Search results for "kinetic energy"

showing 10 items of 400 documents

Two-Dimensional Modeling of a Flat-Plate Photocatalytic Reactor for Oxidation of Indoor Air Pollutants

2007

In this paper we present a two-dimensional (2-D) analysis of a narrow-slit, flat-plate, single-pass, flow-through photocatalytic reactor for air purification. The continuity equation for convection and diffusion in two dimensions, under un-steady-state conditions, was coupled with radiation field modeling and photocatalytic reaction kinetics to model the transient and steady-state behavior of the reactor. The model was applied to the photocatalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in humidified air streams under different experimental conditions. The kinetic parameters determined by a three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics model of the reactor were used in the 2-D model si…

Convectionbusiness.industryChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringDiffusionKineticsGeneral ChemistryMechanicsComputational fluid dynamicsKinetic energyIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringContinuity equationEnvironmental chemistryPhotocatalysisPhysics::Chemical PhysicsbusinessPlug flow reactor modelIndustrial & Engineering Chemistry Research
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A systematic comparison of kinetic modelling methods generating parametric maps for [11C]-(R)-PK11195

2006

[(11)C]-(R)-PK11195 is presently the most widely used radiotracer for the monitoring of microglia activity in the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, play a critical role in acute and chronic diseases of the central nervous system and in host defence against neoplasia. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the reliability and sensitivity of five kinetic modelling methods for the formation of parametric maps from dynamic [(11)C]-(R)-PK11195 studies. The methods we tested were the simplified reference tissue model (SRTM), basis pursuit, a simple target-to-reference ratio, the Logan plot and a wavelet based Logan plot. For the reliabilit…

Correlation coefficientComputer scienceCognitive NeuroscienceBasis pursuitKinetic energySensitivity and SpecificityWaveletAlzheimer DiseaseModelling methodsComputer GraphicsImage Processing Computer-AssistedCluster AnalysisHumansPharmacokineticsCarbon RadioisotopesMathematical ComputingParametric statisticsBrain Mappingbusiness.industryBrainIsoquinolinesReceptors GABA-ALogan plotHuntington DiseaseNeurologyPositron-Emission TomographyMicrogliaNuclear medicinebusinessNeuroImage
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Interference-assisted detection of dark photon using atomic transitions

2019

Dark photon is a massive vector particle which couples to the physical photon through the kinetic mixing term. Such particles, if exist, are produced in photon beams and, in particular, in laser radiation. Due to the oscillations between the physical photon and the dark photon, the latter may be, in principle, detected in the light-shining-through-a-wall experiment. We propose a variant of this experiment where the detection of dark photons is based on the atomic transitions. The key feature of this scheme is that the detection probability is first order in the coupling constant due to the interference term in the photon and dark photon absorption amplitudes. We expect that such experiment …

Coupling constantPhysicsPhotonAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)010308 nuclear & particles physicsFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsRadiationLaserKinetic energyComputer Science::Digital Libraries7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesDark photonlaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic PhysicsHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Amplitudelaw0103 physical sciencesAbsorption (logic)Atomic physics010306 general physics
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Kinetic study of the oxidation of [Fe(CN)6]4− by [Co(NH3)4pzCO2]2+ and S2O82- in the presence of the tripodal ligand Tren Aminopropil

2011

Abstract Oxidations (electron transfers) of [Fe(CN)6]4− by [Co(NH3)4pzCO2]2+ and S 2 O 8 2 - have been studied in solutions containing the receptor N,N′,N″-(aminopropil)-tris (2-aminoetil) amina [Tren Aminopropil, TAL], which can incorporate [Fe(CN)6]4− and S 2 O 8 2 - but not the cobalt complex. The results can be explained using the Bronsted equation that allows to obtain the binding constant of the transition state, a parameter that the Pseudophase Model cannot provide.

CrystallographychemistryComputational chemistryTripodal ligandGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementElectronPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryKinetic energyCobaltBinding constantChemical Physics Letters
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Path-wise versus kinetic modeling for equilibrating non-Langevin jump-type processes

2014

We discuss two independent methods of solution of a master equation whose biased jump transition rates account for long jumps of L\'{e}vy-stable type and nonetheless admit a Boltzmannian (thermal) equilibrium to arise in the large time asymptotics of a probability density function $\rho (x,t)$. Our main goal is to demonstrate a compatibility of a {\it direct} solution method (an explicit, albeit numerically assisted, integration of the master equation) with an {\it indirect} path-wise procedure, recently proposed in [Physica {\bf A 392}, 3485, (2013)] as a valid tool for a dynamical analysis of non-Langevin jump-type processes. The path-wise method heavily relies on an accumulation of large…

Direct solution methodStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)PhysicsQC1-999cauchy driverGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesmaster equationProbability density functionlévy processesKinetic energynon-langevin modellinggillespie’s algorithmLévy processboltzmann equilibriumThermalMaster equationJumpStatistical analysisStatistical physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanicspath-wise modellingMathematics
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Quantum field theory of dilute homogeneous Bose-Fermi mixtures at zero temperature: General formalism and beyond mean-field corrections

2002

We consider a dilute homogeneous mixture of bosons and spin-polarized fermions at zero temperature. We first construct the formal scheme for carrying out systematic perturbation theory in terms of single particle Green's functions. We introduce a new relevant object, the renormalized boson-fermion T-matrix which we determine to second order in the boson-fermion s-wave scattering length. We also discuss how to incorporate the usual boson-boson T-matrix in mean-field approximation to obtain the total ground state properties of the system. The next order term beyond mean-field stems from the boson-fermion interaction and is proportional to $a_{\scriptsize BF}k_{\scriptsize F}$. The total groun…

Einstein condensationDegeneracyHigh Energy Physics::LatticeCondensed Matter (cond-mat)FOS: Physical sciencesHE-3-HE-4 mixturesCondensed MatterKinetic energylaw.inventionlawQuantum mechanicsQuantum field theoryBosonPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesInstitut für Physik und AstronomieScattering lengthInteraction energyFermionCollisions.Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAtomic gasMean field theorySuperfluidityQuantum electrodynamicsBose–Einstein condensate
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Ultra-nonlocality in density functional theory for photo-emission spectroscopy.

2014

We derive an exact expression for the photo-current of photo-emission spectroscopy using time-dependent current density functional theory (TDCDFT). This expression is given as an integral over the Kohn-Sham spectral function renormalized by effective potentials that depend on the exchange-correlation kernel of current density functional theory. We analyze in detail the physical content of this expression by making a connection between the density-functional expression and the diagrammatic expansion of the photo-current within many-body perturbation theory. We further demonstrate that the density functional expression does not provide us with information on the kinetic energy distribution of…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsphotocurrentsphotoelectron spectroscopyGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesKinetic energySettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaQuantum nonlocalitykineticsQuantum electrodynamicsKernel (statistics)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Density functional theoryEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theorySpectroscopyThe Journal of chemical physics
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First operation of the superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator as an energy recovery linac

2020

The superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator (S-DALINAC) has been operated as an energy recovery linac (ERL) for the first time. The S-DALINAC is a recirculating superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) accelerator and had been upgraded with an additional recirculation beamline. It features a path length adjustment system that provides a freedom of choice of 360\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} for the rf phase difference between the electron bunches recirculated through the new beamline and the phase of the accelerating ${\mathrm{TM}}_{010}$ mode of the oscillating electromagnetic field in the SRF cavities of the accelerator. A choice of around 180\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree…

Electromagnetic fieldSuperconductivityPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Phase (waves)Particle acceleratorSurfaces and InterfacesKinetic energylaw.inventionNuclear physicsBeamlinelawlcsh:QC770-798Physics::Accelerator Physicslcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. RadioactivityEnergy (signal processing)Beam (structure)Physical Review Accelerators and Beams
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A molecular electron density theory study of the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of nitrones with ketenes.

2017

The [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction between nitrones and ketenes has been studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the Density Functional Theory (DFT) MPWB1K/6-311G(d,p) computational level. Analysis of the conceptual DFT reactivity indices allows the explanation of the reactivity, and the chemo- and regioselectivity experimentally observed. The particular mechanism of this 32CA reaction involving low electrophilic ketenes has been elucidated by using a bonding evolution theory (BET) study. It is determined that this reaction takes place in one kinetic step only but in a non-concerted manner since two stages are clearly identified. Indeed, the formation of the se…

Electron density010405 organic chemistryChemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryRegioselectivity010402 general chemistryKinetic energy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesEvolution theoryComputational chemistryElectrophileDensity functional theoryReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryOrganicbiomolecular chemistry
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Determination of transport and kinetic properties in self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

2007

International audience; Exothermic reactions in solid powders are analyzed using the usual macroscopic modeling based on the heat transfer equation coupled to an Arrhenius type of dynamics. This problem have important applications in the synthesis of intermetallics and ceramic materials which occur when a high temperature reaction wave propagates throughout the system. Understanding the mechanism of such processes are thus crucial in mastering real laboratory experiments. We first analyze the model, both theoretically and numerically, for a set of representative parameters. We then use traditional data analyses procedures to estimate from the temperature profiles the same set of representat…

Exothermic reactionChemical substanceIntermetallics[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Self-propagating high-temperature synthesisThermodynamics02 engineering and technologyActivation energy010402 general chemistryKinetic energy01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakePowder metallurgyMaterials ChemistryThermal analysisThermal analysisArrhenius equationChemistryMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysMechanicsComputer simulation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciences[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Mechanics of MaterialsHeat transfer[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]symbols[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Solid-state reactions0210 nano-technologyJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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