Search results for "kinetics"

showing 10 items of 2224 documents

Kinetics of the Strain-Promoted Oxidation-Controlled Cycloalkyne-1,2-quinone Cycloaddition: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

2018

Stimulated by its success in both bioconjugation and surface modification, we studied the strain-promoted oxidation-controlled cycloalkyne–1,2-quinone cycloaddition (SPOCQ) in three ways. First, the second-order rate constants and activation parameters (ΔH⧧) were determined of various cyclooctynes reacting with 4-tert-butyl-1,2-quinone in a SPOCQ reaction, yielding values for ΔH⧧ of 4.5, 7.3, and 12.1 kcal/mol, for bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne (BCN), cyclooctyne (OCT), and dibenzoazacyclooctyne (DIBAC), respectively. Second, their reaction paths were investigated in detail by a range of quantum mechanical calculations. Single-configuration theoretical methods, like various DFT and a range of MP2…

Bicyclic molecule010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryKineticsSolvationCycloalkyne010402 general chemistryOrganische Chemie01 natural sciencesArticleCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesQuinonechemistry.chemical_compoundReaction rate constantComputational chemistryLife ScienceSurface modificationQuímica orgànicaVLAGThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Synthesis of new, UV-photoactive dansyl derivatives for flow cytometric studies on bile acid uptake.

2009

Four new fluorescent derivatives of cholic acid have been synthesized; they incorporate a dansyl moiety at 3 alpha-, 3 beta-, 7 alpha- or 7 beta- positions. These cholic acid analogs are UV photoactive and also exhibit green fluorescence. In addition, they have been demonstrated to be suitable for studying the kinetics of bile acid transport by flow cytometry.

Bile acid transportmedicine.drug_classPhotochemistryUltraviolet RaysKineticsMolecular ConformationBiochemistryFluorescenceFlow cytometrychemistry.chemical_compoundfluids and secretionsmedicinepolycyclic compoundsMoietyAnimalsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryDansyl CompoundsChromatographyBile acidmedicine.diagnostic_testOrganic ChemistryCholic acidCholic AcidsStereoisomerismFlow CytometryFluorescenceRatsKineticschemistryLiverOrganicbiomolecular chemistry
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The effect of N-tetradecyl-N,N-dimethylamine oxide micelles on the kinetics of the electron transfer reaction of Ce(IV) with substituted malonic acids

2009

Abstract The kinetics of the oxidation of malonic acid and (its substituted compounds, methyl-, ethyl-, butyl- and benzyl-malonic acid) by ceric ions has been studied at 20.0 °C in the absence and the presence of the surfactant N-tetradecyl-N,N-dimethylamine oxide (C 14 DMAO). The addition of increasing amounts of C 14 DMAO influences the rate of the redox process to an extent that significantly depends on the hydrophobicity of the reducing species. The reactivity data together with the estimated binding constants and the standard transfer free energies of the malonic acids from water to the micelles suggest that the malonic acid is confined to the aqueous pseudo-phase while for the other s…

Binding constant; {C14DMAO}; Malonic acids; Redox polymerization{C14DMAO}Aqueous solutionChemistryStereochemistryKineticsBinding constantMalonic acidsMalonic acidRedoxMedicinal chemistryMicelleC14DMAO Binding constant Malonic acids Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction Redox polymerizationchemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferRedox polymerizationColloid and Surface ChemistryBinding constant; C14DMAO; Malonic acids; Redox polymerizationC14DMAOReactivity (chemistry)DimethylamineSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Nucleation pathway and kinetics of phase-separating active Brownian particles

2016

Suspensions of purely repulsive but self-propelled Brownian particles might undergo phase separation, a phenomenon that strongly resembles the phase separation of passive particles with attractions. Here we employ computer simulations to study the nucleation kinetics and the microscopic pathway active Brownian disks take in two dimensions when quenched from the homogeneous suspension to propulsion speeds beyond the binodal. We find the same qualitative behavior for the nucleation rate as a function of density as for a passive suspension undergoing liquid-vapor separation, suggesting that the scenario of an effective free energy also extends to the kinetics of phase separation. We study the …

BinodalMaterials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)KineticsNucleationFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesTransition stateSuspension (chemistry)Chemical physicsPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesCluster (physics)Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyBrownian motionCondensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
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PSA and PSA Kinetics Thresholds for the Presence of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT-Detectable Lesions in Patients with Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer

2020

68Ga-PSMA-11 positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is commonly used for restaging recurrent prostate cancer (PC) in European clinical practice. The goal of this study is to determine the optimum time for performing these PET/CT scans in a large cohort of patients by identifying the prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) and PSA kinetics thresholds for detecting and localizing recurrent PC. This retrospective analysis includes 581 patients with biochemical recurrence (BC) by definition. The performance of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in relation to the PSA value at the scan time as well as PSA kinetics was assessed by the receiver-operating-characteristic-curve (ROC) generated by plottin…

Biochemical recurrenceCancer Researchmedicine.medical_treatment68Gallium-PSMA PET/CTurologic and male genital diseaseslcsh:RC254-282030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicine<sup>68</sup>gallium-psma pet/ctprostate-specific-antigenPSA kinetics thresholdsbiochemical recurrenceMedicineoptimal cutoff levelPET-CTPsa kineticsbusiness.industryProstatectomylcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensprostate cancermedicine.diseaseRadiation therapyProstate-specific antigenOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRecurrent prostate cancerbusinessNuclear medicineCancers
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Determination of lectin-cell-binding parameters by a new agglutination technique.

1992

We applied a recently described technique which is based on a light transmission/scattering method to determine the association characteristics of the Geodia lectin to sheep erythrocytes. The agglutination assays were performed in a total volume of 3 ml with 5.4 x 10(6) erythrocytes/ml. At a concentration of 360 ng/ml 50% of the lectin molecules were bound to the cells within the first 10 s of incubation. Scatchard analyses revealed an association constant (K(a)) of 0.9 +/- 0.1 x 10(8) M-1 and a number of 3.8 +/- 0.6 x 10(6) lectin binding sites on one erythrocyte. The method was also successfully applied to determine quantitatively the inhibitory potential of sugars competing with cell sur…

BiochemistryAgglutination techniquechemistry.chemical_compoundLectinsmedicineAnimalsLactoseIncubationchemistry.chemical_classificationScatchard plotChromatographySheepbiologyChemistryLectinHemagglutination TestsHemagglutination Inhibition TestsPoriferaRed blood cellAgglutination (biology)Kineticsmedicine.anatomical_structureReceptors MitogenImmunologyCalibrationbiology.proteinGlycoproteinProtein BindingBiological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler
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A solid device based on doped hybrid composites for controlling the dosage of the biocide N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecyl-1,3-propanediamine in industria…

2015

A colorimetric composite device is proposed to determine the widely used biocide N-(3-aminopropyl)-N-dodecyl-1,3-propanediamine (ADP).This sensing device is based on a film of 1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-sulfonate (NQS) embedded into polydimethylsiloxane-tetraethylortosilicate-SiO2 nanoparticles composite (PDMS-TEOS-SiO2NPs). Semiquantitative analysis can be performed by visual inspection. Digitalized image or diffuse reflectance (DR) measurements can be carried out for quantitative analysis. Satisfactory detection limit (0.018%, w/v) and relative standard deviations <12% were achieved. The proposed device has been applied for the determination of ADP in detergent industrial formulations with reco…

BiocideChemistry PharmaceuticalDetergentsComposite numberAnalytical chemistryNQSNanoparticle02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDimethylpolysiloxanesDetection limitPropylaminesPolydimethylsiloxaneChemistry010401 analytical chemistrySilanesSilicon Dioxide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesKineticsColorimetryDiffuse reflection0210 nano-technologyQuantitative analysis (chemistry)DisinfectantsNaphthoquinonesTalanta
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PLA graphene nanoplatelets nanocomposites: Physical properties and release kinetics of an antimicrobial agent

2017

Abstract Graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) as filler and ciprofloxacin (CFX) as biocide were incorporated via melt-compounding into poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to obtain biopolymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial properties. GnP were added with the aim of improving the mechanical properties of the antimicrobial system and tuning the drug release. The obtained systems were mechanically characterized in tensile mode by quasi-static and dynamic mechanical tests. Furthermore, rheological measurements were performed. The morphology of the samples was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, a mathematical model, i.e. power law model, was used to fit the release data in order…

BiocideMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeKinetics02 engineering and technologyAntimicrobial activityengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringpoly(lactic acid) (PLA)RheologyUltimate tensile strengthGraphene nanoplatelets (GnP)Composite materialNanocompositeNanocompositeMechanical EngineeringDrug release021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAntimicrobial0104 chemical sciencesMechanics of MaterialsCeramics and CompositesengineeringBiopolymer0210 nano-technologyMechanical propertieComposites Part B: Engineering
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Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Physical and Antimicrobial Properties of Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposites

2016

In this work, biopolymer-based nanocomposites with antimicrobial properties were prepared via melt-compounding. In particular, graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) as fillers and an antibiotic, i.e., ciprofloxacin (CFX), as biocide were incorporated in a commercial biodegradable polymer blend of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and a copolyester (BioFlex®). The prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and rheological and mechanical measurements. Moreover, the effect of GnPs on the antimicrobial properties and release kinetics of CFX was evaluated. The results indicated that the incorporation of GnPs increased the stiffness of the biopolymeric matrix and allowed for the t…

BiocideMaterials scienceScanning electron microscopeKineticsAntimicrobial activity; Ciprofloxacin; Drug release; Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs); Nanocomposites; Poly(lactic acid) (PLA); Materials Science (all)02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceslcsh:TechnologyArticlepoly(lactic acid) (PLA)ciprofloxacinnanocompositesGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materiallcsh:Microscopydrug releaselcsh:QC120-168.85NanocompositeNanocompositeantimicrobial activitylcsh:QH201-278.5lcsh:T021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAntimicrobialBiodegradable polymerCopolyestergraphene nanoplatelets (GnPs)0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringnanocomposites; graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs); poly(lactic acid) (PLA); antimicrobial activity; drug release; ciprofloxacinlcsh:TA1-2040engineeringlcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicsMaterials Science (all)Biopolymerlcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering0210 nano-technologylcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)lcsh:TK1-9971Materials; Volume 9; Issue 5; Pages: 351
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Design, characterization and in vitro evaluation of 5-aminosalicylic acid loaded N-succinyl-chitosan microparticles for colon specific delivery

2011

The objective of this study was to prepare NS-chitosan microparticles for the delivery of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) to the colon. Microparticles can spread out over a large area of colon allowing a more effective local efficacy of 5-ASA. N-Succinyl-chitosan was chosen as carrier system because of its excellent pharmaceutical properties in colon drug targeting such as poor solubility in acid environment, biocompatibility, mucoadhesive properties, and low toxicity. It was prepared by introducing succinic group into chitosan N-terminals of the glucosamine units. 5-ASA loaded NS-chitosan microparticles were prepared using spray-drying. As a control, a matrix obtained by freeze-drying techni…

BiocompatibilityCarrier systemColonStatic ElectricityBiocompatible MaterialsNanotechnologyChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsColloid and Surface ChemistryDifferential scanning calorimetryX-Ray DiffractionSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineZeta potentialHumansDesiccationParticle SizePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolubilityMesalamineChitosanCalorimetry Differential ScanningSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMicrospheresKineticsFreeze DryingSolubilitychemistryTargeted drug deliveryMicroscopy Electron ScanningWettabilitySwellingmedicine.symptomRheologyBiotechnologyNuclear chemistryColloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces
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