Search results for "laser"

showing 10 items of 3161 documents

Monitoring of the action of drugs in melanoma cells by dynamic laser speckle

2014

Abstract. This work presents the development of a protocol based on the dynamic laser speckle designed tomonitor the reaction of cancer cells of line MEL-RC08 to the application of the drug Colcemid in two differentconcentrations: 0.2 and 0.4 μg∕mL. The protocol was designed using the forward scattering approach with anHe-Ne laser of 632.8 nm illuminating the samples, a control, and two variations of Colcemid, being monitoredalong 8 h. The data were analyzed numerically in the time and in the frequency domain, and the results pre-sented the ability of the technique to monitor the action of the drug, particularly Colcemid (0.4 μg∕mL). © 2014Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers …

Diagnostic ImagingCellular activityComputer scienceBiomedical Engineeringlaw.inventionBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundSpeckle patternKey pointOpticslawCell Line TumorImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineHumansInstrumentation (computer programming)MelanomaAnalysis of VarianceColcemidbusiness.industryLasersMelanomaCell CycleDemecolcineLasermedicine.diseaseAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryFrequency domainbusinessBiomedical engineeringJournal of Biomedical Optics
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Femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy of air–methane mixtures

2013

Abstract Femtosecond laser pulses are used in order to induce dielectric breakdown in gaseous mixtures, namely in some reactive air–methane mixtures. The light emitted from the laser induced plasma was analyzed while the main emission features are identified and assigned. From the analysis of the emission spectra, a linear relationship was found to hold between the intensity of some spectral features and methane content. Finally, the use of femtosecond laser induced breakdown as a tool for the in situ determination of the composition of gaseous mixtures (e.g., equivalence ratio) is also discussed.

Dielectric strengthChemistryAnalytical chemistryPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPlasmaLaserMethanelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawFemtosecondLaser-induced breakdown spectroscopyEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIntensity (heat transfer)Chemical Physics Letters
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Evaluation and management of hemorrhoids: Italian society of colorectal surgery (SICCR) consensus statement

2015

Hemorrhoids are one of the most common medical and surgical diseases and the main reason for a visit to a coloproctologist. This consensus statement was drawn up by the Italian society of colorectal surgery in order to provide practice parameters for an accurate assessment of the disease and consequent appropriate treatment. The authors made a careful search in the main databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane), and all results were classified on the basis of the grade of recommendation (A-C) of the American College of Chest Physicians.

Dietary FiberMaleHemorrhoidectomymedicine.medical_specialtyStatement (logic)Infrared Raysmedicine.medical_treatmentSettore MED/18 - CHIRURGIA GENERALEMEDLINEAnal CanalDiseaseHemorrhoidsHemorrhoidsPregnancySclerotherapymedicineSclerotherapyHumansDisease management (health)Medicine Chinese TraditionalLigationDigestive System Surgical ProceduresHemorrhoidectomy; Hemorrhoids; Anal Canal; Colorectal Surgery; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Female; Hemorrhoidectomy; Hemorrhoids; Humans; Infrared Rays; Italy; Laser Coagulation; Ligation; Male; Medicine Chinese Traditional; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Sclerotherapy; Disease Management; Gastroenterology; Surgery; Medicine (all)Laser Coagulationbusiness.industryGeneral surgeryMedicine (all)GastroenterologyDisease ManagementDigestive System Surgical ProcedureInfrared Raymedicine.diseaseColorectal surgeryPregnancy ComplicationSurgeryDietPregnancy ComplicationsItalyFemaleSurgerybusinessHemorrhoidColorectal SurgeryAbdominal surgeryHuman
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Wavelength-compensated time-sequential multiplexed color joint transform correlator

2010

We report a wavelength-compensated three-channel (RGB) joint transform correlator (JTC) for color pattern recognition using a ferroelectric liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) operating in binary pure phase modulation. We apply a previously reported time-multiplexing technique useful in creating wavelength-compensated diffraction patterns, based on the synchronization of properly scaled diffraction masks with the input wavelength selection obtained by applying a rotating RGB color-filter wheel to an Ar-Kr laser. The application of this technique to a JTC architecture permits real-time color object detection. In order to achieve a high light efficiency for the correlation process, w…

DiffractionChannel (digital image)Computer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONColorPhysics::OpticsMultiplexingIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringSpectral linePattern Recognition Automatedlaw.inventionOpticslawImage Processing Computer-AssistedComputer SimulationBusiness and International ManagementComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICSSpatial light modulatorbusiness.industryLasersSpectrum AnalysisLaserObject detectionLiquid CrystalsLiquid crystal on siliconRGB color modelbusinessPhase modulationApplied Optics
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Laser-Generated Acoustic Signal Interaction with Surface Flaws on Rail Wheels

2005

Long- and short-range acoustic-signal interaction with surface-breaking cracks and geometric boundaries of the rail-wheel tread area are presented in this article. Ultrasonic signals are generated using a laser-line source of varying length and distance from a crack and are detected with a 1-MHz contact transducer to map the sound field behind the crack in the near, intermediate, and far fields of the insonified region. The factors that affect the behavior of a laser-generated surface acoustic wave propagating along the tread area of a rail wheel are discussed. A signal normalization method is proposed to help in sensing the presence of a crack from the transmitted signal unaffected by the …

DiffractionEngineeringbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringAcousticsSurface acoustic waveAcoustic waveCondensed Matter PhysicsLine sourceCracks laser ultrasound line source rail wheel shadow zone sound fieldTransducerMechanics of MaterialsGeneral Materials ScienceUltrasonic sensorSurface acoustic wave sensorTreadbusiness
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Parallel laser micromachining based on diffractive optical elements with dispersion compensated femtosecond pulses

2013

We experimentally demonstrate multi-beam high spatial resolution laser micromachining with femtosecond pulses. The effects of chromatic aberrations as well as pulse stretching on the material processed due to diffraction were significantly mitigated by using a suited dispersion compensated module (DCM). This permits to increase the area of processing in a factor 3 in comparison with a conventional setup. Specifically, 52 blind holes have been drilled simultaneously onto a stainless steel sample with a 30 fs laser pulse in a parallel processing configuration.

DiffractionFemtosecond pulse shapingMaterials scienceChromatic aberrationElectromagnetic pulseDiffraction efficiencyEngineering controlled termsUltrashort pulseslaw.inventionOpticslawLaser micro-machiningChromatic aberrationParallel processingDispersionsElectromagnetic pulseHigh spatial resolutionbusiness.industryEngineering main headingLaserBlind holesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAberrationsPulse stretchingParallel processing (DSP implementation)Fs laser pulseFemtosecondbusinessOptics Express
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Thermo-optical mirror on a free ferrofluid surface

1997

Here we report on the first, to our knowledge, direct experimental observation of giant thermo-optical mirror effect on the free surface of ferrofluid under He-Ne laser excitation. In our experiment a slightly focused laser beam of power in mW range is incident nearly normally to the surface, and a characteristic diffraction ring pattern has been observed in reflection mode. Concave surface deformation has been clearly observed at laser irradiated spot and has been explained in terms of lubrication theory approach for laser driven thermocapillary motion in thin layer of light absorbing fluid.

DiffractionFerrofluidMaterials sciencebusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsDeformation (meteorology)LaserLubrication theorylaw.inventionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsOpticslawFree surfaceReflection (physics)businessExcitationSPIE Proceedings
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Optically Forged Diffraction-Unlimited Ripples in Graphene

2018

In nanofabrication, just as in any other craft, the scale of spatial details is limited by the dimensions of the tool at hand. For example, the smallest details for direct laser writing with far-field light are set by the diffraction limit, which is approximately half of the used wavelength. In this work, we overcome this universal assertion by optically forging graphene ripples that show features with dimensions unlimited by diffraction. Thin sheet elasticity simulations suggest that the scaled-down ripples originate from the interplay between substrate adhesion, in-plane strain, and circular symmetry. The optical forging technique thus offers an accurate way to modify and shape two-dimens…

DiffractionLetterMaterials scienceta221FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::Opticsnanotekniikka02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesForginglaw.inventionResonatornanorakenteetlawMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesgrafeeniGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsta116PlasmonCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114business.industryGraphenegraphene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaseroptical forgingWavelengthNanolithographyOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessJournal of Physical Chemistry Letters
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Generation of Bessel beam arrays through Dammann gratings.

2012

In this work we apply the Dammann grating concept to generate an equal-intensity square array of Bessel quasi-free diffraction beams that diverge from a common center. We generate a binary phase mask that combines the axicon phase with the phase of a Dammann grating. The procedure can be extended to include vortex spiral phases that generate an array of optical pipes. Experimental results are provided by means of a twisted nematic liquid crystal display operating as a binary π phase spatial light modulator.

DiffractionLightOptical PhenomenaPhase (waves)Physics::OpticsGratingAxiconOpticsScattering RadiationComputer SimulationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringEngineering (miscellaneous)Diffraction gratingPhysicsSpatial light modulatorbusiness.industryLasersOptical DevicesEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLiquid CrystalsRefractometryBessel beamComputer-Aided DesignbusinessPhase modulationAlgorithmsApplied optics
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Ultraviolet holographic recording in photopolymers

2011

Norland Optical Adhesive (NOA) acrylate based photopolymers were studied as a medium for Bragg grating fabrication. NOA photopolymers have absorption maximum in near UV region, but they are transparent in visible light region. Photopolymers were irradiated by He-Cd laser 325 nm line interference patterns during holographic recording. In light irradiated regions photopolymerization takes place and volume grating can be recorded. Diffraction efficiency in dependence on sample thickness, recording beams polarization state and intensity was investigated on transmission mode. Enlargement of sample thickness allows to achieve better angular selectivity of diffracted beam, therefore thickness of p…

DiffractionMaterials scienceHolographic gratingbusiness.industryGratingCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserDiffraction efficiencylaw.inventionOpticsFiber Bragg gratinglawOptoelectronicsbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Visible spectrumphysica status solidi c
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