Search results for "jel:R1"
showing 10 items of 48 documents
On the Fallacy of Forward Linkages: A Note in the Light of Recent Results
2009
Following on from de Mesnard’s (2009) radical criticism of the Ghosh supply-driven model, this paper draws the dramatic consequences for the widespread use of forward linkages in input-output analysis applied to regional science: the practice must be abandoned. The arguments are based on three points: (i) it is impossible simultaneously to choose the Leontief model for the backward effects and the Ghosh model for the forward effects; (ii) it is impossible simultaneously to consider a production function of complementary inputs (Leontief) and a production function of perfectly substitutable inputs (Ghosh); and most importantly (iii) price effects and output effects remain inextricably mixed …
Las deducciones autonómicas en el IRPF: análisis y alternativas
2009
RESUMEN En este trabajo llevamos a cabo un ejercicio de microsimulación para analizar la política autonómica en el IRPF, utilizando la Muestra IRPF 2002 IEF-AEAT. Hasta el momento las Comunidades Autónomas han utilizado las deducciones como instrumento principal para modificar el IRPF. Sin embargo parece que las deducciones autonómicas llevan aparejados elevados costes de diseño, legislativos y administrativos; mientras que sus beneficios afectan poco a pocos contribuyentes. Nuestra hipótesis es que se puede alcanzar un resultado similar con unos costes menores. Para ello hemos considerado dos alternativas, sin duda más sencillas: una ligera reducción de los tipos impositivos de las tarifas…
A Spatial Multilevel Analysis of Italian SMEs Productivity
2009
Abstract In this paper, we adapt multilevel analysis methods to investigate the spatial variability of SMEs' productivity across the Italian territory, and account for differences in the socio-economic context. Our results suggest that to properly capture the variability of the data, it is important to allow for both spatial mean and slope effects. Social decay has the expected negative impact. However, while this effect is larger on firms with smaller capital intensity, firms with higher capital intensity seem to be less affected by geography. Greater territorial heterogeneity emerges among those firms with lower capital to labour ratios. Une analyse spatiale a plusieurs niveaux de la prod…
Exploratory spatial data analysis of the distribution of regional per capita GDP in Europe, 1980-1995
2000
The aim of this paper is to study the dynamics of European regional per capita product over time and space. This purpose is achieved by using the recently developed methods of Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis. Using a sample of European regions over the 1980-1995 period, we find strong evidence of global and local spatial autocorrelation in per capita GDP throughout the period. The detection of clusters of high and low per capita products during the period is an indication of the persistence of spatial disparities between European regions. This analysis is finally refined by the investigation of the spatial pattern of regional growth. Key words:exploratory spatial data analysis; distributi…
Does Commuting Reduce Wage Disparities?
2004
ABSTRACT This paper shows that in the Baltic countries, commuting reduces urban-rural wage and employment disparities and increases national output. To quantify the effect of commuting on wage differentials, two sets of earnings functions are estimated (based on Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian Labor Force Surveys) with location variables (capital city, rural, etc.) measured at the workplace and at the place of residence. We find that the ceteris paribus wage gap between capital city and rural areas, as well as between capital and other cities is significantly narrowed by commuting in some cases but remains almost unchanged in others. Different outcomes are explained by country-specific s…
The metropolis in retrospect : from the trading metropolis to the global metropolis.
2005
SummaryMetropolization is not a new phenomenon: metropolises have been around for centuries. The prime and permanent function of a metropolis is the coordination of economic activities at a world scale. This function has been applied to different activities in history, depending on technological conditions and economic organization, and consequently it generated different forms of metropolises. The resulting continuities and discontinuities in the metropolises' evolution can be understood in terms of agglomeration economies. In the pre-industrial period, the trading metropolis coordinates long range trade. The industrial revolutions generate new needs for coordination of production and give…
On Boolean topological methods of structural analysis
2001
The properties of Boolean methods of structural analysis are used to analyze the intern structure of linear or non linear models. Here they are studied on the particular example of qualitative methods of input-output analysis. First, it is shown that these methods generate informational problems like biases when working in money terms instead of percentages, losses of information, increasing of computation time, and so on. Second, considering three ways to do structural analysis, analysis from the inverse matrix, from the direct matrix and from layers (intermediate flow matrices), these methods induce topological problems; the adjacency of the adjacency cannot be defined from the inverse ma…
Three (marginal?) questions regarding convergence
2004
This paper focuses on three (marginal?) questions surrounding the analysis of economic convergence and uses Spanish provinces as a means of illustration. The three questions in hand are the following: (i) given that the geographical units of analysis are usually quite different in economic size, is the weighting of economic units relevant in convergence analysis? (ii) the average per capita income of a given region, or country, is the first moment in the distribution of income, but what about the second moment, inequality? Have we converged in inequality? and (iii) an aggregate welfare index must take into account, at least, the evolution of the first two moments of the distribution of inco…
Estimating Verdoorn law for Italian firms and regions
2011
In empirical regional economics, returns to scale are typically estimated at the regional level in search for evidence on alternative theories of growth and agglomeration. However, returns to scale may also have a firm-level dimension. In this paper, we exploit micro level data and estimate the dynamic Verdoorn law in a multilevel-setting, where returns to scale are obtained simultaneously for the micro and the regional level. Using Italian firm-level data and the NUTS-3 level of aggregation, we estimate the classic and augmented versions of Verdoorn law for the manufacturing sector, and the rest of the economy for comparison. Our results show that increasing returns to scale co-exist at bo…
Modéliser la suburbanisation
2002
L’histoire de la suburbanisation de la population et de l’emploi, principalement aux Etats-Unis, permet d’identifier trois caracteristiques du phenomene. 1/ La suburbanisation se traduit par un etalement urbain tel que population et emploi s’accroissent plus en peripherie qu’au centre. 2/ La suburbanisation fait emerger de nouvelles concentrations d’activites dans la peripherie des villes-centres et donne naissance a des structures urbaines multicentriques. 3/ La suburbanisation differencie les contenus et les fonctions economiques des centres et recompose les centralites urbaines. Dans ce cadre, la suburbanisation se presente selon des modalites differentes selon les epoques et les regions…