Search results for "light"

showing 10 items of 3575 documents

Blendensysteme für Streulichtphotometer

1973

The geometrical arrangement of slits in the secondary beam of light scattering photometers has been investigated. The hitherto applied configuration of slits, vertically fixed on the secondary beam, requires a volume correction-sinϑ-for the determination of the angle-dependent scattered intensity. Arrangements of slits with varying width which depends on the angle of observation ϑ are proposed. They avoide the volume correction, or render the scattering volume independent of ϑ, and at the same time increase the measuring accuracy.

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsGeneral EngineeringGeneral ChemistryPhotometerVolume correctionLight scatteringlaw.inventionOpticsVolume (thermodynamics)lawLight beamGeneral Materials SciencebusinessIntensity (heat transfer)Beam (structure)Applied physics
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Effects of Higher-Order Scattering in a Molecular Atmosphere

1964

The effects of higher-order scattering on intensity, degree of polarization, and direction of the plane of polarization in a molecular atmosphere have been calculated.Inclusion of higher-order scattering changes these parameters strongly. Particularly, consideration of higher-order scattering is essential in the blue wavelength range (large optical thickness). The influence increases with decreasing zenith distance of the sun. The earth albedo augments the effect, except for direction of the polarization, which is independent of higher-order scattering.

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringPolarization (waves)Electromagnetic radiationMolecular physicsLight scatteringOpticsDegree of polarizationAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsRayleigh sky modelbusinessOptical depthZenithJournal of the Optical Society of America
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Coherent light scattering on nanofluids: computer simulation results.

2008

If coherent light is incident on a suspension containing nanoparticles, they act as scattering centers and the result of the far-field interference is a "speckled" image. The scattering centers have a complex movement of both sedimentation and Brownian motion. Consequently the speckle image is not static but presents time fluctuations. A computer code to simulate the dynamics of the coherent light scattering on nanofluids was written, tested, and used to calculate the far-field intensity variation for nanofluids having different particle size. The results are discussed and an alternative experimental method for fast nanoparticle size assessing is suggested as a possible application.

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Industrial and Manufacturing EngineeringLight scatteringSpeckle patternsymbols.namesakeLight intensityNanofluidOpticsDynamic light scatteringsymbolsSpeckle imagingBusiness and International ManagementRayleigh scatteringbusinessApplied optics
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Intensity-Based Single Particle Plasmon Sensing.

2021

Plasmon sensors respond to local changes of their surrounding environment with a shift in their resonance wavelength. This response is usually detected by measuring light scattering spectra to determine the resonance wavelength. However, single wavelength detection has become increasingly important because it simplifies the setup, increases speed, and improves statistics. Therefore, we investigated theoretically how the sensitivity toward such single wavelength scattering intensity changes depend on the material and shape of the plasmonic sensor. Surprisingly, simple equations describe this intensity sensitivity very accurately and allow us to distinguish the various contributions: Rayleigh…

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringPhysics::OpticsBioengineering02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsLight scatteringSpectral linesymbols.namesakeWavelengthOpticssymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceRayleigh scattering0210 nano-technologySpectroscopybusinessIntensity (heat transfer)PlasmonNano letters
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Absolute instability in backward wave four-wave mixing: spatial effects

2010

The spatial distribution of new beams generated above the threshold of absolute instability of two counterpropagating incoherent light waves is studied and compared with the results of calculation.

PhysicsScatteringbusiness.industryWave propagationNonlinear opticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPolarization (waves)InstabilityAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputational physicsFour-wave mixingOpticsLight beamSpatial frequencybusinessJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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Ageing studies of TPB in noble gas detectors for dark matter and neutrinoless ββ decay searches

2017

Noble gases (Xe, Ar, Kr) are very attractive as detector media in Dark Matter search and neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments. However, the detection of their scintillation light (in the VUV spectral region) requires shifting the VUV light to visible light, where standard photosensors are more efficient. Tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) is widely used as wavelength shifter, absorbing the VUV light and re-emitting in the blue region (~430nm). TPB is an organic molecule that may degrade due to exposure to environmental agents and also to ultraviolet light. In this work, we present TPB ageing studies due to exposure to VUV light, aiming at quantifying the reduction of the absolute fluorescenc…

PhysicsScintillation010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhotodetectorNoble gasTetraphenyl butadieneWavelength shifter01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistry13. Climate actionlaw0103 physical sciencesUltraviolet lightAtomic physics010306 general physicsInstrumentationSpectroscopyVisible spectrumMonochromator
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Gamma-Ray and Radio Observations of PSR B1509-58

1993

Abstract : We report concurrent radio and gamma-ray observations of PSR B1509-58 carried out by the Parkes Radio Telescope and by the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) and the Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO-Gamma-ray light curves fitted at several energies between ~ 20-500 keV yield a phase offset with respect to the radio pulse that is independent of energy, with an average value 0.32 plus or minus 0.02. Although this value is larger by 0.07 than that reported by Kawai et al., the difference is not statistically significant (only~2 sigma) when account is taken of the uncertainty associated with their result. We b…

PhysicsScintillationSpectrometerAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGamma rayAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsLight curveElectromagnetic radiationRadio telescopePulsarSpace and Planetary ScienceObservatoryThe Astrophysical Journal
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Light self-confinement via second harmonic generation in a 2D nonlinear photonic crystal waveguide

2007

Spatial solitary waves induced by quadratic nonlinearities have been the subject of many theoretical and experimental investigations in the last decade, with extensive studies being devoted to soliton formation in 1D nonlinear photonic crystals (NPC) such as PPLN (periodically poled LiNbO3). Here we present results on a new class of (1 + 1)D spatial solitary waves, the first examples of quadratic self-confinement in a 2D NPC.

PhysicsSecond-Harmonic Generationbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsSoliton (optics)law.inventionNonlinear systemOpticsQuadratic equationlawNonlinear Photonic CrystalsNonlinear photonic crystalLight self-confinementbusinessNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsWaveguidePhotonic crystal2007 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the International Quantum Electronics Conference
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B→ρsemileptonic decays and|Vub|

2014

We reevaluate the $B\to\rho\,l^+\nu_l$ decay width as a full $B\to\pi\pi\,l^+\nu_l$ four-particle decay, in which the two final pions are produced via an intermediate $\rho$ meson. The decay width can be written as a convolution of the $B\to\rho\,l^+\nu_l$ decay width, for an off-shell $\rho$, with the $\rho\to\pi\pi$ line shape. This allows to fully incorporate the effects of the finite $\rho$ meson width. As shown, consideration of the $\rho$ meson width effects increase the $|V_{ub}|$ value by some 8%, rendering it in better agreement with the determination based in the $B\to\pi$ decay. We take the $q^2$ dependence of the $B\to \rho$ semileptonic form factors from a dispersive Omn\`es re…

PhysicsSemileptonic decayNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsMeson010308 nuclear & particles physicsBranching fractionParticle Data GroupLattice QCD01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsPionLight cone0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysical Review D
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An RMHD study of transition between prompt and afterglow GRB phases

2008

We study the afterglow phases of a GRB through relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations. The evolution of a relativistic shell propagating into a homogeneous external medium is followed. We focus on the effect of the magnetization of the ejecta on the initial phases of the ejecta-external medium interaction. In particular we are studying the condition for the existence of a reverse shock into the ejecta, the timescale for the transfer of the energy from the shell to the shocked medium and the resulting multiwavelength light curves. To this end, we have developed a novel scheme to include non-thermal processeses which is coupled to the relativistic magnetohydrodynamic code MRGENESIS in o…

PhysicsShock (fluid dynamics)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)Shell (structure)Synchrotron radiationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsLight curveAstrophysicsAfterglowMagnetohydrodynamic driveGamma-ray burstEjectaAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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