Search results for "ionizing"

showing 10 items of 149 documents

A Brief Discussion on the Performance of the MoEDAL and the LHCf Experiments

2018

The Monopole and Exotics Detector at the LHC (MoEDAL) experiment is an experiment dedicated to searching for beyond standard model (BSM) particles like magnetic monopoles, highly ionizing particles and slow-moving supersymmetric particles. In many ways, this detector complements the BSM searches of ATLAS and CMS. In this document, a brief description of the MoEDAL detector and performance is given. The Large Hadron Collider Forward (LHCf) experiment, on the other hand, is dedicated to measuring the neutral particles produced in the hadronic collision in the very forward region. This document also briefly discusses the LHCf detector and its performance.

PhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderAtlas (topology)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsHadronDetectorIonizing particlesMagnetic monopolePartícules (Física nuclear)Gran col·lisionador d'hadrons (França i Suïssa)High Energy Physics::ExperimentParticle Physics - Experiment
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Radiation quality discrimination by continuous and pulse ESR techniques

2008

The biological damages produced by ionizing radiations in tissues and cells depend on the radiation quality, besides on the dose. The discrimination of the radiation quality, which is related to the linear energy transfer (LET), interests various fields such as radiobiology, astronautic space research, radiotherapy research and accidental dosimetry. In this work we have applied continuous wave ESR (cw-ESR) and pulse ESR techniques to ammonium tartrate samples with the aim of developing procedures able to discriminate radiation quality whose knowledge is fundamental for rabiobiological considerations. We have chosen the ammonium tartrate because it is a promising compound for the measurement…

PhysicsRange (particle radiation)PhotonDosimeterRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthLinear energy transferElectronRadiationIonizing radiationNuclear magnetic resonanceNuclear Energy and EngineeringDosimetryAtomic physicsSafety Risk Reliability and QualityWaste Management and Disposal
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Observation of laser-induced continuum structure in the NO molecule

1999

0953-4075; We present experimental results on the modification of a molecular ionization continuum through a laser-induced continuum structure. The effect is demonstrated in nitric oxide where the resonant 2 + 1 multiphoton-ionization process of the X (2)Pi(3/2) electronic ground state is modified by dressing the continuum with the electromagnetically embedded M(2)Sigma(+) Rydberg state. Through selection of a two-photon rovibronic transition via the D electronic state, a single rotational ground state level is excited to the continuum with one laser field. By adding an extra dressing field, a coupling is then established between this three-photon excited ground state level and one of the M…

PhysicsSPECTRUMField (physics)Continuum (design consultancy)RESONANCECondensed Matter PhysicsLaserResonance (particle physics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionSODIUMATOMSMULTIPHOTON IONIZATIONlawPHOTOIONIZATIONIonizationExcited stateAUTOIONIZING STATESHARMONIC-GENERATIONPhysics::Atomic PhysicsFIELDAtomic physicsRydberg stateGround stateHELIUMJournal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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Total Absorption Spectroscopy of Fission Fragments Relevant for Reactor Antineutrino Spectra Determination

2015

8 pags., 3 figs., 1 tab. ; Presented at the XXXIV Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics, Piaski, Poland, September 6–13, 2015.

Physicsantineutrinosfission fragmentTotal absorption spectroscopyta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsFissionGeneral Physics and Astronomy[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Total Absorption Spectroscopy01 natural sciences7. Clean energyBeta decaySpectral lineIonizing radiationNuclear physicsIGISOL facility0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment
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Toxicity of a dental adhesive compared with ionizing radiation and zoledronic acid

2015

Background: To determine the toxicity of aqueous dilutions of a universal self-priming dental adhesive (DA) and comparing these with those elicited by exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), Zoledronic acid (Z) treatment and the synergic effects of the combined treatment with IR+Z. Material and Methods: The genotoxic effect of DA was determined by the increase in the frequency of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked in cultured human lymphocytes before and after exposure to 2Gy of X-rays. The cytotoxic effect was studied by using the MTT cell viability test in normal prostate cell lines (PNT2) after exposure to different X-ray doses (0Gy-20Gy). The cell lines divided into different groups and tr…

Programmed cell deathDental CementsOdontologíaPharmacologymedicine.disease_causeZoledronic AcidIonizing radiationToxicologyPolymethacrylic AcidsRadiation IonizingToxicity TestsmedicineCytotoxic T cellHumansViability assayLymphocytesGeneral DentistryCells CulturedOral Medicine and PathologyDiphosphonatesChemistryResearchImidazoles:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Ciencias de la saludIn vitroOtorhinolaryngologyToxicityMicronucleus testUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryGenotoxicity
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Lovastatin attenuates ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue damage in vivo.

2009

Abstract Background and purpose HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (statins) are widely used lipid-lowering drugs. Moreover, they have pleiotropic effects on cellular stress responses, proliferation and apoptosis in vitro . Here, we investigated whether lovastatin attenuates acute and subchronic ionizing radiation-induced normal tissue toxicity in vivo . Materials and methods Four hours to 24h after total body irradiation (6Gy) of Balb/c mice, acute pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses were analyzed. To comprise subchronic radiation toxicity, mice were irradiated twice with 2.5Gy and analyses were performed 3weeks after the first radiation treatment. Molecular markers of inflammation and f…

Programmed cell deathPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyStatinmedicine.drug_classCell SurvivalPharmacologyRadiation DosageMiceRandom AllocationIn vivoFibrosisReference ValuesRadiation IonizingmedicineAnimalsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLovastatinRNA MessengerRadiation InjuriesLungProbabilityMice Inbred BALB CChemistryTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaNF-kappa BDose-Response Relationship RadiationHematologymedicine.diseaseCTGFIntestinesDisease Models AnimalRadiation Injuries ExperimentalOncologyLiverApoptosisToxicitylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)FemaleLovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsInflammation Mediatorsmedicine.drugDNA DamageRadiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
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Effect of ultraviolet light, methyl methanesulfonate and ionizing radiation on the genotoxic response and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts lacking c-Fo…

2001

c-Fos and p53 are DNA damage-inducible proteins that are involved in gene regulation, cell cycle checkpoint control and cell proliferation following exposure to genotoxic agents. To investigate comparatively the role of c-Fos and p53 in the maintenance of genomic stability and the induction of apoptosis, we generated mouse fibroblast cell lines from knockout mice deficient for either c-fos (fos -/-) or p53 (p53-/-) or for both gene products (fosp53-/-). The sensitivity of these established cell lines was compared with the corresponding wild-type cells as to the cytotoxic, clastogenic and apoptosis-inducing effects of ultraviolet (UV-C) light and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Additionally, …

Programmed cell deathTime FactorsCell cycle checkpointCell SurvivalUltraviolet RaysHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisBlotting WesternApoptosisBiologyToxicologyPolymerase Chain ReactionCell LineMiceNecrosischemistry.chemical_compoundRadiation IonizingGeneticsUltraviolet lightAnimalsCytotoxic T cellCells CulturedGenetics (clinical)Chromosome AberrationsMice KnockoutCell growthDose-Response Relationship RadiationFibroblastsBlotting NorthernMethyl MethanesulfonateMolecular biologyMethyl methanesulfonatechemistryApoptosisCell cultureTumor Suppressor Protein p53Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fosDNA DamageMutagensMutagenesis
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Discrimination of Radiation Quality Through Second Harmonic Out-of-Phase cw-ESR Detection

2014

The ability to discriminate the quality of ionizing radiation is important because the biological effects produced in tissue strongly depends on both absorbed dose and linear energy transfer (LET) of ionizing particles. Here we present an experimental electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis aimed at discriminating the effective LETs of various radiation beams (e.g., 19.3 MeV protons, 60Co photons and thermal neutrons). The measurement of the intensities of the continuous wave spectrometer signal channel first harmonic in-phase and the second harmonic out-of-phase components are used to distinguish the radiation quality. A computational analysis, was carried out to evaluate the dependence of …

Quality ControlTime FactorsPhotonTime FactorBiophysicsLinear energy transferRadiationIonizing radiationQuality (physics)OpticsRadiation IonizingLinear Energy TransferRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMicrowavesRadiationChemistrybusiness.industryElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)EPR spectroscopy; radiation effectsBiophysicAbsorbed doseradiation effectsHarmonicContinuous waveAtomic physicsbusinessMicrowaveEPR spectroscopyRadiation Research
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Improvement of the wettability and dissolution of fenofibrate compacts by plasma treatment

2011

Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of plasma treatment on the wettability and dissolution of fenofibrate compacts. Contact angle measurements and intrinsic dissolution rate studies of untreated and plasma-treated fenofibrate compacts were conducted. The contact angle data clearly show that the wettability of the tablet surface increased with the duration of plasma treatment. Analyses of stability revealed that the surfaces which were plasma-treated for more than 1 min regained some degree of hydrophobicity after storage in air. Since their hydrophobic recovery finally reached the level observed with 1 min plasma-treated fenofibrate compacts it was deduced that per…

Radiation NonionizingMaterials sciencePlasma irradiationFenofibrateChromatographyDrug CompoundingPharmaceutical SciencePlasma treatmentOxygenContact angleFenofibrateSolubilityChemical engineeringWettabilitymedicineWettingSolubilitySaturation (chemistry)Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsDissolutionTabletsmedicine.drugInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics
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Thermoluminescence properties of AlN ceramics

1998

Abstract The paper describes thermoluminescence (TL) properties of AlN:Y 2 O 3 ceramics irradiated with ionising radiation. A high TL sensitivity of AlN:Y 2 O 3 ceramics to radiation encouraged a study of the AlN ceramics for application as a dosimetric material. The paper presents experimental data on: glow curve, emission spectrum, dose response, energy dependence, influence of heating rate and fading rate. The measured TL characteristics were compared with those of well-known, widely used TLDs, i.e. LiF:Mg,Ti, LiF:Mg,Cu,P and Al 2 O 3 :C. It is concluded that AlN:Y 2 O 3 ceramics showing a radiation sensitivity which is approximately 50 times greater than that of LiF:Mg,Ti is an interest…

RadiationMaterials scienceAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyYttriumRadiationThermoluminescenceIonizing radiationchemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDosimetryCeramicIrradiationLuminescenceInstrumentationRadiation Measurements
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