Search results for "killer"

Investigation of a Killer Strain of Zygosaccharomyces Bailii

1993

Summary: The yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii strain 412 was found to liberate a killer toxin (KT412) lethal to sensitive strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida glabrata. Culture supernatants of the killer strain were concentrated by ultrafiltration and the extracellular protein was purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. Gel filtration and SDS-PAGE of the electrophoretically homogeneous killer protein indicated an apparent molecular mass of 10 kDa. The killer toxin KT412 is probably not glycosylated since it did not show any detectable carbohydrate structures. KT412 was bound to sensitive but not to resistant yeast cells. The mannan, and not the glucan, fraction …

Enterobacteria-infected T cells as antigen-presenting cells for cytotoxic CD8 T cells: a contribution to the self-limitation of cellular immune react…

1997

In enterobacteria-induced reactive arthritis (ReA), different T cell subsets play a role in the induction and maintenance of the synovitic process. Synovial fluid-derived alphabeta CD4, alphabeta CD8, and gammadelta T lymphocyte clones (TLC) that recognize Yersinia or Salmonella antigens on professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) have been characterized, and T cells themselves can function as nonprofessional APC. T cells were infected with the facultatively intracellular, arthritogenic enterobacterium Yersinia enterocolitica O:3. A CD8 TLC isolated from a patient with Yersinia-induced ReA recognized and efficiently lysed autologous and allogeneic Yersinia-infected T cells. Infected cyto…

Cancer Stem Cells: to be or not to be, is that the problem?

2014

Colon cancer stem cells: to be or not to be, is that the problem?

2014

Studio dell'infiltrato linfocitario peritumorale e dei linfociti circolanti in pazienti affetti da melanoma cutaneo

2014

I linfociti T γδ sono un gruppo di effettori “natural killer” del sistema immunitario innato che hanno rappresentato un interessante oggetto di studio nel corso degli ultimi anni. Il Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Oncologiche ed Odontostomatologiche del Policlinico Universitario di Palermo, da anni attivo nei confronti della ricerca scientifica, ha recentemente condotto uno studio mirato alla conoscenza del potenziale effetto immunoterapeutico di questa popolazione linfocitaria verso i melanomi in stadio avanzato. Sulla base della classificazione della American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) i pazienti affetti da melanoma maligno in stadio IV con neoplasia metastatica hanno una p…

Sequence of the M28 dsRNA: Preprotoxin Is Processed to an α/β Heterodimeric Protein Toxin

1995

The killer and immunity phenotypes of K28 killer strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are determined by the 1.75-kb M28 dsRNA virus. In the plus strand, M28p, the K28 preprotoxin gene, comprises bases 13-1047 and is followed, after an additional 85 bases, by a 63-bp poly(A) sequence and a 553-base 3'-sequence. This 3'-sequence contains two potential stem-loop structures predicted to bind the L-A encoded cap-pol protein, initiating encapsidation; high-level expression results in curing of M1 dsRNA. Expression of M28p confers the complete K28 killer and immunity phenotype on a cell lacking M28 dsRNA. K28 toxin is a disulfide-bonded heterodimer of alpha (10.5 kDa) and beta (11 kDa) components w…

Invariant natural killer T cells treated with rapamycin or transforming growth factor-β acquire a regulatory function and suppress T effector lymphoc…

2015

Invariant natural killer T cells treated with rapamycin or transforming growth factor-β acquire a regulatory function and suppress T effector lymphocytes

Dacarbazine-mediated upregulation of NKG2D ligands on tumor cells activates NK and CD8 T cells and restrains melanoma growth.

2013

International audience; Dacarbazine (DTIC) is a cytotoxic drug widely used for melanoma treatment. However, the putative contribution of anticancer immune responses in the efficacy of DTIC has not been evaluated. By testing how DTIC affects host immune responses to cancer in a mouse model of melanoma, we unexpectedly found that both natural killer (NK) and CD8(+) T cells were indispensable for DTIC therapeutic effect. Although DTIC did not directly affect immune cells, it triggered the upregulation of NKG2D ligands on tumor cells, leading to NK cell activation and IFNγ secretion in mice and humans. NK cell-derived IFNγ subsequently favored upregulation of major histocompatibility complex cl…

Sorafenib perpetuates cellular anti-cancer effector functions by modulating the cross talk between macrophages and natural killer cells.

2012

Alternatively polarized macrophages (Mϕ) shape the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and temper anticancer immune responses. We investigated if sorafenib alters the HCC microenvironment by restoring classical macrophage polarization and triggering tumor-directed natural killer (NK) cell responses. In vivo experiments were conducted with sorafenib (25 mg/kg)-treated C57BL/6 wildtype as well as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and lymphotoxin transgenic mice with and without HCC. Monocyte-derived Mϕ or tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) isolated from HCC tissue were treated with sorafenib (0.07-5.0 μg/mL) and cocultured with autologous NK cells. Mϕ and NK cell activation was analyzed …

Concept and History of the Serial Killer

2001

Some murderers kill three or more victims, with a certain cooling-off period between them. These are the so-called “serial killers.” John Wayne Gacy, Jose Antonio Rodriguez Vega, and Christa Lehmann are three such cases.