Search results for "ischemic"

Endothelin: an endothelium-derived vasoactive peptide and its possible role in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm

1991

The contractile response to endothelin has been examined in cerebral arteries from rats subjected to a prior subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and compared with saline injected controls. Endothelin elicited strong concentration-dependent contraction of rat basilar artery segments. The response was slow in onset and long lasting. The endothelin-induced contraction was much stronger in the SAH compared to control animals. Our findings suggest a role of the peptide in the pathophysiology of cerebral vasospasm.

Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: One-Year Follow-up

2023

Background and objectives: Declines in stroke admission, intravenous thrombolysis, and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy over a one-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020). M…

Epigenomics in acute cerebrovascular diseases.

2020

Key lncRNAs involved in ischemic strokes

2022

NA

Neuroinflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: Focus on cardioembolic stroke, background, and therapeutic approaches

2020

One of the most important causes of neurological morbidity and mortality in the world is ischemic stroke. It can be a result of multiple events such as embolism with a cardiac origin, occlusion of small vessels in the brain, and atherosclerosis affecting the cerebral circulation. Increasing evidence shows the intricate function played by the immune system in the pathophysiological variations that take place after cerebral ischemic injury. Following the ischemic cerebral harm, we can observe consequent neuroinflammation that causes additional damage provoking the death of the cells; on the other hand, it also plays a beneficial role in stimulating remedial action. Immune mediators are the or…

Recombinant growth hormone therapy in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy : effects on hemodynamics, left ventricular function, and cardiopulmonary…

1999

Background —We studied the effects of recombinant growth hormone (rhGH) on exercise capacity and cardiac function in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results —Seven patients (aged 55±9 years) with mild to moderate congestive heart failure (ejection fraction 31±4%) who were on standard therapy were included. The patients were studied at baseline, after 3 months of rhGH treatment, and 3 months after rhGH discontinuation. Cardiac function was assessed by exercise capacity, right heart catheterization at rest and after submaximal exercise, MRI, echocardiography, and Holter monitoring. When administered at a dose of 2 IU/d, rhGH doubled the serum concentration of insulin-like …

Ischemic stroke increases heart vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion and alters myocardial cardioprotective pathways

2018

Background and Purpose— For years, the relationship between cardiac and neurological ischemic events has been limited to overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms and common risk factors. However, acute stroke may induce dramatic changes in cardiovascular function. The aim of this study was to evaluate how prior cerebrovascular lesions affect myocardial function and signaling in vivo and ex vivo and how they influence cardiac vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods— Cerebral embolization was performed in adult Wistar male rats through the injection of microspheres into the left or right internal carotid artery. Stroke lesions were evaluated by microsphere counting, tissue sta…

Quando e quali pazienti sottoporre a rivascolarizzazione coronarica?

2008

Cardioprotection by gene therapy: A review paper on behalf of the Working Group on Drug Cardiotoxicity and Cardioprotection of the Italian Society of…

2015

Ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Ischemic pre-, post-, and remote conditionings trigger endogenous cardioprotection that renders the heart resistant to ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). Mimicking endogenous cardioprotection by modulating genes involved in cardioprotective signal transduction provides an opportunity to reproduce endogenous cardioprotection with better possibilities of translation into the clinical setting. Genes and signaling pathways by which conditioning maneuvers exert their effects on the heart are partially understood. This is due to the targeted approach that allowed identifying one or a few genes associated with IRI and cardioprote…

Preclinical atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome increase cardio- and cerebrovascular events rate: a 20-year follow up

2013

BACKGROUND: Intima-media thickness (IMT) is a validated marker of preclinical atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular events. PATIENTS: We studied a population of 529 asymptomatic patients (age 62 ± 12.8 years), divided into two groups of subjects with and without Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). METHODS: All patients, at baseline, have had a carotid ultrasound evaluation and classified in two subgroups: the first one without atherosclerotic lesions and the second one with preclinical atherosclerosis (increased IMT or asymptomatic carotid plaque). Cardiovascular endpoints were investigated in a 20-years follow-up. RESULTS: There were 242 cardiovascular events: 144 among patients with Me…