Search results for "intuition"
showing 10 items of 65 documents
Amount of nonconstructivity in deterministic finite automata
2010
AbstractWhen D. Hilbert used nonconstructive methods in his famous paper on invariants (1888), P. Gordan tried to prevent the publication of this paper considering these methods as non-mathematical. L.E.J. Brouwer in the early twentieth century initiated intuitionist movement in mathematics. His slogan was “nonconstructive arguments have no value for mathematics”. However, P. Erdös got many exciting results in discrete mathematics by nonconstructive methods. It is widely believed that these results either cannot be proved by constructive methods or the proofs would have been prohibitively complicated. The author (Freivalds, 2008) [10] showed that nonconstructive methods in coding theory are…
Aspects of “Anschauung” in the Work of Felix Klein
2018
Aimed at modernizing the teaching of mathematics at German secondary schools around 1900, The “Kleinian Reform Movement” was characterized by Felix Klein’s two key demands: “strengthening spatial intuition” and “training the habit of functional reasoning”. This paper presents a number of examples demonstrating the importance of the concept of intuition (Anschauung) for Klein and explains the role he assigned to intuition in mathematics instruction at school and university.
Intuition and meaning. The Husserlian doctrine of intuitive sense in the contemporary field of reflection
1999
Intuition, verstanden als analoge, nicht-diskursive Darstellungsweise, ist bei Husserl seit jeher klar vom symbolischen Denken in der Sprachproduktion abgegrenzt. Anfänglich abhängig vom symbolischen Denken, das bis zu den Logische Untersuchungen als einziges Sinnvehikel erscheint, gewinnt die Intuition aus Ideen allmählich einen Grundwert und eine Autonomie des Funktionierens und wird zum Ort der Wahl einer bestimmten Bedeutung. Daher wird eine Theorie der intuitiven Sinn konstruiert, die vom Fregeenschen Bedeutungsmodell befreit ist, trotz Husserls Zurückhaltung, alle ihre Implikationen zuzugeben. Die Analyse dieser Theorie erfolgt parallel zur zeitgenössischen Kognitionsforschung, in der…
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi nell’attuale panorama della scuola multiculturale.
2017
Il contributo presenta una riflessione sulla scuola attraverso il contributo pedagogico dello zurighese Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi. Partendo dalla sua idea degli “stati dell'umanità”, viene analizzata la situazione dell'educazione nella scuola italiana, sempre più multiculturale. Inoltre, si terrà conto dei metodi di didattica interculturale più appropriati, considerando le inclinazioni e la storia di ciascun alunno e al fine di accompagnare ciascuno nella realizzazione delle proprie potenzialità, per vivere in futuro da protagonista in un mondo che cambia velocemente. The paper presents a reflection on the current Italian educational system, starting from the conceptual legacy of the Swiss…
¿Por qué conservamos la biodiversidad? Un breve recorrido sociológico, psicológico y moral
2017
espanolEn este trabajo se muestran, de manera muy sucinta, algunos conceptos fundamentales sobre los valores que subyacen en la toma de las decisiones sobre la conservacion de la biodiversidad, asi como las bases psicologicas de la deliberacion en este contexto. Para ello, se describe, en primer lugar, un modelo sociologico clasico que ayuda a predecir la asignacion de recursos para la conservacion, basado en la construccion social y el poder “politico” oculto de las diferentes especies. En segundo lugar, se vincula dicho modelo con la taxonomia de valores subyacentes (no necesariamente excluyentes). Finalmente, se discute la base psicologica de la deliberacion valorativa a partir de la teo…
When Stolper-Samuelson Does Not Apply: International Trade and Female Labor
2011
Whenever a country specializes on industries that use female labor intensively, its female labor force participation should increase. This intuition, which bases on the Stolper-Samuleson Theorem, may fail in a three-factor, two-good model. We develop a model where capital, male and female work are distinct factors of production. We follow an established assumption and postulate that capital accumulation closes the gender wage gap. In this setup, the Stolper-Samuleson based intuition fails necessarily: the gender wage gap widens in countries that specialize on sectors intensive in female labor, and vice versa.
Reward Unpredictability inside and outside of a Task Context as a Determinant of the Responses of Tonically Active Neurons in the Monkey Striatum
2001
Tonically active neurons (TANs) in the monkey striatum are involved in detecting motivationally relevant stimuli. We recently provided evidence that the timing of conditioned stimuli strongly influences the responsiveness of TANs, the source of which is likely to be the monkey's previous experience with particular temporal regularities in sequential task events. To extend these findings, we investigated the relationship of TAN responses to a primary liquid reward, the timing of which is more or less predictable to the monkey either outside of a task or during instrumental task performance. Reward predictability was indexed by the timing characteristics of the mouth movements. The responsive…
Deep-Learning-Enabled Fast Optical Identification and Characterization of 2D Materials.
2020
© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Advanced microscopy and/or spectroscopy tools play indispensable roles in nanoscience and nanotechnology research, as they provide rich information about material processes and properties. However, the interpretation of imaging data heavily relies on the “intuition” of experienced researchers. As a result, many of the deep graphical features obtained through these tools are often unused because of difficulties in processing the data and finding the correlations. Such challenges can be well addressed by deep learning. In this work, the optical characterization of 2D materials is used as a case study, and a neural-network-based algorithm is de…
Quantum Mechanics as a Semantic Problem
2018
Physics, like all science, is grown out of a desire to understand the world. However, modern physics with its mathematical form has become increasingly removed from the world of everyday experience and visual imagination. In quantum mechanics it is impossible to visualize the reality represented by the theory. All we have is a consistent mathematical structure. Although the theory works perfectly well instrumentally, the question remains, how can the mathematics of the theory impart understanding? If we look at mathematics as a language, we are faced with the semantic problem: how does the language of mathematics acquire meaning? In an attempt to answer this question, I study Derrida’s earl…
Introduction by the Editors
2015
Kohlberg’s approach to moral development and moral education continues to stimulate researchers and educators worldwide. His work still offers knowledge, methods and inspirations for understanding moral cognition and behavior, and how to foster it. This volume examines aspects of Kohlberg’s moral stage developmental theory and his theory of moral education to revisit their strengths and weaknesses in light of new questions and methods.