Search results for "learning."

showing 10 items of 6527 documents

Transgresión moral y enfermedad en los países nórdicos en la temprana Edad Moderna

2009

This article seeks to understand how people in the early modern age interpreted the nature of illness and the role that morality played in these interpretations. From this point of view illnesses were not only psycho-physical states or subjects for medical diagnosis but they were also subjects for narratives or stories through which people tried to understand what had caused their illness, and why it was happening to them. Illnesses were understood as strictly connected with the patient's character and were regarded as possible consequences of his personality. On the other hand, the interpretations also emphasised the ambivalence of a healer. Personal experiences and an understanding of one…

Aetiological modelsDiagnósticoMoralidadMoralityAmbivalencia del curanderoAmbivalence of a healerAZ20-999DiagnosisCuración popularHistory of scholarship and learning. The humanitiesHistory of medicine. Medical expeditionsFolk healingModelos etiológicosR131-687Asclepio: Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia
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The Big Five Traits and Their Ramifications

2020

This chapter focuses on the analysis of the Big Five traits, discussed in relation to the classical and modern views on the trait hierarchy. In the next section the socioaffective, cognitive and educational, as well as behavioural ramifications of each trait are outlined in order to create a general background for the analysis of the Big Five in the foreign language learning context. In the light of the above considerations, each trait appears to have beneficial, and also negative effects for the individual’s functioning. Finally, a discussion of age and gender differences in the Big Five, and their development across the lifespan is offered.

Age and genderHierarchyForeign language learningTraitContext (language use)CognitionBig Five personality traitsRelation (history of concept)PsychologyCognitive psychology
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Macro MOOC learning analytics

2020

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have opened new educational possibilities for learners around the world. Numerous providers have emerged, which usually have different targets (geographical, topics or language), but most of the research and spotlight has been concentrated on the global providers and studies with limited generalizability. In this work we apply a multi-platform approach generating a joint and comparable analysis with data from millions of learners and more than ten MOOC providers that have partnered to conduct this study. This allows us to generate learning analytics trends at a macro level across various MOOC providers towards understanding which MOOC trends are globally …

Age and genderScale (social sciences)05 social sciencesMacro levelLearning analytics050301 education0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSociologyMacro0503 educationData scienceCountry of origin050104 developmental & child psychologyProceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Learning Analytics & Knowledge
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Subjective well-being key elements of Successful Aging: A study with Lifelong Learners older adults from Costa Rica and Spain.

2019

Abstract Subjective well-being is a major psychological construct in the research tradition. Along with literature, authors have distinguished between hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. The aim of this study is to determine the role of some psychosocial variables plays in the perceived well-being is conceived from a hedonic or a eudaimonic perspective. The sample consisted of 1016 people of 55 years and older in a Spanish sample and 277 people of 55 years old or older from a Costa Rican sample. Both samples were part of the Longitudinal Older Learners (LOL) study. A structural model with latent variables was estimated with Mplus. The results point out that, the traditional variables include…

Aged 80 and overMaleAgingHealth (social science)030214 geriatricsSuccessful agingPerspective (graphical)Lifelong learningSample (statistics)Middle AgedDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHumansLearningFemale030212 general & internal medicineGeriatrics and GerontologySubjective well-beingLatent variable modelConstruct (philosophy)PsychologyGerontologyPsychosocialAgedArchives of gerontology and geriatrics
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Laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer: a comparison with open procedure at the beginning of the learning cur…

2017

Background: In the last decades, after some initial concern, laparoscopic subtotal gastrectomy (LSG) is gaining popularity also for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). The aim of this study is to compare a single surgeon initial experience on LSG and open subtotal gastrectomy in terms of surgical safety and radicality, postoperative recovery and midterm oncological outcomes. Methods: a case control study was conducted matching the first 13 LSG for AGC with 13 open procedures performed by the same surgeon. Operative and pathological data, postoperative parameters and midterm oncological outcomes were analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference in mortality (0%) and mor…

Aged 80 and overMalegastric cancerlaparoscopic gastrectomyOperative TimeRecovery of FunctionMiddle AgedsurvivalSurvival RateTreatment OutcomeGastrectomyStomach NeoplasmslymphadenectomyHumansFemaleLaparoscopyOriginal ArticleLearning CurveAgedRetrospective StudiesActa bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis
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miR-126-3p and miR-21-5p as Hallmarks of Bio-Positive Ageing; Correlation Analysis and Machine Learning Prediction in Young to Ultra-Centenarian Sici…

2022

Human ageing can be characterized by a profile of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), which are potentially predictors of biological age. They can be used as a biomarker of risk for age-related inflammatory outcomes, and senescent endothelial cells (ECs) have emerged as a possible source of circulating miRNAs. In this paper, a panel of four circulating miRNAs including miR-146a-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-181a-5p, involved in several pathways related to inflammation, and ECs senescence that seem to be characteristic of the healthy ageing phenotype. The circulating levels of these miRNAs were determined in 78 healthy subjects aged between 22 to 111 years. Contextually, extracellular miR-1…

Aged 80 and overSettore MED/04 - Patologia Generaleageing; inflamm-ageing; endothelial senescence; longevity; miRNAsagingEndothelial Cellsinflamm-ageingGeneral Medicineinflamm-agingMachine LearningMicroRNAslongevityageingendothelial senescenceCentenariansmiRNAsHumansCirculating MicroRNABiomarkersCells; Volume 11; Issue 9; Pages: 1505
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Older and Younger Adults Perform Similarly in an Iterated Trust Game

2021

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports, with pre-doctoral FPU fellowship FPU14/07106 to MT, and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, with research projects PSI2014-52764-P and PSI2017-84926-P to JL. This research is part of MT’s thesis dissertation under the supervision of JL.

AgingBF PsychologyAge categoriesBFAge categoriesTrustindividuationIndividuationDictator gameLearningPsychologygender categoriesIndividuationGeneral PsychologyOriginal Researchage categorieslearningagingDAStrustBF1-990Work (electrical)Iterated functionYounger adultsChristian ministryPsychologySocial psychologyGender categoriesFrontiers in Psychology
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Acute psychosocial stress effects on memory performance: Relevance of age and sex.

2018

In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in investigating the effects of chronic and acute stress on cognitive processes, especially memory performance. However, research focusing on acute stress effects has reported contradictory findings, probably due to the many factors that can moderate this relationship. In addition to factors related to the individual, such as sex and age, other factors, such as the type of memory assessed, can play a critical role in the direction of these effects. This review summarizes the main findings of our research group and others about the effects of acute psychosocial stress on memory performance in young and older people of both sexes, taking in…

AgingEMOTIONAL MEMORYCognitive NeuroscienceExperimental and Cognitive PsychologySALIVARY ALPHA-AMYLASENeuropsychological TestsMemory performancePsychosocial stressCortisol050105 experimental psychologyDevelopmental psychology03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral NeuroscienceWORKING-MEMORY0302 clinical medicineSex FactorsMemoryMedicine and Health SciencesRelevance (law)Humans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSOCIAL STRESSSocial stressWorking memoryLong-term memory05 social sciencesStressorAge FactorsCognitionNORADRENERGIC ACTIVATIONNON-DECLARATIVE MEMORYLONG-TERM-MEMORYMemory Short-TermHPA AXISCORTISOL-LEVELSPsychosocial stressMental RecallSexPRE-LEARNING STRESSINDUCEDPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStress PsychologicalNeurobiology of learning and memory
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L'utilisation de la musique comme support de nouveaux apprentissages dans le vieillisement normal et la maladie d'Alzheimer

2012

This thesis research aims to test the potential of music as a mnemonic support for new learning in normal elderly and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) participants. Several studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of music on cognition in aging and dementia. At the same time, in young adults, the idea that music could serve as a mnemonic support is highly debated. Yet, very few studies addressed this question in aging or dementia. In the present work, we conduct two studies in a cohort of 8 mild Alzheimer’s disease and 7 matched control participants. The first study concerns verbal memory, and compares learning and different retention delays of lyrics (unknown texts) that are either spoken o…

AgingLong term memoryMusiqueNormal agingLong-term Memory[SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyMnemonic deviceAlzheimer's diseaseMémoire à long termeMnemonicApprentissage[SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology[ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/PsychologyActionMaladie d'AlzheimerMoyen mnémotechniqueAlzheimerLearningVieillissement normalMnémotechniqueMusic
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Development and validation of prediction model to estimate 10-year risk of all-cause mortality using modern statistical learning methods: a large pop…

2021

Abstract Background In increasingly ageing populations, there is an emergent need to develop a robust prediction model for estimating an individual absolute risk for all-cause mortality, so that relevant assessments and interventions can be targeted appropriately. The objective of the study was to derive, evaluate and validate (internally and externally) a risk prediction model allowing rapid estimations of an absolute risk of all-cause mortality in the following 10 years. Methods For the model development, data came from English Longitudinal Study of Ageing study, which comprised 9154 population-representative individuals aged 50–75 years, 1240 (13.5%) of whom died during the 10-year follo…

AgingLongitudinal studySurvivalEpidemiologyCalibration (statistics)PopulationHealth InformaticsFeature selectionAbsolute riskPopulation-based longitudinal studyPrognostic factorsRisk AssessmentSensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciencesCohort Studies010104 statistics & probability03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStatisticsHumansMedicineLongitudinal Studies030212 general & internal medicineMortality0101 mathematicseducationAgedProportional Hazards Modelslcsh:R5-920education.field_of_studyProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryAbsolute risk reductionHealth and Retirement StudyStatistical learninglcsh:Medicine (General)businessResearch ArticleCohort studyBMC Medical Research Methodology
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