereas the depth of the free-energy minimum is graduall…
Analyse semio-ergonomique d'interfaces multimédias
2002
Communication affichée; National audience; Cet article présente une démarche visant à combiner les méthodes d'analyses de produits multimédia utilisées dans deux champs différents : la sémiologie et l'ergonomie. Ces méthodes complémentaires donnent des résultat dans trois principales directions d'analyse. La capacité fonctionnelle du produit, sa facilité d'utilisation et son esthétique. Dans ce contexte, des méthodes d'analyse des signes qui composent les message permettent d'évoquer des hypothèses qui sont validées ou non à l'aide des méthodes d'observation en situation.
Editors' Foreword:Interfaces: Crossing Borders: Appropriations and Collaborations
2017
International audience
Sémiotique des interfaces : la promesse du flat design
2015
International audience; Popularisé par l'informatique, le concept d'interface a connu une extension considérable dans le domaine des sciences de la communication où il désigne tout dispositif favorisant l'échange et l'interaction entre différents actants (personnes, systèmes, objets, etc.) ; l'interface 1 n'est rien d'autre, en fait, que la face opérationnelle du canal de Shannon, le passage obligé de tout processus de communication et particulièrement de médiation puisqu'il s'agit alors d'introduire de la continuité entre deux systèmes aux propriétés différentes, de briser cette frontière commune à deux domaines : plus les éléments à apparier sont hétérogènes ou complexes, plus le rôle de …
Photoinduced Electron Transfer in a Porphyrin-Fullerene Dyad at a Liquid Interface
2022
The excited-state properties of an amphiphilic porphyrin–fullerene dyad and of its porphyrin analogue adsorbed at the dodecane/water interface are investigated by using surface second-harmonic generation. Although the porphyrin is formally centrosymmetric, the second-harmonic spectra of both compounds are dominated by the intense Soret band of the porphyrin. Polarization-selective measurements and molecular dynamics simulations suggest an angle of about 45° between the donor–acceptor axis and the interfacial plane, with the porphyrin interacting mostly with the nonpolar phase. Time-resolved measurements reveal a marked concentration dependence of the dynamics of both compounds upon Q-band e…
Tribological properties of thin films made by atomic layer deposition sliding against silicon
2018
Interfacial phenomena, such as adhesion, friction, and wear, can dominate the performance and reliability of microelectromechanical (MEMS) devices. Here, thin films made by atomic layer deposition (ALD) were tested for their tribological properties. Tribological tests were carried out with silicon counterpart sliding against ALD thin films in order to simulate the contacts occurring in the MEMS devices. The counterpart was sliding in a linear reciprocating motion against the ALD films with the total sliding distances of 5 and 20 m. Al2O3 and TiO2 coatings with different deposition temperatures were investigated in addition to Al2O3-TiO2-nanolaminate, TiN, NbN, TiAlCN, a-C:H [diamondlike car…
How Hand Gestures Contribute to Action Ascription
2019
This article investigates the embodied achievement of intersubjectivity by analyzing depictive gestures that are produced during the final components of the ongoing verbal TCU and extended into the following turn transition space. The depictive gestures in focus elaborate the TCUs by providing additional information on the verbal content of the turn. They may, for example, provide a visual representation of an action that is referred to in the verbal TCU, depict details that are not referred to in talk, or perform bodily enactments that model projected next actions. The analysis demonstrates that timed in this way, the gestures contribute to the multimodal action package that they are part …
Recent climate change affecting rainstorm occurrences? A case study in East China
2008
The paper aims to investigate the occurrences of rainstorms and their relationship with the climate change scenario. The study period under investigation refers to the period of greatest recent warming between 1976–2000 whereas the study area covers China east of 105 E longitude. This region is commonly considered to be controlled by the monsoon type of climate over East Asia. <br><br> Positive (increasing) trends of rainstorm occurrences, both in annual and summer respects, have been shown for subtropical China whereas a non-uniform picture is associated with temperate China. The increase of rainstorms in subtropical China corresponds with an increasing trend of precipitation. …