Search results for "liquid"

A NEURAL NETWORK PRIMER

1994

Neural networks are composed of basic units somewhat analogous to neurons. These units are linked to each other by connections whose strength is modifiable as a result of a learning process or algorithm. Each of these units integrates independently (in paral lel) the information provided by its synapses in order to evaluate its state of activation. The unit response is then a linear or nonlinear function of its activation. Linear algebra concepts are used, in general, to analyze linear units, with eigenvectors and eigenvalues being the core concepts involved. This analysis makes clear the strong similarity between linear neural networks and the general linear model developed by statisticia…

Investigation of a Ge nanoparticle film by means of electron stimulated photon emission spectroscopy

2014

Abstract Electron stimulated photon emission spectroscopy was used for the study of the electronic structure of Ge nanoparticles. A nanoparticle film was prepared by thermal deposition on a quartz substrate. Photon emission was stimulated by electron bombardment at energies of several hundred electron volts. Electron field emission from a W-tip was used at tip voltage U t  = 100–600 eV. A spectrometer in combination with a liquid nitrogen cooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera was used for light detection. Light emission spectra were measured in the energy range 1.18–4.2 eV. They are characterized by features at ∼1.6 and ∼3.1 eV. A comparison with light emission spectra obtained with ano…

De novo liquid biopsy and radio genomic diagnostic approach with combined deep learning artificial neural networks for NSCLC

2022

Each year, the mortality rate and incidence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are dramatically increasing. The introduction of liquid biopsy in the clinical practice of NSCLC has completely revolutionized the approach to such neoplasm since is generally detected through complex and invasive procedures and unfortunately at advanced stages. The importance and innovation of liquid biopsy are linked with the possibility of cancer detection at every stage, adjuvant treatment, resistance genotyping, systematic initiation of treatment, minimal residual disease, early detection of relapse, and screening of NSCLC. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is now emerging as a non-invasive biomarker that wil…

Billion-Fold Enhancement in Sensitivity of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Magnesium Ions in Solution

2014

Beta-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is highly sensitive compared to conventional NMR spectroscopy, and may be applied for several elements across the periodic table. Beta-NMR has previously been successfully applied in the fields of nuclear and solid-state physics. In this work, beta-NMR is applied, for the first time, to record an NMR spectrum for a species in solution. 31Mg b-NMR spectra are measured for as few as 10^7 magnesium ions in ionic liquid (EMIM-Ac) within minutes, as a prototypical test case. Resonances are observed at 3882.9 and 3887.2 kHz in an external field of 0.3 T. The key achievement of the current work is to demonstrate that beta-NMR is applicable for the…

MicroSISAK: continuous liquid–liquid extractions of radionuclides at 0.2 mL/min

2013

Abstract Continuous liquid–liquid extraction of short-lived radionuclides has traditionally been performed with the SISAK system consisting of static mixers and H-centrifuges for phase separation. SISAK operates at flow rates of typically 1 mL/s. Thus, it produces large volumes of radioactive liquid waste that is difficult to dispose of. Therefore, it has been aimed to develop and use a further miniaturised extraction unit based on microtechnology and precision engineering to reduce the flow rate by at least two orders of magnitude. The accordingly developed MicroSISAK device is a micro membrane extractor in which a micromixer element with 2 × 16 feed channels of 30 µm width followed by a 6…

Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry and Thermography in Rayleigh-Bènard Convection Using Suspended Thermochromic Liquid Crystals and Digital Image…

2003

Electronic coupling responsible for energy transfer in columnar liquid crystals

1999

Electronic coupling is the driving force for energy transfer in molecular materials and consists of several components. We determine the strength of dipolarrmultipolar coupling and coupling due to orbital overlap for excitation transport in triphenylene columnar liquid crystals. We use time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and computer simulations. The fit of the experimental and simulated fluorescence decays reveals that the transfer process is dominated by short range interactions .multipolar and orbital overlap but the contribution of long range dipolar interactions cannot be neglected. q 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Short range ordering and phase separation in rapidly quenched Ni80 57Fe1P19 amorphous alloys solution treated at different temperatures

1990

Abstract  Electrochemical measurements and Mossbauer spectroscopy were used to study a rapidly quenched Ni80 57Fe1P19 amorphous alloy solution treated between 920 and 1500 °C. Different short range orderings were shown in amorphous alloys solution treated at different temperatures. This finding can be associated with phase separation occurring in the liquid state. This phase separation can be inherited in slightly relaxed amorphous state.

Gel, glass and nematic states of plate-like particle suspensions: charge anisotropy and size effects

2014

The influence of the charge anisotropy and platelet size on the formation of gel and glass states and nematic phases in suspensions of plate-like particles is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations in the canonical ensemble. The platelets are modeled as discs with charged sites distributed on a hexagonal lattice. The edge sites can carry a positive charge, while the remaining sites are negatively charged giving rise to a charge anisotropy. A screened Coulomb potential plus a short range repulsive potential are used to describe the interactions between the sites of the platelets. The liquid–gel transition is found to be favored by a high charge anisotropy and by large particles. Opposite…

Hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals with broad-range blue phases

2019

We report a modular supramolecular approach for the investigation of chirality induction in hydrogen-bonded liquid crystals. An exceptionally broad blue phase with a temperature range of 25 °C was found, which enabled its structural investigation by solid state 19F-NMR studies and allowed us to report order parameters of the blue phase I for the first time.