Search results for "liquid"

showing 10 items of 4351 documents

Rotational Raman spectroscopy of ethylene using a femtosecond time-resolved pump-probe technique.

2005

154309; Femtosecond Raman-induced polarization spectroscopy (RIPS) was conducted at low pressure (250 mb at 295 K and 400 mb at 373 K) in ethylene. The temporal signal, resulting from the beating between pure rotational coherences, was measured with a heterodyne detection. The temporal traces were converted to the frequency domain using a Fourier transformation and then analyzed thanks to the D2hTDS software (http://www.u-bourgogne.fr/LPUB/shTDS.html) dedicated to X2Y4 molecules with D2h symmetry. The effective Hamiltonian was expanded up to order 2, allowing the determination of five parameters with an rms of 0.017 cm(-1). Special care was taken in the precise modeling of intensities, taki…

DYNAMICSLIQUID WATERTENSORIAL FORMALISMGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeMOLECULESOpticsINDUCED POLARIZATION SPECTROSCOPYPolarizability0103 physical sciencesCOHERENCEHeterodyne detectionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopySPECTRUM010304 chemical physicsChemistrybusiness.industry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)Fourier transformFrequency domainFemtosecondsymbolsZEOLITEMODESCO2Atomic physics0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopybusinessThe Journal of chemical physics
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Contactless magnetic excitation of acoustic cavitation in liquid metals

2015

A steady axial magnetic field is applied to a liquid metal zone heated by induction currents. The resulting alternating Lorentz force causes pressure oscillations that being strong enough lead to cavitation in the molten metal. Amplitude of the pressure oscillations is proportional to the product of the induced currents and the steady axial magnetic field induction. We follow an approach where the acoustic pressure is maximized by the induction currents. The onset of cavitation is identified by the occurrence of sub-harmonics of the drive frequency in sound recorded at the surface of the experimental cell. It is demonstrated that cavitation in a liquid metal may be excited by a superimposed…

DYNAMICSLiquid metalInduction heatingALUMINUM-ALLOYSChemistryAcousticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyMechanicsMagnetic fieldPhysics::Fluid DynamicsSOLIDIFICATIONsymbols.namesakeCavitationsymbolsMagnetic pressureSound pressureLorentz forceExcitationULTRASOUND
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Supported liquid membrane extraction with single hollow fiber for the analysis of fluoroquinolones from environmental surface water samples

2010

Abstract In this work, the simple analytical method for the determination of four fluoroquinolone antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and danofloxacin, in environmental surface water samples is described. Sample pretreatment step was performed by the application of a technique based on supported liquid membrane extraction with the configuration of single hollow fiber (HF-SLM). The HPLC system with diode array detection was used for final analysis of studied analytes. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency during HF-SLM enrichment, such as type of membrane diluent, pH of donor (sample) and acceptor phases, as well as an enrichment time and salt content of sa…

DanofloxacinAnalytical chemistrySodium ChlorideBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyDiluentSensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical ChemistryRiversmedicinehollow fiberenvironmental samplesSample preparationfluoroquinolonesChromatography High Pressure LiquidDetection limitChromatographysample preparationChemistryOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)Reproducibility of ResultsMembranes ArtificialGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAnti-Bacterial Agentssupported liquid membrane extractionWater treatmentHydrochloric AcidEnrichment factorWater Pollutants Chemicalmedicine.drugJournal of Chromatography A
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Dark Matter Search Results from a One Ton-Year Exposure of XENON1T

2018

We report on a search for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) using 278.8 days of data collected with the XENON1T experiment at LNGS. XENON1T utilizes a liquid xenon time projection chamber with a fiducial mass of $(1.30 \pm 0.01)$ t, resulting in a 1.0 t$\times$yr exposure. The energy region of interest, [1.4, 10.6] $\mathrm{keV_{ee}}$ ([4.9, 40.9] $\mathrm{keV_{nr}}$), exhibits an ultra-low electron recoil background rate of $(82\substack{+5 \\ -3}\textrm{ (sys)}\pm3\textrm{ (stat)})$ events/$(\mathrm{t}\times\mathrm{yr}\times\mathrm{keV_{ee}})$. No significant excess over background is found and a profile likelihood analysis parameterized in spatial and energy dimensions exclude…

Dark matterGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementS030DI5WIMP: massElectronParameter spacedark matter: direct detectionGravitation and AstrophysicsS030DI101 natural sciencesS030DI3S030DI2Nuclear physicsXenonRecoilWIMPelectron: recoil0103 physical sciencesS046DM2[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsnumerical calculationsDark Matter WIMP TPC XENON Direct searchPhysicsxenon: liquidTime projection chamber010308 nuclear & particles physicsbackgrounddark matter: massGran SassoWIMP nucleonchemistryWeakly interacting massive particles[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]time projection chamber: xenon[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Isobaric vapor–liquid equilibria for the system 1-pentanol–1-propanol–water at 101.3 kPa

2001

Consistent vapor–liquid equilibrium data for the ternary system 1-pentanol–1-propanol–water is reported at 101.3 kPa at temperatures in the range of 362–393 K. The VLE data were satisfactorily correlated with UNIQUAC model. The authors wish to thank the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain) for the financial help of the Project GV-3174/95 and DGES for the financial aids of the Project PB96-0338.

DataUNIQUACTernary numeral systemAqueous solutionGeneral Chemical EngineeringUNIQUACGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsWaterVapor–liquid equilibriaGroup contribution methodCorrelation1-propanolPropanolIngeniería Químicachemistry.chemical_compound1-Propanolchemistry1-PentanolAlcoholsIsobaric process1-pentanolPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Recent advances on ionic liquid uses in separation techniques

2018

International audience; The molten organic salts with melting point below 100°C, commonly called ionic liquids (ILs) have found numerous uses in separation sciences due to their exceptional properties as non molecular solvents, namely, a negligible vapor pressure, a high thermal stability, and unique solvating properties due to polarity and their ionic character of molten salts. Other properties, such as viscosity, boiling point, water solubility, and electrochemical window, are adjustable playing with which anion is associated with which cation. This review focuses on recent development of the uses of ILs in separation techniques actualizing our 2008 article (same authors, J. Chromatogr. A…

Deep eutectic solventSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationChromatography Gasgas chromatographydeep eutectic solventLiquid chromatographyIonic bonding02 engineering and technologyTrace anion detection01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistryionic liquidschemistry.chemical_compoundCountercurrent chromatographyCapillary electrophoresistrace anion detection[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistryliquid chromatographyCountercurrent DistributionGas chromatographyChromatographyViscosity010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryElectrophoresis CapillaryGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIonic liquids0104 chemical sciencesDeep eutectic solventBoiling pointchemistryIonic liquidSolventsMelting pointGases0210 nano-technologyChromatography LiquidElectrochemical windowJournal of Chromatography A
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Enantiomer separation by chiral-phase liquid chromatography of urethane derivatives of natural diacylglycerols previously fractionated by reversed-ph…

1991

Abstract Enantiomers of diacylglycerols such as 3,5-dinitrophenyl isocyanate (urethane) derivatives previously fractionated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were separated by HPLC on a chiral phase column [N-( R )-1-(α-naphthyl)ethylamino-carbonyl-( S )-valine chemically bound to γ-aminopropylsilanized silica]. In addition to the separation of commercial monoacid-diacylglycerol isomers, separation of diacid-diacylglycerol isomers obtained from peanut oil and cottonseed oil triacylglycerols by chemical hydrolysis is reported. Hexane-ethylene dichloride-ethanol mixtures were used for elution of the diacylglycerol derivative isomers, which were detected by their …

Degree of unsaturationChromatographyChemistryElutionOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyBiochemistryIsocyanateHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundOrganic chemistryRacemic mixtureEnantiomerJournal of Chromatography A
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Analysis and fractionation of natural source diacylglycerols as urethane derivatives by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

1991

Abstract Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a thermostatted octadecylsilyl column was used to separate and fractionate mixtures of diacylglycerols after derivatization with 3,5-dinitrophenyl isocyanate (urethane derivatives). In addition to the separation of commercial diacylglycerol species, the separation of diacylglycerols obtained from peanut oil and cottonseed oil triacylglycerols by chemical hydrolysis is reported. Acetonitrile-acetone mixtures were used for elution of the diacylglycerol urethane derivatives. Unsaturated and saturated derivatives were detected by their refractive indices. They were then collected and their fatty acids analysed as methyl esters by…

Degree of unsaturationChromatographyElutionGlycerideOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineFractionationBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryOrganic chemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)DerivatizationDiacylglycerol kinaseJournal of Chromatography A
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Separation of monoacylglycerols by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

1992

Abstract Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a thermostated octadecylsilyl column was used to separate complex mixtures of monoacyglycerols formed by chemical deacylation of natural triacyclycerols. Acetonitrile-water mixtures were used for elution of the underivatized monoacylglycerols and a different refractometer was used for their detection. The order of elution of monoacylglycerols in complex mixtures varies as a function of the chain length, unsaturation, positional isomerism, analysis temperature and eluent water concentration. The peak areas were representative of the amounts of monoacylglycerols detected. The method can be applied to compositional analysis and …

Degree of unsaturationChromatographyElutionOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyMonoglycerideBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundColumn chromatographychemistryPhase (matter)DerivatizationJournal of Chromatography A
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Determination of molecular species of oil triacylglycerols by reversed-phase and chiral-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

1991

A method is described for the determination of molecular species of oil triacylglycerols. The method is based on the analytical separation of the enantiomericsn-1,2-andsn-2,3-diacylglycerols, derived from triacylglycerols, by high-performance liquid-chromatography (HPLC) on a chiral column containing N-(R)-1-(α-naphthyl)ethylaminocarbonyl-(S)-valinecarbonyl-(S)-valine as stationary phase. Model triacyl-glycerol molecules comprising three known fatty acids were isolated from peanut oil and cottonseed oil by a combination of argentation-TLC and reversed-phase HPLC and submitted to partial chemical deacylation. The derivedsn-1,2(2,3)-diacylglycerols were analyzed and fractionated as 3,5-dinitr…

Degree of unsaturationfood.ingredientChromatographyChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringOrganic ChemistryReversed-phase chromatographyHigh-performance liquid chromatographyfoodPhase (matter)Peanut oilMoleculeOrganic chemistryComposition (visual arts)EnantiomerJournal of the American Oil Chemists' Society
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