Search results for "liikuntafysiologia"

Acute Effects of High-intensity Resistance Exercise on Cognitive Function

2021

The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of an acute bout of high-intensity resistance exercise on measures of cognitive function. Ten men (Mean ± SD: age = 24.4 ± 3.2 yrs; body mass = 85.7 ± 11.8 kg; height = 1.78 ± 0.08 m; 1 repetition maximum (1RM) = 139.0 ± 24.1 kg) gave informed consent and performed a high-intensity 6 sets of 10 repetitions of barbell back squat exercise at 80% 1RM with 2 minutes rest between sets. The Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) was completed to assess various cognitive domains during the familiarization period, immediately before, and immediately after the high-intensity resistance exercise bout. The repeated measures …

Resistance exercise with different workloads have distinct effects on cellular respiration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells

2022

Little is known how acute exercise-induced inflammation and metabolic stress affect immune cell bioenergetics and the portion of its components. Therefore, we investigated acute effects of eccentric-only (E), concentric-only (C) and combined eccentric-concentric resistance exercise (E + C) bouts on cellular respiration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Twelve strength-trained young men performed bench press resistance exercises in randomized order. Venous blood samples were drawn at pre-, 5 min post- and 24 h post-exercise. Several PBMC respiration states were measured using high-resolution respirometry. Levels of leukocytes, interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), crea…

Striated muscle-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase beta (SPEGβ) segregates with high- versus low-responsiveness to endurance exercise training

2019

Bidirectional selection for either high or low responsiveness to endurance running has created divergent rat phenotypes of high-response trainers (HRT) and low-response trainers (LRT). We conducted proteome profiling of HRT and LRT gastrocnemius of 10 female rats (body weight 279 ± 35 g; n = 5 LRT and n = 5 HRT) from generation 8 of selection. Differential analysis of soluble proteins from gastrocnemius was conducted by label-free quantitation. Genetic association studies were conducted in 384 Russian international-level athletes (age 23.8 ± 3.4 yr; 202 men and 182 women) stratified to endurance or power disciplines. Proteomic analysis encompassed 1,024 proteins, 76 of which exhibited stat…

Assessment of ventilatory thresholds from heart rate variability in five incremental treadmill tests in cross country skiers

2014

Incremental treadmill tests are widely used in the field of exercise physiology for the assessment of Ventilatory Thresholds for clinical and sport oriented issues. The assessment of Ventilatory Thresholds (VTs) from Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a relatively new approach with increasing popularity because it is a non-invasive and economical method. Nevertheless, this has not been used in Cross Country (XC) Skiing, an endurance sport where the knowledge of VTs holds special importance. The purpose of the study was to assess VTs using the data derived from HRV analysis in the five main XC skiing-related techniques, Double Poling (DP), Diagonal Striding (DS), Nordic Walking (NW), V1 Skating…

Reduced muscle inactivity, sedentary time and cardio-metabolic benefits : effectiveness of a one-year family-based cluster randomized controlled trial

2016

A driving hypothesis of the evolving field of sedentary behavior is that frequent muscle activity short-circuits detrimental physiological effects of sedentary time. However, the field relies mostly on observational health associations of proxy measures of muscle inactivity, like television viewing or lack of accelerometer-derived impacts. This study tested effectiveness of a family-based cluster-randomized controlled trial aimed at reducing and breaking up sedentary time at work and leisure time of families on muscle inactivity patterns, sedentary time and cardio-metabolic biomarkers. The intervention consisted of a lecture, face-to-face tailored counseling, two follow-up calls and five em…

Lifespan and skeletal muscle properties the effects of genetic background, physical activity and aging

2016

Obesity and metabolic disorders have become a notable world-wide epidemic. The pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, has begun to negatively affect life expectancy of current generations. Low aerobic capacity has shown to be a strong predictor of mortality both in rodents and humans. Exercise is known to increase an individual’s aerobic capacity; interestingly, recent studies have suggested that genetic background may play a significant role in the physical activity level of an individual. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of genetic background and physical activity on skeletal muscle properties, metabolism and lifespan. The …

Lapsuuden liikunta näkyy aikuisen sydänterveydessä

2021

Sit-stand workstations : effects on occupational sitting time, potential health benefits, and acute postural physiology

2017

Given that a high amount of sedentary behavior is a global health issue, reducing sitting time is emerging as a novel intervention strategy and a workplace health priority. Sit-stand workstations have been introduced to the workplace, and can be used to rotate between sitting and standing postures at work. It is important to develop and evaluate sit-stand interventions that aim to induce behavioral changes and potential health benefits, in order to effectively implement them into practice. Therefore, this thesis examined whether and to what extent sit-stand workstations can reduce occupational sitting and improve health indexes in a real workplace. The thesis included four studies in field …

Fysiologiset vasteet liikuntaan lapsilla ja nuorilla

2018

Lasten ja nuorten vasteet liikuntaan ja liikuntaharjoitteluun ovat osin samankaltaisia kuin aikuisilla. Liikuntaharjoittelun perusperiaatteet kuten ylikuormitus, progressio, spesifisyys ja yksilölliset vasteet sekä liikunta-adaptaatioiden palautuvuus pätevät niin lapsilla, nuorilla kuin aikuisilla. Toisaalta esimerkiksi liikunnan annosvastesuhde maksimaalisen hapenottokyvyn (VO2max) kehittämiseksi eroaa jonkin verran aikuisista. nonPeerReviewed

Kahden kuukauden tehostetun hyppelyharjoittelun vaikutuksia luustoon, hormonipitoisuuksiin ja suorituskykyyn nuorilla yleisurheilijoilla

2012

Hyppäämistä pidetään normaalisti lyhytkestoisena nopeusvoimasuorituksena, jonka energianlähteenä toimivat adenosiinitrifosfaatti- ja kreatiifosfaattivarastot. Kevyet määrälliset hyppelyt vahvistavat lihaksistoa, luustoa, niveliä ja sidekudoksia. Kovempitehoiset ponnistukset ja hypyt kehittävät lisäksi reflektorista ja tahdonalaista hermostoa. Kokonaisuutena hyppelyharjoittelu kehittää iskunsietoa, venymis-lyhenemis-syklin supistusnopeutta ja elastisuutta. Vaikka hyppelyharjoittelua on aikaisemmin vieroksuttu lapsilla ja nuorilla loukkaantumisvaaran vuoksi, nykyään tiedetään, että erilaiset hyppelyt ovat tärkeä perusta kasvavalle lapselle ja nuorelle. Kasvu lapsella ja nuorella on suhteellis…