Search results for "inversion"

showing 10 items of 312 documents

Configural information in gender categorisation.

2006

International audience; The role of configural information in gender categorisation was Studied by aligning the top half of one face with the bottom half of another. The two faces had the same or different genders. Experiment I shows that participants were slower and made more errors in categorising the gender in either half of these composite faces when the two faces had a different gender, relative to control conditions where the two faces were nonaligned or had the same gender. This result parallels the composite effect for face recognition (Young et al. 1987 Perception 16 747 - 759) and facial-expression recognition (Calder et al. 2000 Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perceptio…

AdultMaleINVERTED FACESAdolescentExperimental psychologymedia_common.quotation_subject[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyFace (sociological concept)050109 social psychologyExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyModels PsychologicalFacial recognition system050105 experimental psychology[ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyJudgmentDISTINCTIVENESSArtificial IntelligencePerceptionOrientationReaction TimeHumansINVERSION0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesParallelsmedia_commonPERCEPTIONPsychological TestsPARTS05 social sciencesRECOGNITIONCognitionRecognition PsychologyDIFFERENCECOMPONENTSensory SystemsOphthalmologyExpression (architecture)CategorizationPattern Recognition VisualUPRIGHTFaceFemaleSexUPSIDE-DOWN FACESPsychologySocial psychologyPhotic StimulationPerception
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Giant olfactory groove meningiomas: extent of frontal lobes damage and long-term outcome after the pterional approach.

2010

The treatment of giant olfactory groove meningiomas (OGMs; maximum diameter ≥ 6 cm) poses special problems and represents a surgical challenge. We discuss the long-term results in a series of 18 patients with giant OGMs and report our experience on a global strategy encompassing the pterional approach to manage the lesion and an extended transbasal approach to treat recurrences.Between February 1991 and December 2007, 18 patients with giant OGMs were surgically managed via a pterional craniotomy. Postoperative follow-up imaging was obtained at one, six, and 12 months and then yearly. In preoperative images, data from tumor volume were assessed. The volume of the residual right frontal poren…

AdultMaleMicrosurgerymedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentFluid-attenuated inversion recoveryNeurosurgical ProceduresMeningiomaOlfactory groovePterional approachLesionMeningiomaPostoperative ComplicationsOlfactory Groove MeningiomamedicineHumansOlfactory GrooveAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingOlfactory PathwaysMiddle AgedMicrosurgeryNeurovascular bundlemedicine.diseaseLong-Term CareMagnetic Resonance ImagingFrontal LobeSurgeryTreatment OutcomeFemaleSurgeryNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomMeningiomaTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessFollow-Up Studies
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Automated segmentation of changes in FLAIR-hyperintense white matter lesions in multiple sclerosis on serial magnetic resonance imaging

2019

Longitudinal analysis of white matter lesion changes on serial MRI has become an important parameter to study diseases with white-matter lesions. Here, we build on earlier work on cross-sectional lesion segmentation; we present a fully automatic pipeline for serial analysis of FLAIR-hyperintense white matter lesions. Our algorithm requires three-dimensional gradient echo T1- and FLAIR- weighted images at 3 Tesla as well as available cross-sectional lesion segmentations of both time points. Preprocessing steps include lesion filling and intrasubject registration. For segmentation of lesion changes, initial lesion maps of different time points are fused; herein changes in intensity are analyz…

AdultMaleMultiple SclerosisCognitive Neuroscience610Fluid-attenuated inversion recoverylcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticscomputer.software_genrelcsh:RC346-429050105 experimental psychologyCohort StudiesWhite matterLesionYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSørensen–Dice coefficientVoxelmedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationLongitudinal Studieslcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industry05 social sciencesRegular ArticleMagnetic resonance imagingLesion segmentation; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multiple sclerosis; White matter lesionsMiddle AgedMagnetic Resonance ImagingHyperintensityddc:Cross-Sectional Studiesmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologylcsh:R858-859.7FemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptombusinessNuclear medicinecomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesNeuroImage: Clinical
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3T Double Inversion Recovery Magnetic Resonance Imaging: diagnostic advantages in the evaluation of cortical development anomalies

2016

Abstract Purpose The aim of this work was to investigate the diagnostic value of the DIR sequence at 3T MR imaging operating in the evaluation of cortical development anomalies. Methods We studied 40 patients, with a previous diagnosis of cortical dysplasia, by FLAIR-3D, DIR, FSE T2 and MPR-GE T1 sequences at 3T MRI. Two independent observers evaluated, for each sequence and lesion, some semiological aspects (cortical thickness, cortical signal intensity, white-gray matter blurring, subcortical white matter intensity). We made also a quantitative evaluation of the cortical signal intensity in lesion site, drawing a ROI on each MRI sequences and comparing them to the correspondent normal con…

AdultMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialty030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingWhite matter03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNuclear magnetic resonancePolimicrogyriamedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective StudiesCortical dysplasia; DIR; Epilepsy; Polimicrogyria; Taylor; Tuberous sclerosisCerebral CortexDIRCortical dysplasiaEpilepsymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryTuberous sclerosisSignificant differenceReproducibility of ResultsMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCortical dysplasiamedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingIntensity (physics)DIR Epilepsy Cortical dysplasia Taylor Tuberous sclerosis PolimicrogyriaMalformations of Cortical DevelopmentTaylormedicine.anatomical_structureWhite matter hyperintensityFemaleDouble inversion recoverybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryLesion siteEuropean Journal of Radiology
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Evidence for a white matter lesion size threshold to support the diagnosis of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

2018

Abstract Background The number of white matter lesions (WML) in brain MRI is the most established paraclinical tool to support the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and to monitor its course. Diagnostic criteria have stipulated a minimum detectable diameter of 3 mm per WML, although this threshold is not evidence-based. We aimed to provide a rationale for a WML size threshold for three-dimensional MRI sequences at 3 T by comparing patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) to control subjects (CS). Methods We analyzed MR images from two cohorts, obtained at scanners from two different vendors, each comprising patients with RRMS and CS. Both cohorts were examined with FLAIR and T1w seque…

AdultMaleWhite matter lesionNeuroimagingFluid-attenuated inversion recoveryYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesMultiple Sclerosis Relapsing-Remitting0302 clinical medicineHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicineRetrospective StudiesExpanded Disability Status ScaleReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisGeneral MedicineOdds ratioReference Standardsmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingWhite MatterHyperintensityNeurologyRelapsing remittingFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessNuclear medicine030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMultiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
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Two complementary recombinant chromosomes 5 in a healthy woman

2005

We report a healthy woman with two abortions who is a carrier for a rare heterozygous double recombinant of an inv(5) chromosome, karyotype 46,XX,rec(5)dup(5p) inv(5)(pl 3q22),rec(5)dup(5q)inv(5)(pl 3q22). Her father had a 46,XY,inv(5)(p13q22) karyotype; his consanguineous wife had died. Molecular investigation of 11 highly polymorphic markers spanning chromosome 5 revealed biparental inheritance for two markers (D5S406, D5S681) on 5p15.3 and 5q13.1, and an allele constellation not compatible with paternal heterodisomy for marker D5S623 on 5q11.2. Eight markers were not informative. Three mechanisms of formation are proposed: First, fertilization of a normal oocyte by a sperm carrying the t…

AdultMalecongenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesAbortion HabitualDNA RecombinantBiologylaw.inventionPolymorphism (computer science)lawGeneticsHumansBase sequenceMolecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)Polymorphism GeneticBase SequenceChromosomeKaryotypebiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionMolecular biologyHealthKaryotypingdupChromosome InversionRecombinant DNAbacteriaChromosomes Human Pair 5Female
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Corpus callosum involvement: a useful clue for differentiating Fabry Disease from Multiple Sclerosis.

2017

PURPOSE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been proposed as a possible differential diagnosis for Fabry disease (FD). The aim of this work was to evaluate the involvement of corpus callosum (CC) on MR images and its possible role as a radiological sign to differentiate between FD and MS. METHODS: In this multicentric study, we retrospectively evaluated the presence of white matter lesions (WMLs) on the FLAIR images of 104 patients with FD and 117 patients with MS. The incidence of CC-WML was assessed in the two groups and also in a subgroup of 37 FD patients showing neurological symptoms. RESULTS: WMLs were detected in 50 of 104 FD patients (48.1%) and in all MS patients. However, a lesion in the…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyNeurologySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaAdolescentCorpus callosumFluid-attenuated inversion recoveryCorpus callosumCorpus callosum; Fabry disease; MRI; Multiple sclerosis030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingDiagnosis DifferentialMultiple sclerosis03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedRetrospective StudiesNeuroradiologyFabry diseasebusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingFabry diseaseHyperintensityCorpus callosum; Fabry disease; MRI; Multiple sclerosis.FemaleNeurology (clinical)RadiologyDifferential diagnosisCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMRI
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Aerosol Lidar Intercomparison in the Framework of SPALINET—The Spanish Lidar Network: Methodology and Results

2009

Abstract—A group of eight Spanish lidars was formed in order to extend the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network–Advanced Sustainable Observation System (EARLINET-ASOS)project. This study presents intercomparisons at the hardware and software levels. Results of the system intercomparisons are based on range-square-corrected signals in cases where the lidars viewed the same atmospheres. Comparisons were also made for aeros backscatter coefficients at 1064 nm (2 systems) and 532 nm (all systems), and for extinction coefficients at 532 nm (2 systems). In total, three field campaigns were carried out between 2006 and 2007. Comparisons were limited to the highest layer found before the free tr…

AerosolsLidarXarxes de telecomunicacionsTeledetecció:Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Telemàtica i xarxes d'ordinadors [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]BackscatterMeteorologyPlanetary boundary layerSignal theory (Telecommunication)Inversion (meteorology)Atmospheric modelGeofísicaAerosolTroposphereSenyal Teoria del (Telecomunicació)Boundary layerNetwork performance (Telecomunication)LidarGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceElectrical and Electronic Engineering:Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Processament del senyal::Processament del senyal en les telecomunicacions [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Remote sensingIEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
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Comparison of aerosol size distributions measured at ground level and calculated from inversion of solar radiances

2005

Ground-based sunphotometry measurements can be used to investigate atmospheric aerosol optical properties, such as the volume size distribution, an important parameter in the study of the effect of aerosol on atmospheric processes. Most inversion algorithms assume constant aerosol optical characteristics over the whole air column. In this work we present observational evidence of the limitations of this simplifying assumption in cases where the aerosol vertical structure is highly inhomogeneous. During the field campaign VELETA 2002, carried out in Granada (Spain), a quite complete characterization of the atmospheric aerosol was obtained by simultaneously measuring the columnar aerosol char…

Angstrom exponentBoundary layerLidarlawEnvironmental scienceInversion (meteorology)Scale heightPhotometerMolar absorptivityAtmospheric sciencesPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physicslaw.inventionAerosolSPIE Proceedings
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Monotonicity-based inversion of the fractional Schr\"odinger equation II. General potentials and stability

2019

In this work, we use monotonicity-based methods for the fractional Schr\"odinger equation with general potentials $q\in L^\infty(\Omega)$ in a Lipschitz bounded open set $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^n$ in any dimension $n\in \mathbb N$. We demonstrate that if-and-only-if monotonicity relations between potentials and the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map hold up to a finite dimensional subspace. Based on these if-and-only-if monotonicity relations, we derive a constructive global uniqueness results for the fractional Calder\'on problem and its linearized version. We also derive a reconstruction method for unknown obstacles in a given domain that only requires the background solution of the fractional Sch…

Applied MathematicsMathematical analysisOpen setMonotonic functionLipschitz continuity01 natural sciencesInversion (discrete mathematics)Stability (probability)OmegaSchrödinger equation010101 applied mathematicsComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeMathematics - Analysis of PDEs35R30Bounded functionsymbols0101 mathematicsAnalysisMathematics
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