Search results for "layer"

Hydrogen and Deuterium Incorporation in ZnO Films Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition

2021

Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were grown by atomic layer deposition using diethylzinc (DEZ) and water. In addition to depositions with normal water, heavy water (2H2O) was used in order to study the reaction mechanisms and the hydrogen incorporation at different deposition temperatures from 30 to 200 °C. The total hydrogen concentration in the films was found to increase as the deposition temperature decreased. When the deposition temperature decreased close to room temperature, the main source of impurity in hydrogen changed from 1H to 2H. A sufficiently long purging time changed the main hydrogen isotope incorporated in the film back to 1H. A multiple short pulse scheme was used to study th…

Depth profiling of Al2O3 + TiO2 nanolaminates by means of a time-of-flight energy spectrometer

2011

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is currently a widespread method to grow conformal thin films with a sub-nm thickness control. By using ALD for nanolaminate oxides, it is possible to fine tune the electrical, optical and mechanical properties of thin films. In this study the elemental depth profiles and surface roughnesses were determined for Al2O3 + TiO2 nanolaminates with nominal single-layer thicknesses of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 nm and total thickness between 40 nm and 60 nm. The depth profiles were measured by means of a time-of-flight elastic recoil detection analysis (ToF-ERDA) spectrometer recently installed at the University of Jyväskylä. In TOF-E measurements 63Cu, 35Cl, 12C and 4He ions…

Low-Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of High-k SbOx for Thin Film Transistors

2022

SbOx thin films are deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using SbCl5 and Sb(NMe2)3 as antimony reactants and H2O and H2O2 as oxidizers at low temperatures. SbCl5 can react with both oxidizers, while no deposition is found to occur using Sb(NMe2)3 and H2O. For the first time, the reaction mechanism and dielectric properties of ALD-SbOx thin films are systematically studied, which exhibit a high breakdown field of ≈4 MV cm−1 and high areal capacitance ranging from 150 to 200 nF cm−2, corresponding to a dielectric constant ranging from 10 to 13. The ZnO semiconductor layer is integrated into a SbOx dielectric layer, and thin film transistors (TFTs) are successfully fabricated. A TFT with…

Ultrasound Effects after Post Space Preparation: An SEM Study

2006

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic treatment on occlusion of dentine tubules in root canal walls after post space preparation in endodontically treated teeth. Twenty-four premolars were instrumented and filled using warm vertical condensation; after post space preparation, they were divided into two groups. The control group was treated using the etching procedure. The experiment samples were treated with EDTA irrigation and ultrasound activation for 30 s before the etching procedure. The roots were divided and the canal walls were examined under SEM at 1000x magnification. The debris and open tubule marks were observed at 2, 6, and 10 mm levels using a three-ste…

Binding, Interaction, and Organization of Proteins with Lipid Model Membranes

1991

Model membrane systems are used to investigate protein recognition and binding at interfaces. Fluorescence microscopy results are presented for interactions of the proteins, phospholipase A2 and antifluorescyl IgG, at lipid monolayer interfaces. Total internal reflection fluorescence measurements are used to quantify albumin and IgG adsorption to supported lipid monolayers.

Shipborne measurements of Antarctic submicron organic aerosols: an NMR perspective linking multiple sources and bioregions

2020

Special issue Marine organic matter: from biological production in the ocean toorganic aerosol particles and marine clouds (ACP/OS inter-journalSI).-- 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, supplement https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4193-2020

Receptors Linked to Hydrolysis of Choline Phospholipids: the Role of Phospholipase D in a Putative Mechanism of Signal Transduction

1990

The structure and basic functions of biomembranes are essentially determined by the lipid bilayer. In contrast, specific membrane functions, such as signal recognition and transduction and transport processes, have been preferentially attributed to proteins that are embedded in the outer or inner leaflet of this bilayer or may span the membrane up to five times or more, as in the case of receptor molecules. The segregating view of membrane protein and lipid functions may have delayed a broad research interest in the dynamic interactions between these components of the membrane. The present review is devoted to such a recently discovered interaction: the coupling of receptor activation and h…

Lipids of the Plant Plasma Membrane

2010

The plasma membrane (PM) is arguably the most diverse membrane of the plant cell. Furthermore, the protein and lipid composition of the PM varies with cell type, developmental stage, and environment. Physical properties of lipids and associate proteins allow the formation of a barrier that is selectively permeable to macromolecules and solutes. As the plasma membrane delineates the interface between the cell and the environment, it is the primary part of signal recognition and transduction into intracellular responses for nutritional uptake/distribution, environmental responses, and developmental signaling. Many essential PM functions are carried out by proteinaceous components. However, PM…

Monolayer and multilayer field-effect transistors based on a high-mobility n-type polymer: effect of the polymeric texture on charge transport

2012

Photoluminescence Enhancement by Band Alignment Engineering in MoS 2 /FePS 3 van der Waals Heterostructures

2022

Single-layer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (2H-TMDs) display robust excitonic photoluminescence emission, which can be improved by controlled changes to the environment and the chemical potential of the material. However, a drastic emission quench has been generally observed when TMDs are stacked in van der Waals heterostructures, which often favor the nonradiative recombination of photocarriers. Herein, we achieve an enhancement of the photoluminescence of single-layer MoS2 on top of van der Waals FePS3. The optimal energy band alignment of this heterostructure preserves light emission of MoS2 against nonradiative interlayer recombination processes and favors the charge t…