Search results for "letters"
showing 10 items of 129 documents
La letra... por la vista entra. A propósito de la nueva normativa sobre el uso de las mayúsculas y su aplicación en los textos de enseñanza
2015
El propósito de este artículo consiste en analizar el uso de las mayúsculas en una serie de manuales posteriores a 2010 y determinar los aspectos que plantean mayores problemas u ofrecen diferentes soluciones, con la finalidad última de divulgar los aspectos pendientes de una mejor regulación, hacer hincapié en la importancia de criterios claros en la aplicación práctica de las normas y en la responsabilidad de los profesionales del sector editorial, puesto que en la adquisición y aprendizaje de la ortografía es fundamental la memoria visual. El análisis muestra que las mayores dificultades se hallan en la función identificativa de las mayúsculas y se centran en los aspectos más novedosos y…
''Limits in endurance performance of octogenarian athletes''
2013
TO THE EDITOR: A recent study of Trappe et al. (3) showed that the aerobic power of octogenarian lifelong endurance athletes was approximately double that of untrained octogenarians (38 vs. 21 ml·kg 1 ·min 1 ). These remarkable aerobic capacities are the highest ever recorded in this age group. However, the impact of the identified physiological capacities on actual endurance performances has not been addressed, as no running performance indicators of the octogenarian athletes were provided in this study. We hereby suggest that, although trained octogenarian athletes can achieve levels of aerobic fitness well above their untrained counterpart, as a group they actually have not yet reached t…
Orthodontic treatment stability predictors: A retrospective longitudinal study
2016
ABSTRACTObjective: To examine medium- to long-term orthodontic treatment stability and its possible association with certain variables.Materials and Methods: In a retrospective longitudinal study of 70 postretention patients, the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index was measured at the start (T1) and end (T2) of treatment and between 4 and 10 years afterwards (T3). The stability was considered absolute when the T2 and T3 values were identical and relative when the difference was within the ±5 range.Results: Among the 70 patients, 65.8% were female and 34.2% were male. Their mean age was 14.5 years. The mean treatment length was 2.4 years. The mean retention phase was 3.3 years. The mean pre- …
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Lung Microbiota Diversity May Be Mediated by Age or Inhaled Corticosteroid Use
2015
We read with great interest the paper by Garcia-Nunez et al. ([1][1]) published in the December 2014 issue of this journal, where the authors investigated the sputum microbiota of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The authors found decreased microbial diversity in patients with
Need for Conclusive Evidence that Positive and Negative Reciprocity are Unrelated
2013
The strong reciprocity model of the evolution of human cooperation (1) postulates that positive and negative reciprocity are associated. Recently in PNAS, Yamagishi et al. (2) reported results that challenged this proposition by showing that the tendency to reject unfair offers in the ultimatum game is not related to various indicators of positive reciprocity in other experimental games. This result was corroborated by a nonsignificant correlation between self-reported positive and negative reciprocity.
Leishmaniasis, autoimmune rheumatic disease, and anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy, Europe.
2009
We report 2 cases of leishmaniasis in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases in Greece. To assess trends in leishmaniasis reporting in this patient population, we searched the literature for similar reports from Europe. Reports increased during 2004–2008, especially for patients treated with anti–tumor necrosis factor agents.
Scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy caused by Rickettsia massiliae
2013
To the Editor: Scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy is a common clinical entity that most frequently affects women and children during spring and fall. It is usually caused by Rickettsia slovaca and R. raoultii. Typical clinical signs are a scalp lesion at the tick bite site and regional, often painful, lymphadenopathy. Acute disease can be followed by residual alopecia at the bite site (1,2). Two designations have been proposed for this syndrome: tick-borne lymphadenopathy and Dermacentor-borne necrosis-erythema-lymphadenopathy (both have been associated with R. slovaca); however, the most generic and all-inclusive term is scalp eschar and neck lymphadenopathy. R. massiliae belongs to the…
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic in Children with CKD or Immunosuppression
2021
Infections are a major concern in children on KRT and with CKD. Risk factors include immunosuppression, multiple contacts in dialysis units, and hospital visits ([1][1]). Italy was one of the countries most affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak ([2][2
Understanding variations in survival for colorectal cancer in Europe: a EUROCARE high resolution study
2000
BACKGROUND—Marked differences in population based survival across Europe were found for colorectal cancers diagnosed in 1985-1989. AIMS—To understand the reasons for these differences in survival in a new analysis of colorectal cancers diagnosed between 1988 and 1991. SUBJECTS—A total of 2720 patients with adenocarcinoma of the large bowel from 11 European cancer registries (CRs). METHODS—We obtained information on stage at diagnosis, diagnostic determinants, and surgical treatment (not routinely collected by CRs) and analysed the data in relation to three year observed survival, calculating relative risks (RRs) of death and adjusting for age, sex, site, stage, and determinants of stage. RE…
TET2 gene mutation is a frequent and adverse event in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
2009
Background Acquired somatic deletions and loss-of-function mutations in one or several codons of the TET2 ( Ten-Eleven Translocation-2 ) gene were recently identified in hematopoietic cells from patients with myeloid malignancies, including myeloproliferative disorders and myelodys-plastic syndromes. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of TET2 gene alterations in chronic myelomonocytic leukemias. Design and Methods Blood and bone marrow cells were collected from 88 patients with chronic phase chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and from 14 with acute transformation of a previously identified disease. Polymerase chain reaction analysis and direct sequencing were used to se…