Search results for "kognitiiviset taidot"

Sukupuoli, ei-kognitiiviset piirteet ja talousosaaminen osaamisjakauman eri kohdissa PISA-tutkimuksessa

2021

School-based group intervention in attention and executive functions: Intervention response and moderators

2022

ObjectiveThis study investigated the effects of a school-based skill-training intervention in attention control and executive functions for pupils with hyperactivity-impulsivity (H-I) and cognitive control (CC) deficits. The main aim was to examine whether the intervention differently influenced H-I and CC, and whether cognitive abilities or conduct problems moderated response to the intervention.MethodElementary school pupils from 41 schools participated the study and were divided into an intervention group (n = 71) and a waitlist control group (n = 77). Intervention outcomes were assessed with an inventory assessing executive function difficulties (including H-I and CC) completed by class…

Kognitiivisen toimintakyvyn yhteys tasapainoon ja tasapainon varmuuteen lonkkamurtumasta toipuvilla iäkkäillä henkilöillä

2015

Iäkkäiden henkilöiden osuus väestössä kasvaa, jonka vuoksi myös lonkkamurtumien määrä nousee. Lonkkamurtuma on iäkkäälle henkilölle dramaattinen tapahtuma, joka heikentää elämänlaatua ja lisää laitoshoidon ja kuoleman riskiä. Yksilölle koituvan haitan lisäksi lonkkamurtumien hoidosta ja kuntoutuksesta aiheutuu kustannuksia yhteiskunnalle. Heikon kognitiivisen toimintakyvyn on todettu olevan yhteydessä iäkkäiden henkilöiden heikentyneeseen tasapainon hallintaan, joka osaltaan lisäävät kaatumisen riskiä. Tämän tutkielman tarkoitus oli selvittää onko kognitiivisen toimintakyvyn taso yhteydessä lonkkamurtumasta toipuvien iäkkäiden henkilöiden tasapainon hallintaan ja tasapainon varmuuteen. Tutk…

Secular rise in economically valuable personality traits

2017

Although trends in many physical characteristics and cognitive capabilities of modern humans are well-documented, less is known about how personality traits have evolved over time. We analyze data from a standardized personality test administered to 79% of Finnish men born between 1962 and 1976 (n = 419,523) and find steady increases in personality traits that predict higher income in later life. The magnitudes of these trends are similar to the simultaneous increase in cognitive abilities, at 0.2-0.6 SD during the 15-y window. When anchored to earnings, the change in personality traits amounts to a 12% increase. Both personality and cognitive ability have consistent associations with famil…

The timing of puberty and gender differences in educational achievement

2017

In this paper, we study the effect of the timing of puberty on educational achievement and examine to what extent the gender differences in the timing of puberty can explain gender differences in achievement. We use British cohort data that combine information on pubertal development with test scores, behavioral outcomes as well as final educational attainment and earnings. Controlling for age 7 cognitive skills and family background, we show that late pubertal development is associated with a slower rate of cognitive skill growth during adolescence. This disadvantage in cognitive development is also reflected in lower levels of educational attainment and earnings for late developed individ…

Aberrant brain functional networks in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A graph theoretical and support-vector machine approach

2022

ObjectiveType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a high risk of cognitive decline and dementia, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet clearly understood. This study aimed to explore the functional connectivity (FC) and topological properties among whole brain networks and correlations with impaired cognition and distinguish T2DM from healthy controls (HC) to identify potential biomarkers for cognition abnormalities.MethodsA total of 80 T2DM and 55 well-matched HC were recruited in this study. Subjects’ clinical data, neuropsychological tests and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired. Whole-brain network FC were mapped, the topological characteristics were ana…

Mitä ihmettä - valokuvissako lajityyppejä?

2011

Students’ collaboration dispositions across diverse skills of collaborative problem solving in a computer-based assessment environment

2023

Collaborative problem solving (CPS) has been considered as one of the vital 21st century skills. To be successful in CPS requires not only CPS skills but also positive attitudes towards collaboration (i.e., collaboration dispositions). However, the relationship between CPS skills and collaboration dispositions has not been studied much, especially among early adolescent students. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dimensions of students' collaboration dispositions and their relationship to students' assessed CPS skills (i.e., social and cognitive skills of CPS, see Hesse et al., [2015]). Data were collected from 214 Finnish sixth-grade students (Meanage = 12.44, SDage = 0.32, f…

The combined effect of lower extremity function and cognitive performance on perceived walking ability among older people : a 2-year follow-up study

2018

Background We studied the combined effects of cognitive performance and lower extremity function on self-reported walking modifications and walking difficulty and on self-reported walking difficulty incidence over a 2-year follow-up. Methods A total of 848 community-dwelling older people aged 75-90 years participated at baseline, 816 at the 1-year follow-up, and 761 at the 2-year follow-up. Baseline lower extremity function was measured with the Short Physical Performance Battery (<10 vs. ≥10) and cognitive performance with the Mini-Mental State Examination (<24 vs. ≥24). Difficulty in walking 2 km was self-reported and categorized into no difficulties, no difficulties but walking modificat…

Rats bred for low intrinsic aerobic exercise capacity link obesity with brain inflammation and reduced structural plasticity of the hippocampus.

2021

Abstract BACKGROUND Increasing evidence shows obesity and poor metabolic health are associated with cognitive deficits, but the mechanistic connections have yet to be resolved. We studied rats selectively bred for low and high intrinsic aerobic capacity in order to test the association between low physical fitness, a genetic predisposition for obesity, and brain health. We hypothesized that low-capacity runner (LCR) rats with concurrently greater levels of adiposity would have increased hippocampal inflammation and reduced plasticity compared to the more physically fit high-capacity runner (HCR) rats. METHODS We examined markers for inflammation and brain plasticity in the hippocampi of LCR…