Search results for "jalat"
showing 10 items of 35 documents
Muscle-tendon architecture in Kenyans and Japanese : Potential role of genetic endowment in the success of elite Kenyan endurance runners
2022
Aim The specificity of muscle-tendon and foot architecture of elite Kenyan middle- and long-distance runners has been found to contribute to their superior running performance. To investigate the respective influence of genetic endowment and training on these characteristics, we compared leg and foot segmental lengths as well as muscle-tendon architecture of Kenyans and Japanese males (i) from infancy to adulthood and (ii) non-athletes versus elite runners. Methods The 676 participants were divided according to their nationality (Kenyans and Japanese), age (nine different age groups for non-athletes) and performance level in middle- and long-distance races (non-athlete, non-elite and elite …
The reliability of measuring medial gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit lengths during gait
2021
Background Ultrasound imaging combined with 3D motion analysis allows for in-vivo assessment of muscle-tendon unit lengths during gait. The clinical relevance of analysing the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and Achilles muscle-tendon junction (MTJ), MG mid-muscle belly fascicles (FAS) and muscle thickness was shown. However, their reliability error estimations over the gait cycle is unknown. Research question What are the intra- and inter-session errors associated with extracting MG belly, thickness, FAS and tendon lengths using ultrasound during gait in healthy participants? Methods 3D gait analysis was carried out in ten healthy adults as they walked on an instrumented treadmill at a comfortab…
Task Modifications in Walking Postpone Decline in Life-Space Mobility Among Community-Dwelling Older People: A 2-year Follow-up Study
2017
Background Task modification refers to performing a task differently than before. While task modification in walking may be a sign of looming walking difficulty, it may also be adaptive in and postpone the decline in life-space mobility. However, this has not been studied. This study examined whether changes in life-space mobility over a 2-year period differ between people who at baseline report no walking difficulty and no task modification, those who report no walking difficulty but task modification, and those who report walking difficulty. Methods Community-dwelling people aged 75–90 years were interviewed face-to-face at baseline (N = 848), and over phone one (n = 816) and two (n = 761…
An age-adapted plyometric exercise program improves dynamic strength, jump performance and functional capacity in older men either similarly or more …
2020
Power declines at a greater rate during ageing and is more relevant for functional deterioration than either loss of maximum strength or muscle mass. Human movement typically consists of stretch-shortening cycle action. Therefore, plyometric exercises, using an eccentric phase quickly followed by a concentric phase to optimize power production, should resemble daily function more than traditional resistance training, which primarily builds force production capacity in general. However, it is unclear whether older adults can sustain such high-impact training. This study compared the effects of plyometric exercise (PLYO) on power, force production, jump and functional performance to tradition…
Immediate effects of wearing knee length socks differing in compression level on postural regulation in community-dwelling, healthy, elderly men and …
2018
Background Stimulation of lower limbs’ cutaneous receptors and mechanoreceptors through compression garments could potentially increase somatosensory system efficiency and aid postural regulation in elderly individuals. Research question This study examined immediate effects of wearing knee length socks (KLS) of various compression levels on somatosensory function in community-dwelling healthy elderly men and women during a double-limb standing, balancing task. Methods A total of forty-six elderly participants (Male = 23), aged between 65 and 84 years old, randomly selected from the Singapore community-dwelling, healthy population. Three treatment interventions (wearing clinical compression…
Validity of five foot and ankle specific electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) instruments in patients undergoing elective orthopedic foot or an…
2019
Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROS) are widely accepted measures for evaluating outcomes of surgical interventions. As patient-reported information is stored in electronic health records, it is essential that there are valid electronic PRO (ePRO) instruments available for clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of electronic versions of five widely used foot and ankle specific PRO instruments. Methods: Altogether 111 consecutive elective foot/ankle surgery patients were invited face-to-face to participate in this study. Patients completed electronic versions of the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS),…
Energy cost of individual lower leg muscles in walking : comparison between young and elderly men at different walking speeds
2015
The cost of transport (COT) in elderly subjects is increased in comparison to young adults, independently of the walking speed. The changes in the neuromuscular activity of the lower extremity muscles could explain this phenomenon. The objective of this thesis was to qualitatively compare the muscle activity pattern of the lower extremities between healthy young and elderly subjects, over a range of walking speeds in order to infer the contributions of individual muscles to changes in COT in both age groups. 26 participants were recruited (13 young aged 18-30; 13 old aged 70-80). Mean oxygen consumption was used to calculate COT and electromyography signals from 10 leg muscles were used to …
Structural Validity of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score for Orthopaedic Pathologies with Rasch Measurement Theory
2022
Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors A B S T R A C T Background: The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) is one of the most frequently used patient reported outcome measures for foot and ankle conditions. The aim is to test the structural validity of the Finnish version of the FAOS using Rasch Measurement Theory. Methods: FAOS scores were obtained from 218 consecutive patients who received operative treatment for foot and ankle conditions. The FAOS data were fitted into the Rasch model and person separation index (PSI) calculated. Results: All the five subscales provided good coverage and targeting. Three subscales presented unidimensional structure. Thirty-eight of the 42 items had orde…
Active and passive recovery influence responses of luteinizing hormone and testosterone to a fatiguing strength loading
2018
The purpose of this study was to examine the acute hormonal and muscular responses to a strenuous strength loading [bilateral leg press (LP) 10x10 1RM] followed by loading-specific active (AR, n = 7, LP 10x10x30% 1RM) or passive (PR, n = 11, seated) recovery. The subjects were men age: 26±4 years, height: 174±8 cm, body mass: 75±13 kg. After control measurements, experimental measurements were conducted at pre and post loading as well as post recovery and next morning. A significantly higher absolute concentration (p<0.05) of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) was observed in AR than PR at next morning while no differences were observed in serum testosterone (T), cortisol (C) or sex hormone bin…
Alaraajapainotteisen kuntosaliharjoittelujakson aikana havaitut muutokset 65-vuotiaiden päiväsairaala-asiakkaiden toimintakyvyssä
2014
ALARAAJAPAINOTTEISEN KUNTOSALIHARJOITTELUJAKSON AIKANA HAVAITUT MUUTOKSET YLI 65-VUOTIAIDEN PÄIVÄSAIRAALA-ASIAKKAIDEN TOIMINTAKYVYSSÄ Henna Saikkonen Pro gradu –tutkielma Gerontologia ja kansanterveys Jyväskylän yliopisto, liikuntatieteellinen tiedekunta, terveystieteiden laitos Syksy 2014 33 sivua Ikääntymisen myötä lihasvoimassa, lihasmassassa ja lihaksen laadullisissa tekijöissä tapahtuu muutoksia, jotka ovat seurausta mm. hermo-lihasjärjestelmän heikkenemisestä. Alaraajojen lihasvoiman heikkeneminen vaikeuttaa liikkumista ja suoriutumista päivittäisistä toiminnoista, sekä ennustaa myöhemmin ilmaantuvien toiminnanvajavuuksien syntymistä. Kohtalaisen kuormittavalla tai kuormittavalla kunt…