Search results for "lipids"

Aberrant glycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan causes defective binding of laminin in the muscle of chicken muscular dystrophy.

2005

Dystroglycan is a central component of dystrophin-glycoprotein complex that links extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton in skeletal muscle. Although dystrophic chicken is well established as an animal model of human muscular dystrophy, the pathomechanism leading to muscular degeneration remains unknown. We show here that glycosylation and laminin-binding activity of alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG) are defective in dystrophic chicken. Extensive glycan structural analysis reveals that Galbeta1-3GalNAc and GalNAc residues are increased while Siaalpha2-3Gal structure is reduced in alpha-DG of dystrophic chicken. These results implicate aberrant glycosylation of alpha-DG in the pathogenesis of mus…

Positive association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with lumbar and femoral neck bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

2021

Abstract Objective Experimental studies suggest that lipids affect bone metabolism. We aimed to elucidate whether lipid levels are associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in a cohort of postmenopausal women. Design A cross-sectional study of participants in the Chronic Ailment Reduction after MENopause (CARMEN) cohort. Women underwent assessment of clinical and analytical parameters, including fasting lipid levels. BMD was assessed at both lumbar spine and hip. Homogeneity in the cohort was optimized by filtering out a series of confounding variables with a known impact on bone. Main outcome measures Association of BMD at lumbar spine and femoral neck with lipid levels. Results A total o…

Celecoxib for recurrent sclerouveitis after syphilitic panuveitis. A case report

2011

Purpose To report a case of recurrent ocular inflammation after optimal therapy of bilateral syphilitic panuveitis responding to oral celecoxib. Methods A case report was conducted. Results A 76-year-old man presented with painful blurry vision in both eyes. Ocular examination disclosed bilateral panuveitis. Serological testing confirmed blood and cerebrospinal fluid syphilitic involvement. After 2 weeks of intravenous penicillin therapy, recurrent episodic sclerouveitis was observed. Conclusion Ocular inflammation after healing of infectious uveitis is a rare ophthalmic sequela. In an immunocompetent patient, either re-infection or immune uveitis should be evoked. Non-steroidal therapeutic…

Endocannabinoid Role in Synaptic Plasticity and Learning

2009

Endocannabinoids have recently emerged as versatile modulators of synaptic transmission and can act as retrograde neurotransmitters. As they cannot be stored in synaptic vesicles, endocannabinoid signaling is believed to start ‘on-demand,’ via a stimulus-dependent synthesis from membranous precursors at the postsynaptic site. After synthesis, endocannabinoids bind presynaptically to cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors, leading to a short- or long-term suppression of neurotransmitter release. CB1 receptors are present in a plethora of different synaptic connections in the brain. Electrophysiological and behavioral analyses of mutant mice lacking CB1 receptors and of pharmacologically treated …

Management of Statin Intolerance in 2018: Still More Questions Than Answers.

2018

Statin therapy is generally well tolerated and very effective in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, regardless of cholesterol levels; however, it can be associated with various adverse events (myalgia, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, and diabetes mellitus, among others). Patients frequently discontinue statin therapy without medical advice because of perceived side effects and consequently increase their risk for cardiovascular events. In patients with statin intolerance, it may be advisable to change the dose, switch to a different statin, or try an alternate-day regimen. If intolerance is associated with all statins—even at the lowest dose—non-statin drugs and certain nutra…

Biocompatible Lipid Nanoparticles as Carriers to Improve Curcumin Efficacy in Ovarian Cancer Treatment

2017

Curcumin is a natural molecule with proved anticancer efficacy on several human cancer cell lines. However, its clinical application has been limited due to its poor bioavailability. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery approaches could make curcumin dispersible in aqueous media, thus overtaking the limits of its low solubility. The aim of this study was to increase the bioavailability and the antitumoral activity of curcumin, by entrapping it into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). For this purpose here we describe the preparation and characterization of three kinds of curcumin-loaded NLCs. The nanosystems allowed the achievement of a controlled release of curcumin, the amounts of curcumin r…

General approaches of processes involved in neurodegeneration using protein and printed phospholipids models

2023

Identification and quantification of phosphatidylcholines containing very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (VLC-PUFA) in bovine and human retina…

2010

The retina is one of the vertebrate tissues with the highest content in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). A large proportion of the retinal glycerophospholipids, especially those found in photoreceptor membranes, are dipolyunsaturated molecular species. Among them, dipolyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine molecular species are known to contain very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA) from the n-3 and n-6 series and having 24 to 36 carbon atoms (C24 to C36) and four to six double bonds. Recent interest in the role of VLC-PUFA arose from the findings that a protein named ELOngation of Very Long chain fatty acids 4 (ELOVL4) is involved in their biosynthesis and that mutations in E…

Additional file 1 of Long-term efficacy of lipoprotein apheresis and lomitapide in the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH): …

2021

Additional file 1: Table 1. Patients’ genotypes. All mutations were classified according to ACMG guidelines (Chora JR, Medeiros AM, Alves AC, Bourbon M. Analysis of publicly available LDLR, APOB, and PCSK9 variants associated with familial hypercholesterolemia: application of ACMG guidelines and implications for familial hypercholesterolemia diagnosis. Genet Med. 2018;20(6):591-598). For 3 Homozygous LDLR and 1 LDLRAP1 causing mutations were not available and the diagnosis was only on clinical base. *Double Heterozygote patient for mutations in both LDLR (c.373C>T) and PCSK9 (c.60_ 65dupGCTGCT) genes.

MOESM1 of Association of statin use and clinical outcomes in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Assessment of risk of bias in the included studies using Cochrane criteria for RCTs. Appendix 2. Assessment of risk of bias in the included studies using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) for cohort studies. Figure S1. Association of statin versus non-statin use with all-cause mortality in heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure. S2. Association of statin versus non-statin use with CV mortality in heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure S3. Association of statin versus non-statin use hospitalization in heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure S4. Association of statin versus non-statin use with all-cause mortality by type of heart f…