Search results for "layer"

showing 10 items of 2667 documents

The Application of Different Model of Multi-Layer Perceptrons in the Estimation of Wind Speed

2012

Wind speed forecasting is essential for effective planning of wind energy exploitation projects. The ability to predict short-term wind speed is a prerequisite for all the operators of the wind energy sector. Consequently it is essential to identify an efficient method for forecasts. In this paper, the wind speed in the province of Trapani (Sicily) is modeled by artificial neural network. Several model of neural network were generated and compared through error measures. Simulation results show that the estimated values of wind speed are in good agreement with the values measured by anemometers..

EstimationArtificial neural networks multi-layer perceptrons wind speed predictionEngineeringWind powerArtificial neural networkMeteorologybusiness.industryAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGeneral EngineeringPerceptronWind speedAnemometerPhysics::Space PhysicsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsbusinessMulti layerPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsAdvanced Materials Research
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Nanoseconds Timing System Based on IEEE 1588 FPGA Implementation

2019

Clock synchronization procedures are mandatory in most physical experiments where event fragments are readout by spatially dislocated sensors and must be glued together to reconstruct key parameters (e.g. energy, interaction vertex etc.) of the process under investigation. These distributed data readout topologies rely on an accurate time information available at the frontend, where raw data are acquired and tagged with a precise timestamp prior to data buffering and central data collecting. This makes the network complexity and latency, between frontend and backend electronics, negligible within upper bounds imposed by the frontend data buffer capability. The proposed research work describ…

EthernetFOS: Computer and information sciencesNuclear and High Energy PhysicsEye diagram; field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); front-end electronics; hardware; synchronization; timing systemfront-end electronicEye diagramtiming systemSerial communicationData bufferNetwork topology01 natural sciencesClock synchronizationNOComputer Science - Networking and Internet ArchitecturePE2_20103 physical sciencesSynchronization (computer science)hardwareElectrical and Electronic EngineeringNetworking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentalefront-end electronicsNuclear Energy and Engineeringfield-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)Precision Time ProtocolbusinesssynchronizationComputer hardwareData link layer
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Relationship between the structure of amphiphilic copolymers and their ability to disturb lipid bilayers.

2005

Nonionic amphiphiles and particularly block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (Pluronics) cause pronounced chemosensitization of tumor cells that exhibit multiple resistance to antineoplastic drugs. This effect is due to inhibition of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) responsible for drug efflux. It was suggested that the inhibition of P-gp might be due to changes in its lipid surrounding. Indeed, high dependence of P-gp activity on the membrane microviscosity was demonstrated [Regev et al. (1999) Eur. J. Biochem. 259, 18-24], suggesting that the ability of Pluronics to affect the P-gp activity is mediated by their effect on the membrane structure. We have found recently that adsorption …

Ethylene OxideGlycerolFree RadicalsPolymersLipid BilayersPoloxamerBiochemistryPermeabilityPolyethylene GlycolsMicroviscositychemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipAmphiphilePolymer chemistryCopolymerAnimalsHexanesLipid bilayerLiposomeEthylene oxideWaterMembranes ArtificialPoloxamerMembranechemistryDoxorubicinLiposomesBiophysicsPhosphatidylcholinesEpoxy CompoundsCattleAdsorptionBiochemistry
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Tail and Head Group Interactions in Phospholipid Monolayers

1996

Abstract The order/disorder transition of the phospholipid 1,2-dihexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and its derivatives was studied by X-ray reflection and thermodynamic measurements. We find that increasing the length of an ethylene oxide spacer (zero to three EO groups) between the phosphate group and the hydrophobic chains (i) induces a slight shift of the main transition, (ii) reduces the influence of the head groups on the chain lattice, and (iii) increases the head group length and promotes its hydration. For DH(EO)3PC in the ordered phase we find that the small phosphate groups (which are the main source of contrast in X-ray reflectivity) are homogeneously distributed within the h…

Ethylene oxideStereochemistryPhospholipidPhosphateReflectivitySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBiomaterialsCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundEnd-groupColloid and Surface ChemistryMembranechemistryPhosphatidylcholineMonolayerJournal of Colloid and Interface Science
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Evanescent wave-initiated photopolymerisation as a new way to create monolithic open-tubular capillary columns: use as enzymatic microreactor for on-…

2010

Evanescent wave-initiated photopolymerisation in an optically wave guiding PTFE-coated fused silica capillary using light-emitting diode as a light source, is established here as a way to fabricate monolithic porous layer open-tubular capillary columns with a potential in capillary separation methods; application of the obtained open-tubular columns as enzymatic microreactors for on-line protein digestion is demonstrated.

Evanescent waveUltraviolet RaysProtein digestionCapillary actionBiochemistryMass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryBioreactorsLight sourceCapillary ElectrochromatographyElectrochemistryAnimalsEnvironmental ChemistryHorsesPorous layerPolytetrafluoroethyleneSpectroscopyChromatographyMyoglobinChemistryProteinsSilicon DioxidePepsin ALine (electrical engineering)EnzymesChemical engineeringSeparation methodMicroreactorPorosityThe Analyst
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First principles investigations of Pd-on-Au nanostructures for trichloroethene catalytic removal from groundwater

2010

Catalytic groundwater remediation from chlorinated organic solvents like trichloroethene (TCE) has been found to be more effective and sustainable than traditional non-destructive methods. Among the experimentally studied catalyst materials, Pd-decorated Au nanoparticles show the highest activity and selectivity combined with the best resistance towards poisoning by chemicals present in groundwater. In this study the thermochemistry and adsorption geometries of TCE and its hydrodechlorination products are investigated via density functional theory calculations. Various model systems for Pd-supported Au nanoparticles are addressed. The adsorption of TCE is endothermic on bare Au(111), almost…

Exothermic reactionModels MolecularHalogenationSurface PropertiesInorganic chemistryGroundwater remediationMolecular ConformationGeneral Physics and AstronomyMetal NanoparticlesEndothermic processCatalysisOverlayerCatalysisWater PurificationAdsorptionThermochemistryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116ChemistryWaterTrichloroethyleneKineticsChemisorptionQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsAdsorptionGoldPalladiumPhysical Chemistry Chemical Physics
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Study of the reactive dynamics of nanometric metallic multilayers using Molecular Dynamics: the Al−Ni system

2012

A molecular dynamics study of a layered Ni-Al-Ni system is developed using an embedded atom method potential. The specific geometry is designed to model a Ni-Al nanometric metallic multilayer. The system is initially thermalized at the fixed temperature of 600 K. We first observe the interdiffusion of Ni and Al at the interfaces, which is followed by the spontaneous phase formation of B2-NiAl in the Al layer. The solid-state reaction is associated with a rapid system's heating which further enhances the diffusion processes. NiAl phase is organized in small regions separated by grain boundaries. This study confirms the hypothesis of a layer-by-layer development of the new phase. For longer t…

Exothermic reactionNialMaterials scienceDiffusionmultilayersIntermetallicnanometric metallic multilayersNanotechnology02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesinterfacesMolecular dynamicsPhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials Scienceintermetallics010306 general physicscomputer.programming_languageRadiationnanoscale effects[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructuremolecular dynamics[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Chemical physics[ CHIM.MATE ] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryGrain boundary[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]0210 nano-technologycomputer
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Inspection of additive-manufactured layered components

2015

Laser powder deposition (LPD) is a rapid additive manufacturing process to produce, layer upon layer, 3D geometries or to repair high-value components. Currently there is no nondestructive technique that can guarantee absence of flaws in LPD products during manufacturing. In this paper a laser ultrasonic technique for in-line inspection of LPD components is proposed. Reference samples were manufactured from Inconel and machined flaws were created to establish the sensitivity of the technique. Numerical models of laser-generated ultrasonic waves have been created to gain a deeper understanding of physics, to optimize the set-up and to verify the experimental measurements. Results obtained on…

FEMNDT inspectionAcoustics and UltrasonicsAdditive manufacturingMechanical engineeringNumerical modelsLaserFinite element methodlaw.inventionSettore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di MacchinelawLaser ultrasoundDeposition (phase transition)Ultrasonic sensorSensitivity (control systems)InconelLayer (electronics)Laser powder depositionUltrasonics
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Symmetry meets AI

2021

We explore whether Neural Networks (NNs) can {\it discover} the presence of symmetries as they learn to perform a task. For this, we train hundreds of NNs on a {\it decoy task} based on well-controlled Physics templates, where no information on symmetry is provided. We use the output from the last hidden layer of all these NNs, projected to fewer dimensions, as the input for a symmetry classification task, and show that information on symmetry had indeed been identified by the original NN without guidance. As an interdisciplinary application of this procedure, we identify the presence and level of symmetry in artistic paintings from different styles such as those of Picasso, Pollock and Van…

FOS: Computer and information sciencesComputer Science - Machine Learning0303 health sciencesTheoretical computer scienceArtificial neural networkComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)PhysicsQC1-999Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesMachine Learning (cs.LG)Task (project management)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology03 medical and health sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesHomogeneous spacePICASSOHidden layerSymmetry (geometry)010306 general physics030304 developmental biologySciPost Physics
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Controlled solution-based fabrication of perovskite thin films directly on conductive substrate

2021

Abstract Organometallic perovskites are one of the most investigated materials for high-efficiency thin-film devices to convert solar energy and supply energy. In particular, methylammonium lead iodide has been used to realize thin-film perovskite solar cells, achieving an efficiency higher than 20%. Different fabrication procedures based on the spin-coating technique have been proposed, which do not ensure homogenous morphologies. In this work, we present a scalable process to fabricate methylammonium lead iodide thin films directly on conductive substrates, consisting of electrodeposition and two subsequent chemical conversions. A thorough investigation of the morphological, structural an…

FabricationMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyChemical conversion Electrodeposition Organometallic perovskite Solar cell Thin filmIodide02 engineering and technologySubstrate (electronics)01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesSettore ING-IND/17 - Impianti Industriali MeccaniciMaterials ChemistryThin filmAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Perovskite (structure)010302 applied physicschemistry.chemical_classificationbusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleMetals and AlloysSurfaces and Interfaces021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSettore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicatachemistryOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessLayer (electronics)
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