Search results for "leptin"

2015

The melanocortin system is one of the most important neuronal pathways involved in the regulation of food intake and is probably the best characterized. Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) expressing neurons located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus are the key elements of this system. These two neuronal populations are sensitive to circulating molecules and receive many excitatory and inhibitory inputs from various brain areas. According to sensory and metabolic information they integrate, these neurons control different aspects of feeding behavior and orchestrate autonomic responses aimed at maintaining energy homeostasis. Interestingly, composition and a…

Role of ghrelin and leptin in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Part II. Leptin

2012

Leptyna jest wytwarzana przez dojrzałe adipocyty. Jej ilość dodatnio koreluje z ilością tkanki tłuszczowej. Leptyna odgrywa główną rolę w utrzymywaniu masy ciała oraz homeostazy glukozy. Jest transportowana poprzez barierę krew-mózg do ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, gdzie aktywuje autonomiczny układ nerwowy wywołując uczucie sytość a hamując apetyt. Ponadto leptyna działa poprzez szlaki ośrodkowe i obwodowe, regulując m.in. syntezę insuliny przez trzustkowe komórki b. Leptyna może także bezpośrednio wpływać na metabolizm i funkcję komórek obwodowych. Stwierdzono, że może zmieniać obwodową insulino oporność, a także szlak sygnałów insuliny w różnych rodzajach komórek wrażliwych na ten hormon.…

Metabolic effects of hypoxia and sleep at high altitude(5050)

2010

Neuro-endocrine networks controlling immune system in health and disease

2014

The nervous and immune systems have long been considered as compartments that perform separate and different functions. However, recent clinical, epidemiological, and experimental data have suggested that the pathogenesis of several immune-mediated disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), might involve factors, hormones, and neural mediators that link the immune and nervous system. These molecules are members of the same superfamily, which allow the mutual and bi-directional neural–immune interaction. More recently, the discovery of leptin, one of the most abundant adipocyte-derived hormones that control food intake and metabolism, has suggested that nutritional/metabolic status, acting …

Correlation between leptin plasmatic levels in non-obese patients and detection rate at prostate biopsy”- Poster P147

2013

Leptin plasma levels in patients undergoing prostate biopsy. a preliminary study in 50 patients

2013

Introduction/Aim: To reduce the number of negative prostate biopsies and to detect clinical significant prostate tumors in patients with elevated serum PSA represent major challenges in urological oncology. Prostate tumors diagnosed in patients with elevated Body Mass Index (BMI) show higher Gleason score and more aggressive biological behavior than those diagnosed in normal population (1). Elevated plasma levels of leptin and other adipose tissue derived factors (adipokines), are evident in obese men (2). Many studies have investigated the role of leptin as a putative molecular mediator between obesity and prostate cancer with contradictory results. Also in normal or overweight (BMI <30) m…

IN THE SEARCH OF LEPTIN AGONISTS AS ANTI-OBESITY DRUGS: PROTEIN/PROTEIN DOCKING, MOLECULAR DYNAMICS, AND VIRTUAL SCREENING

2012

The body weight control is a mechanism thinly regulated by several hormonal, metabolic, and nervous pathways (1). Recessive homozygous mutations in the ob/ob and db/db mouse strain cause extreme obesity. The products of the ob and db genes are leptin and its receptor, respectively. The leptin receptor is crucial for energy homeostasis and regulation of food uptake. Leptin is a 16 kDa hormone that is mainly secreted by fat cells into the bloodstream. Under normal circumstances, circulating leptin levels are proportionate to the fat body mass. Sensing of elevated leptin levels by the hypothalamic neurocircutry activates a negative feedback loop resulting in reduced food intake and increased e…

Leptina e adiponectina nella valutazione del compenso glicometabolico in corso di diabete mellito di tipo 1 normopeso.

2006

The Effects of Intensive Weight Reduction on Body Composition and Serum Hormones in Female Fitness Competitors.

2017

Worries about the potential negative consequences of popular fat loss regimens for aesthetic purposes in normal weight females have been surfacing in the media. However, longitudinal studies investigating these kinds of diets are lacking. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a 4-month fat-loss diet in normal weight females competing in fitness-sport. In total 50 participants finished the study with 27 females (27.2 +/- 4.1 years) dieting for a competition and 23 (27.7 +/- 3.7 years) acting as weight-stable controls. The energy deficit of the diet group was achieved by reducing carbohydrate intake and increasing aerobic exercise while maintaining a high level of…

ADIPOKINES IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

2015

Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) has negative impact on nutrition, growth, puberty, glycometabolic homeostasis, adipokines secretion. Adipokines play a role on these patients' short term complications and they influence their long term outcome. Many studies highlighted the influence of adipokines on cardiovascular complications, glycometabolic assess, nutrition of adults and children with CRF. High serum resistin and adiponectin levels can have a possible role in the development of protein-energy wasting among CRF patients. Elevated serum leptin levels were thought to contribute to the anorexia and poor nutrition in children on haemodialysis for CRF. Several studies have demonstrated leptin infl…