Search results for "ionic strength"

showing 10 items of 198 documents

Thermometric study of the dissociation equilibria of the maleinimidodioxime

1982

The values of the dissociation constants of the maleinimidodioxime are potentiometrically determined at various ionic strengths, and extrapolated to zero ionic strength (pK1T=10.41;pk2T=11.60). From these values and from the thermometric titration curves the enthalpies of neutralization (ΔHN1=−21.76,ΔHN2=−23.77 kJ/mol) and the thermodynamic parameters of dissociation of this substance at 25.0 °C are determined (ΔG1θ=59.41,ΔG2θ=66.23,ΔH1θ=34.06,ΔH2θ=32.05 kJ/mol;ΔS1θ=−85.06,ΔS2θ=−114.64 J/(K mol)).

Dissociation constantIonic strengthChemistryThermodynamicsPhysical chemistryIonic bondingDissociation (chemistry)Thermometric titrationJournal of Thermal Analysis
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Interaction of ionic compounds with multilamellar liposomes. An electrokinetic model

1998

Abstract We have proposed a theoretical model of interaction of ionic compounds (ionic adsorbate or ionic drugs), with multilamellar-liposomes, by means of their electrokinetic property variation with the ionic compound concentration. In this work, we show the complete development of the model proposed. Its theoretical results have been analysed to study the influence on the zeta-potential value of the following: number of membranes, size, shear-plane situation, critical concentration of formation (ccf), and the ionic compound concentration which annuls the zeta-potential value of the multilamellar-liposomes formed.

Electrokinetic phenomenaLiposomechemistry.chemical_compoundWork (thermodynamics)Colloid and Surface ChemistryMembraneChemical engineeringChemistryIonic strengthZeta potentialAnalytical chemistryIonic bondingIonic compoundColloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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Understanding the Solution Behavior of Epinephrine in the Presence of Toxic Cations: A Thermodynamic Investigation in Different Experimental Conditio…

2020

The interactions of epinephrine ((R)-(&minus

EnthalpyInorganic chemistryPharmaceutical ScienceIonic bondingProtonation02 engineering and technologyCalorimetry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundlcsh:Organic chemistryDrug Discoverytoxic cationSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analiticatoxic cationsepinephrinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChemistryOrganic Chemistryenthalpy and entropy changesOxidesMethylmercury Compoundsdependence on ionic strength021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologysequestering ability0104 chemical sciencesSpecific ion interaction theoryChemistry (miscellaneous)Ionic strengthBenzyl alcoholThermodynamicsUraniumMolecular MedicineTitration0210 nano-technologyenthalpy and entropy changeMolecules
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Exothermic adsorption of chromate by goethite

2020

Abstract Goethite is a common Fe oxyhydroxide coating soil particle surfaces, which has a high Cr(VI) adsorption capacity under acidic pH conditions. Batch equilibrium adsorption experiments with chromate concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mM were performed using solutions with ionic strengths of 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 M and pH values of 3–11 and at four temperatures between 10 and 75 °C. The results of these experiments show that the amount of chromate adsorbed decreases as the pH increases towards the zero-point-of-surface-charge of goethite (pHPZC 9.1), which is typical for anions. The chromate adsorption efficiency also depends on the ionic strength of the solution. The amount of chromate…

Exothermic reactionGoethiteChromate conversion coatingChemistryInorganic chemistryEnthalpyCharge densityIonic bondingPollutionAdsorptionGeochemistry and PetrologyIonic strengthvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEnvironmental ChemistryApplied Geochemistry
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Transport properties of an ionic magnetic colloid: experimental study of increasing the ionic strength

2002

Abstract The phase separation of an ionic magnetic colloid in zero magnetic field by increasing the ionic strength is well known [Universite Paris VI, France, 1987; J. Colloid Interface Sci. 132 (1989) 1]. The present work deals with investigation of an ionic ferrofluid by increasing the ionic strength in the range of 0–0.14 mol/l, being safely below the threshold value at which the effect of phase separation occurs. By the optical grid setup [Fourth International conference PAMIR, France, 2000], the main transport properties of a ferrofluid, i.e. translational mass diffusion and thermal diffusion (Soret) coefficients, are measured. The obtained results show a strong dependence of mass diff…

FerrofluidWork (thermodynamics)ColloidRange (particle radiation)Nuclear magnetic resonanceMaterials scienceIonic strengthThermodynamicsIonic bondingCondensed Matter PhysicsThermal diffusivityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Polymorphism, Metastable Species and Interconversion

2014

Abstract The natively unfolded peptide hormone glucagon forms fibrillar structures with amyloid properties. Here, we summarize past advances in glucagon fibrillation and combine them with recent new unpublished data to provide some more general conclusions on how glucagon fibrillation adapts to different physicochemical conditions such as high temperature, pressure, mechanical and chemical stress. Factors such as peptide concentration, accessible surface area, surface hydration of the glucagon molecular state, contact surface, temperature and ionic strength all contribute to fibrillar structure and stability. In addition to fundamental changes in secondary structure, glucagon fibril morphol…

Fibrillationchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryPeptidemacromolecular substancesFibrilGlucagonAccessible surface areaCrystallographyPolymorphism (materials science)Ionic strengthmedicineBiophysicsmedicine.symptomProtein secondary structure
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Interaction of sodium, lithium, caesium, and potassium ions with ascorbyl radicals.

1987

Abstract The influence of the concentration of sodium, lithium , caesium, and potassium ions as well as of the ionic strength of the solutions used on the dismutation rate of ascorbyl radicals has been investigated. While the dismutation rate was not influenced by Li+, it decreased, however, with increasing concentrations of the other ions investigated. The largest effect was obtained with Na+. This change in dismutation rate indicates a stabilizing effect on ascorbyl radical by these ions.

Free RadicalsSodiumRadicalInorganic chemistryOsmolar ConcentrationSodiumchemistry.chemical_elementCesiumAscorbic AcidLithiumPotassium ionsAscorbic acidGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyIonchemistryIonic strengthCaesiumPotassiumAscorbate OxidaseLithiumZeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences
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Solution properties of polyelectrolytes. III. Effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate concentration on viscometric and size exclusion chromatographic …

1988

The effect of sodium polystyrene sulfonate concentration on the shape of its molecules in aqueous solution at different NaNO3 ionic strengths has been analyzed by viscometry and size-exclusion chromatography (s.e.c). An equation has been developed which predicts the intrinsic viscosity, [η] p.cp.cs, at finite concentration of both polyion (cp) and electrolyte (cs). The experimental results obtained by both techniques can be accounted for in terms of the theory. Several factors involved in the elution mechanism have been considered and the variation of the slopes of s.e.c. calibration curves with cp and cs has been discussed in terms of polyion conformation changes.

Gel permeation chromatographyChromatographyAqueous solutionChemistryIonic strengthIntrinsic viscositySize-exclusion chromatographyGeneral EngineeringGeneral Materials ScienceElectrolyteSodium Polystyrene SulfonatePolyelectrolyteBritish Polymer Journal
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Thermodynamic Parameters for the Protonation of Poly(allylamine) in concentrated LiCl(aq) and NaCl(aq)

2004

The acid-base properties of poly(allylamine) (MW ) 15 kDa) were determined by potentiometry and calorimetry in aqueous solutions at t ) 25 °C. Potentiometric measurements were carried out in a wide range of ionic strengths (0.1 e I/molâL-1 e 5.0) in NaCl(aq) and LiCl(aq), while enthalpy changes for the protonation of poly(allylamine) were determined by calorimetry in the same ionic strength range but only in NaCl(aq). Analysis of the experimental data was carried out using two different models: the first based on a modified Henderson-Hasselbalch two parameter equation and the second on the three parameter equation proposed by Ho¨gfeldt. Protonation constants are given for both models and io…

General Chemical EngineeringEnthalpyPotentiometric titrationInorganic chemistryIonic bondingProtonationGeneral ChemistryCalorimetryProtonationPoly(allylamine)Allylaminechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySpecific ion interaction theoryspeciationIonic strengthPhysical chemistrySettore CHIM/01 - Chimica Analitica
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Boron and lithium behaviour in river waters under semiarid climatic conditions

2022

Boron (B) and Lithium (Li) concentrations were studied in the Platani river, one of the most important catchments of South-Central Sicily which is under semiarid climatic conditions for roughly eight months to a year. In this area, evaporites result in potential B and Li sources for surface waters. Results from river waters have measured ionic strength values between 0.1 and 4.54 M. B and Li distributions in these waters were studied in colloidal (CF, extracted by ultrafiltration from the 0.45 μm filtrate) and total dissolved (TDF) fractions and in fractions extracted from corresponding riverbed sediments, according to changes of the B/Li ratio. In river waters, CF and TDF showed very simil…

Geologic SedimentsEnvironmental EngineeringHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryLithiumPollutionRiversMetalsEnvironmental ChemistrySettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaMine drainage Salt minerals B/Li ratio Ionic strength Mn-oxyhydroxidesWater Pollutants ChemicalBoronEnvironmental Monitoring
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