Search results for "interpretatio."

showing 10 items of 1068 documents

The classical concept of mass: theoretical difficulties and students’ definitions

1993

An analysis of the concepts of mass in classical physics on the basis of their historical, philosophical and semantic connotations is given. A classification of the most current definitions of mass is proposed from its physical representation and topic area. The definitions of mass, and some related issues, given by several groups of secondary school students are analysed. The results seem to confirm a generalized qualitative‐teleological view of scientific concepts in contrast to the more orthodox formal‐quantitative formulation of physics.

ComprehensionSecondary educationInterpretation (philosophy)Physical scienceMathematics educationContrast (statistics)Representation (arts)PsychologyScience educationClassical physicsEducationInternational Journal of Science Education
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Perceptual adaptive insensitivity for support vector machine image coding.

2005

Support vector machine (SVM) learning has been recently proposed for image compression in the frequency domain using a constant epsilon-insensitivity zone by Robinson and Kecman. However, according to the statistical properties of natural images and the properties of human perception, a constant insensitivity makes sense in the spatial domain but it is certainly not a good option in a frequency domain. In fact, in their approach, they made a fixed low-pass assumption as the number of discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients to be used in the training was limited. This paper extends the work of Robinson and Kecman by proposing the use of adaptive insensitivity SVMs [2] for image coding u…

Computer Networks and CommunicationsImage processingPattern Recognition AutomatedArtificial IntelligenceDistortionImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedDiscrete cosine transformComputer SimulationMathematicsModels StatisticalArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryPattern recognitionSignal Processing Computer-AssistedGeneral MedicineData CompressionComputer Science ApplicationsSupport vector machineFrequency domainVisual PerceptionA priori and a posterioriArtificial intelligencebusinessSoftwareAlgorithmsImage compressionIEEE transactions on neural networks
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Kernel manifold alignment for domain adaptation

2016

The wealth of sensory data coming from different modalities has opened numerous opportu- nities for data analysis. The data are of increasing volume, complexity and dimensionality, thus calling for new methodological innovations towards multimodal data processing. How- ever, multimodal architectures must rely on models able to adapt to changes in the data dis- tribution. Differences in the density functions can be due to changes in acquisition conditions (pose, illumination), sensors characteristics (number of channels, resolution) or different views (e.g. street level vs. aerial views of a same building). We call these different acquisition modes domains, and refer to the adaptation proble…

Computer and Information SciencesKernel FunctionsInformation Storage and RetrievalSocial Scienceslcsh:Medicine1100 General Agricultural and Biological SciencesResearch and Analysis MethodsInfographicsTopologyPattern Recognition AutomatedKernel MethodsCognitionLearning and MemoryMemory1300 General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedData MiningHumansPsychologyLife Science910 Geography & travelOperator TheoryManifoldslcsh:ScienceObject Recognition1000 MultidisciplinaryApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingData Visualizationlcsh:RCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesEigenvaluesFacial ExpressionAlgebra10122 Institute of GeographyLinear AlgebraData Interpretation StatisticalPhysical SciencesCognitive SciencePerceptionlcsh:QEigenvectorsGraphsAlgorithmsMathematicsResearch ArticleNeuroscience
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Interaction with Information Graphics: A Content-Based Approach

2009

Understanding information graphics rely on thought process of graphics' reader, and thinking has the most important role in interpretation and exploitation. We are interested in the cognitive mechanisms underlying interaction with information graphics. In this study, we studied those cognitive processes which are employed when interacting with information graphics. Based on these experiments, we have separated four different types of thought processes which occur during the interactions with information graphics. We propose that these thought processes are apperception, restructuring, reflection and construction.

Computer graphicsProcess (engineering)Human–computer interactionComputer scienceInterpretation (philosophy)Information systemCognitionGraphicsReflection (computer graphics)Apperception2009 Second International Conferences on Advances in Computer-Human Interactions
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Power estimation for non-standardized multisite studies

2016

A concern for researchers planning multisite studies is that scanner and T1-weighted sequence-related biases on regional volumes could overshadow true effects, especially for studies with a heterogeneous set of scanners and sequences. Current approaches attempt to harmonize data by standardizing hardware, pulse sequences, and protocols, or by calibrating across sites using phantom-based corrections to ensure the same raw image intensities. We propose to avoid harmonization and phantom-based correction entirely. We hypothesized that the bias of estimated regional volumes is scaled between sites due to the contrast and gradient distortion differences between scanners and sequences. Given this…

Computer scienceCognitive Neurosciencecomputer.software_genreSensitivity and Specificity050105 experimental psychologyImaging phantomArticleSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDistortionImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedCalibrationmedicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSegmentationComputer Simulation10. No inequalityScalingModels Statisticalmedicine.diagnostic_test05 social sciencesContrast (statistics)BrainReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingEquipment DesignScale factorImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingUnited StatesEquipment Failure AnalysisEuropeNeurologyOrdinary least squaresData miningFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous SystemArtifactscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithms
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Automatic skull stripping in MRI based on morphological filters and fuzzy c-means segmentation

2012

In this paper a new automatic skull stripping method for T1-weighted MR image of human brain is presented. Skull stripping is a process that allows to separate the brain from the rest of tissues. The proposed method is based on a 2D brain extraction making use of fuzzy c-means segmentation and morphological operators applied on transversal slices. The approach is extended to the 3D case, taking into account the result obtained from the preceding slice to solve the organ splitting problem. The proposed approach is compared with BET (Brain Extraction Tool) implemented in MRIcro software.

Computer scienceComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONSensitivity and SpecificityFuzzy logicPattern Recognition AutomatedFuzzy LogicImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansSegmentationComputer visionSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazionimedicine.diagnostic_testSkull Stripping Fuzzy C-means Morphological Filters.business.industrySkullProcess (computing)BrainReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingImage segmentationImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingSubtraction TechniquePattern recognition (psychology)Skull strippingArtificial intelligenceMr imagesbusinessAlgorithms2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
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Semi-automated evaluation tool for retinal vasculopathy.

2009

The ocular fundus is the only area of human body where vascular system is visible using relatively simple instrumentation. Furthermore, there is medical suggestive evidence of a direct relationship between certain measures of vascular characteristics in the ocular fundus (arteriolar and venular calibers and focal arteriolar narrowing) and cardiovascular diseases. In order to establish such relationship on sound statistical basis a method must be provided to measure the needed values in an easy, yet precise and repeatable way. This paper presents a system to assist physicians in signaling and storing the data associated to signs of vascular deterioration and vascular calibers in non-mydriati…

Computer scienceHealth InformaticsFundus (eye)Sensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedUser-Computer InterfaceRetinal DiseasesArtificial IntelligenceImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicinePhotographyHumansComputer visionInstrumentation (computer programming)Vascular DiseasesRetinoscopymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPhotographyReproducibility of ResultsRetinal Vesselseye diseasesComputer Science ApplicationsRetinal vasculopathyArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsSoftwareRetinoscopyComputer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Computational issues in fitting joint frailty models for recurrent events with an associated terminal event.

2020

Abstract Background and objective: Joint frailty regression models are intended for the analysis of recurrent event times in the presence of informative drop-outs. They have been proposed for clinical trials to estimate the effect of some treatment on the rate of recurrent heart failure hospitalisations in the presence of drop-outs due to cardiovascular death. Whereas a R-software-package for fitting joint frailty models is available, some technical issues have to be solved in order to use SASⓇ 1 software, which is required in the regulatory environment of clinical trials. Methods: First, we demonstrate how to solve these issues by deriving proper likelihood-decompositions, in particular fo…

Computer scienceHealth InformaticsMachine learningcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLinear regressionHumansComputer SimulationEvent (probability theory)ProbabilityProportional Hazards ModelsHeart FailureLikelihood FunctionsFrailtybusiness.industryModels CardiovascularReproducibility of ResultsRegression analysisConfidence intervalComputer Science ApplicationsHospitalizationTransformation (function)Data Interpretation StatisticalMultivariate AnalysisArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsSoftwareComputer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Bias artifact suppression on MR volumes.

2007

RF-Inhomogeneity correction is a relevant research topic in the field of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A volume corrupted by this artifact exhibits nonuni- form illumination both inside a single slice and between adjacent ones. In this work a bias correction technique is presented, which suppresses this artifact on MR vol- umes scanned from different body parts without any a-priori hypothesis on the artifact model. Theoretical foundations of the method are reported together with experimental results and a comparison is presented with both the 2D version of the algorithm and other techniques that are widely used in MRI literature.

Computer scienceHealth InformaticsSensitivity and SpecificityImaging Three-DimensionalBiasImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineComputer visionRF-Inhomogeneity Bias Artifact Illumination correction MR Image Homomorphic filterSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniArtifact (error)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingComputer Science ApplicationsArtifact suppressionArtificial intelligenceMr imagesbusinessArtifactsSoftwareAlgorithmsVolume (compression)Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
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Image Inpainting Methods Evaluation and Improvement

2014

With the upgrowing of digital processing of images and film archiving, the need for assisted or unsupervised restoration required the development of a series of methods and techniques. Among them, image inpainting is maybe the most impressive and useful. Based on partial derivative equations or texture synthesis, many other hybrid techniques have been proposed recently. The need for an analytical comparison, beside the visual one, urged us to perform the studies shown in the present paper. Starting with an overview of the domain, an evaluation of the five methods was performed using a common benchmark and measuring the PSNR. Conclusions regarding the performance of the investigated algorith…

Computer scienceInpaintinglcsh:MedicineImage processingReview Articlelcsh:TechnologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyDomain (software engineering)Image (mathematics)Pattern Recognition AutomatedDigital image processingImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedImage Processing Computer-AssistedComputer visionlcsh:ScienceGeneral Environmental Sciencebusiness.industrylcsh:Tlcsh:RGeneral MedicineBenchmark (computing)Partial derivativelcsh:QArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsTexture synthesisThe Scientific World Journal
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