Search results for "liquid"

showing 10 items of 4351 documents

Supported H3PW12O40 for 2-propanol (photo-assisted) catalytic dehydration in gas-solid regime: The role of the support and of the pseudo-liquid phase…

2016

Abstract Catalytic and photocatalytic 2-propanol dehydration was carried out by using a supported Keggin heteropolyacid H3PW12O40 (PW12). Binary materials were prepared by impregnation and/or solvothermal treatment by using commercial supports: SiO2 (Mallinckrodt), TiO2 (Evonik P25) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (Sunnano) or home solvothermically prepared SiO2 and TiO2. All the materials have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy observations (SEM) coupled with EDX microanalysis, specific surface area measurements, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. (Photo)catalytic 2-propanol dehydration was studied in gas-solid regim…

Heteropolyacid 2-Propanol dehydration Photocatalysis Pseudo-liquid phase Keggin.business.operation010405 organic chemistryProcess Chemistry and TechnologyInorganic chemistryMallinckrodt010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysis0104 chemical sciencesCatalysisReaction ratePropenechemistry.chemical_compoundDehydration reactionchemistrySpecific surface areaPhotocatalysisDiisopropyl ether2-Propanol dehydration Heteropolyacid Keggin Photocatalysis Pseudo-liquid phaseSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologiebusinessGeneral Environmental Science
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Solvent Effects on Vapor–Liquid Equilibria of the Binary System 1-Hexene + n-Hexane

2012

In order to study the separation of 1-hexene and n-hexane, two solvents, 2-pentanol and ethyl-butyrate, are tested as possible entrainers for an extractive distillation. In this way, isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) data at 100 kPa have been measured for the two ternary systems formed by the initial mixture and one of the mentioned solvents: 1-hexene + n-hexane + ethyl butyrate and 1-hexene + n-hexane + 2-pentanol. VLE data for the four constituent binary systems have also been measured. These systems are 1-hexene + ethyl butyrate, n-hexane + ethyl butyrate, 1-hexene + 2-pentanol, and finally n-hexane + 2-pentanol. All binary systems show moderate positive deviations from the ideal b…

Hexanechemistry.chemical_compoundUNIQUACchemistryEthyl butyrateGeneral Chemical EngineeringAzeotropeNon-random two-liquid modelExtractive distillationThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryBinary systemUNIFACJournal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Universal transport dynamics in a quenched tunnel-coupled Luttinger liquid

2016

The transport dynamics of a quenched Luttinger liquid tunnel-coupled to a fermionic reservoir is investigated. In the transient dynamics, we show that for a sudden quench of the electron interaction universal power-law decay in time of the tunneling current occurs, ascribed to the presence of entangled compound excitations created by the quench. In sharp contrast to the usual non universal power-law behavior of a zero-temperature non-quenched Luttinger liquid, the steady state tunneling current is ohmic and can be explained in terms of an effective quench-activated heating of the system. Our study unveils an unconventional dynamics for a quenched Luttinger liquid that could be identified in…

High Energy Physics::LatticeElectron interactionFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasCondensed Matter Physics; Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsLuttinger liquid0103 physical sciencesElectronicOptical and Magnetic MaterialsTunneling current010306 general physicsOhmic contactElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter PhysicsPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Transport dynamicsCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectQuantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsTransient (oscillation)Condensed Matter - Quantum GasesFermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
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Current trends on the determination of organic UV filters in environmental water samples based on microextraction techniques – A review

2018

UV filters are a group of cosmetic ingredients commonly used in a wide variety of cosmetic products to protect users from UV solar radiation. They belong to different chemical families, such as benzophenones, p-aminobenzoates, salicylates, cinnamates, benzotriazoles, benzimidazoles, camphor derivatives, triazines, etc. These cosmetic ingredients are considered as emerging contaminants since they easily reach the aquatic environment, where they are accumulated causing harmful effects in the flora and fauna despite being present at the ng L-1 level. Therefore, the development of sensitive and selective analytical methods for their environmental surveillance monitoring is of high interest. In …

High interestLiquid Phase MicroextractionUltraviolet RaysChemistryEnvironmental surveillance010401 analytical chemistry02 engineering and technologyContamination021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical ChemistryEnvironmental waterAquatic environmentEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental ChemistrySample preparationWater quality0210 nano-technologyWater pollutionSolid Phase MicroextractionWater Pollutants ChemicalSpectroscopyEnvironmental MonitoringAnalytica Chimica Acta
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Amino acid profile of milk-based infant formulas

2000

The protein content and amino acid profile of three milk-based infant formulas, two of which were powdered (adapted and follow-on) and the third liquid, were determined to check their compliance with the EU directive and to evaluate whether or not they fulfil an infant's nutritional needs. To obtain the amino acid profile proteins were subjected to acid hydrolysis, prior to which the sulfur-containing amino acids were oxidized with performic acid. The amino acids were derivatized with phenylisothiocyanate (PITC) and then determined by ion-pair reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) In the case of tryptophan a basic hydrolysis was applied and there was no need of derivat…

High-performance liquid chromatographychemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisAnimalsHumansmedia_common.cataloged_instanceEuropean UnionAmino AcidsEuropean unionInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaChromatography High Pressure Liquidmedia_commonchemistry.chemical_classificationAnalysis of VariancePerformic acidChromatographyMilk HumanInfant NewbornNutritional RequirementsTryptophanTryptophanInfantLegislation FoodAmino acidMilkchemistryInfant formulaInfant FoodAcid hydrolysisDietary ProteinsFood ScienceInternational Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
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Light-induced Changes in the Dimerization Interface of Bacteriophytochromes

2015

Phytochromes are dimeric photoreceptor proteins that sense red light levels in plants, fungi, and bacteria. The proteins are structurally divided into a light-sensing photosensory module consisting of PAS, GAF, and PHY domains and a signaling output module, which in bacteriophytochromes typically is a histidine kinase (HK) domain. Existing structural data suggest that two dimerization interfaces exist between the GAF and HK domains, but their functional roles remain unclear. Using mutational, biochemical, and computational analyses of the Deinococcus radiodurans phytochrome, we demonstrate that two dimerization interfaces between sister GAF and HK domains stabilize the dimer with approximat…

Histidine KinaseLightProtein ConformationMutantCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryProtein structureBacterial Proteinsx-ray scatteringcell signalingDeinococcusMolecular BiologybiologyPhytochromeHistidine kinaseMutagenesista1182Photoreceptor proteinDeinococcus radioduransCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationphotoreceptormolecular dynamicsProtein Structure TertiaryBiochemistryhigh performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)BiophysicsDeinococcusPhytochromeDimerizationProtein KinasesmutagenesisMolecular BiophysicsJournal of Biological Chemistry
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Geo-neutrino results with Borexino

2015

International audience; Borexino is a liquid scintillator detector primary designed to observe solar neutrinos. Due to its low background level as well as its position in a nuclear free country, Italy, Borexino is also sensitive to geo-neutrinos. Borexino is leading this interdisciplinary field of neutrino geoscience by studying electron antineutrinos which are emitted from the decay of radioactive isotopes present in the crust and the mantle of the Earth. With 2056 days of data taken between December 2007 and March 2015, Borexino observed 77 antineutrino candidates. If we assume a chondritic Th/U mass ratio of 3.9, the number of geo-neutrino events is found to be 23.7(+6.5) (-5.7)(stat) (+…

History010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesSolar neutrinoscintillation counter: liquidchemistry.chemical_elementScintillator010502 geochemistry & geophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesthoriumEducationuraniumNuclear physicsPhysics and Astronomy (all)background: low[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]ddc:530[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Borexino0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsRadionuclideRadiogenic nuclideThoriumMass rationuclide: mass ratioComputer Science Applicationschemistry13. Climate actionradioactivityBorexinoGEOPHYSICSneutrino: geophysicsNeutrinoexperimental resultsJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Unsteadiness and transition to turbulence in woven spacer filled channels for Membrane Distillation

2017

To characterize the performance of Membrane Distillation (MD) modules, channels filled with woven spacers were investigated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (including Direct Numerical Simulations and the use of the SST k-ω turbulence model) and by parallel experiments with Thermochromic Liquid Crystals. The cases considered here regard mutually orthogonal filaments with a spacer pitch to channel height ratio P/H=2, two spacer orientations θ with respect to the main flow (0° and 45°), and bulk Reynolds numbers Re from ∼200 to ∼2000, an interval of great interest in practical MD applications. For both values of θ, CFD predicted steady-state flow for Re up to ∼300, and chaotic flow …

HistoryFlow (psychology)Thermodynamics02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamicsEducationPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesake020401 chemical engineeringLiquid crystal0204 chemical engineeringbusiness.industryTurbulenceChemistryOscillationSpacer-filled channels CFD membrane distillation turbulence RANS DNSReynolds numberMechanics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science ApplicationsHeat transfersymbols0210 nano-technologyReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsbusiness
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Parametric thermal analysis for the optimization of Double Walled Tubes layout in the Water Cooled Lithium Lead inboard blanket of DEMO fusion reactor

2019

Abstract Within the roadmap that will lead to the nuclear fusion exploitation for electric energy generation, the construction of a DEMOnstration (DEMO) reactor is, probably, the most important milestone to be reached since it will demonstrate the technological feasibility and economic competitiveness of an industrial-scale nuclear fusion reactor. In order to reach this goal, several European universities and research centres have joined their efforts in the EUROfusion action, funded by HORIZON 2020 UE programme. Within the framework of EUROfusion research activities, ENEA and University of Palermo are involved in the design of the Water-Cooled Lithium Lead Breeding Blanket (WCLL BB), that …

HistoryNuclear Fusion Blanket Liquid Metal Thermal AnalysisDouble walledMaterials scienceNuclear engineeringWater cooledchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyFusion powerBlanket021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences7. Clean energy010305 fluids & plasmasComputer Science ApplicationsEducationchemistry0103 physical sciencesLithium0210 nano-technologyLead (electronics)Thermal analysisSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariParametric statisticsJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Experimental investigation of two-side heat transfer in spacer-filled channels

2020

Abstract In Membrane Distillation (MD), spacers support the membranes and promote mixing, thus reducing temperature polarization. Their efficient design requires a knowledge of the distribution of the local heat transfer coefficient h and of its dependence on Reynolds number, spacer geometry and flow-spacer relative orientation. In previous work, we applied Thermochromic Liquid Crystals (TLC) and digital image processing to the measurement of h distributions for different spacer configurations; data were used to validate CFD simulations and select turbulence models. For constructive reasons, the test section allowed only one-side heat transfer, while in most MD configurations (e.g. spiral-w…

HistorySettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciMaterials scienceMembrane Distillation Thermochromic liquid crystals (TLC) Spacer-filled channelsHeat transferComposite materialSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariComputer Science ApplicationsEducation
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