Search results for "liquid"

showing 10 items of 4351 documents

Robust interpretive optimisation in high-performance liquid chromatography considering uncertainties in peak position.

2005

In the context of interpretive chromatographic optimisation, robustness is usually calculated by introducing deliberated shifts in the nominal optimal conditions and evaluating their effects on the monitored objective function, mimicking thus the experimental procedures used in method validation. However, such strategy ignores a major source of error: the uncertainties associated to the modelling step, that may give rise to deceiving results when conditions that were expected to yield baseline separation are reproduced in the chromatograph. Two approaches, based on the peak purity concept, are here proposed to evaluate the robustness of the objective function under the perspective of measur…

ChromatographyObservational errorComputer simulationChemistryComputationOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryRobustness (computer science)Phase compositionAmino AcidsMonte Carlo MethodChromatography High Pressure LiquidSpectral purityJournal of chromatography. A
researchProduct

Complete decontamination and regeneration of DNA purification silica colum

2008

Silica columns are among the most used DNA purification systems, allowing a good yield of high-quality nucleic acids without organic extractions. Silica column regeneration protocols reported up to now to remove DNA traces are time-consuming, and their effectiveness on genomic DNA has not been demonstrated. Here we report a very rapid regeneration procedure that ensures no DNA carryover, independent of its size, without impairing column efficiency. The method takes advantage of the improved DNA removal by low concentrations of Triton X-100.

ChromatographyOctoxynolBiophysicsFungal geneticsSilica decontaminationGenomic DNACell BiologyHuman decontaminationSaccharomyces cerevisiaeDNA separation by silica adsorptionSilicon DioxideBiochemistryDNA extractionPolymerase Chain Reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundgenomic DNAchemistrySpin column-based nucleic acid purificationNucleic acidGenome FungalParticle SizeDNA FungalMolecular BiologyDNAChromatography High Pressure Liquid
researchProduct

Critical study of and improvements in chromatographic methods for the analysis of type B trichothecenes

2001

Various analytical methods used in the analysis of type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, 3- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol) in cereals were compared and optimised in this work. These methods use either GC-electron-capture detection (ECD) of trimethylsilyl, trifluoroacetyl and heptafluorobutyryl derivatives or HPLC with UV or photodiode array detection of analytes. A new HPLC procedure using fluorescence detection prior derivatisation with coumarin-3-carbonyl chloride has been also tested. Five extraction solvents and two solid-phase extraction cartridges (silica, Florisil) plus a especial clean-up column (MycoSep 225) were compared in order to obtain the best recovery of the mycoto…

ChromatographyOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)TrichotheceneGeneral MedicineSensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryElectron capture detectorchemistry.chemical_compoundSpectrometry FluorescenceFusariumchemistryCalibrationSpectrophotometry UltravioletSample preparationSolid phase extractionGas chromatographyEdible GrainTrichothecenesDerivatizationChromatography High Pressure LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

Quantitative retention–structure and retention–activity relationships of barbiturates by micellar liquid chromatography

1998

Abstract Studies on the structural requirements of chromatographic surfaces to emulate in vitro the partitioning process in biomembranes are of great interest. The use of micellar mobile phases in RPLC modifies the hydrophobicity of the stationary phase and provides hydrophobic and electrostatic sites of interaction as a consequence of the adsorption of surfactant monomers to the chromatographic surface. Modified stationary phases in MLC could be structurally similar to biomembranes, but thorough studies are necessary to confirm this. In this paper we focus our attention on barbiturates. The influence of the nature and concentration of the surfactant (Brij 35, SDS and CTAB) and the mobile p…

ChromatographyOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineReversed-phase chromatographyBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionMonomerPulmonary surfactantchemistryStationary phaseMicellar liquid chromatographyPhase (matter)Journal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

High-resolution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric determination of neutral chlorinated aromatic sulphur compounds in stack gas samples

1993

Abstract Four stack gas samples from waste incineration were analysed by high-resolution GC-MS for neutral chlorinated aromatic sulphur compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes, thianthrenes and diphenyl sulphides. Samples were analysed tentatively also for some methylated derivatives of these compounds. The stack gas samples had earlier been found to contain some tri- and tetrachlorodiphenyl sulphides. Two of the stack gas samples contained tetra- and pentachlorodibenzothiophenes. One sample was strongly suspected to contain some tri- and tetrachlorothianthrenes in low concentrations. No methylated derivatives of these compounds could be found. Polychlorothianthrenes, some polyc…

ChromatographyOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineMass spectrometryBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographySulfurAnalytical ChemistryStack (abstract data type)chemistryProton NMRGas chromatographySpectroscopyQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Journal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

Development of predictive retention-activity relationship models of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by micellar liquid chromatography: comparis…

2000

The predictive and interpretative capability of quantitative chromatographic retention-biological activity models is supported by the fact that under adequate experimental conditions the solute partitioning into chromatographic system can emulate the solute partitioning into lipid bilayers of biological membranes, which is the basis for drug and metabolite uptake, passive transport across membranes and bioaccumulation. The use of micellar solutions of Brij35 as mobile phases in reversed-phase liquid chromatography has proven to be valid to predict some biological activities of different kinds of drugs. In this study, quantitative retention-activity relationship (QRAR) models to describe som…

ChromatographyPassive transportMetaboliteAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalSynthetic membraneBiological membraneMembranes ArtificialGeneral Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundStructure-Activity RelationshipMembranechemistryMicellar liquid chromatographyPredictive Value of TestsMicellar solutionsLipid bilayerChromatography LiquidJournal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications
researchProduct

Retrospective screening of pesticide metabolites in ambient air using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry

2015

A new methodology for the retrospective screening of pesticide metabolites in ambient air was developed, using liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS), including two systematic workflows (i) post-run target screening (suspect screening) and (ii) non-target screening. An accurate-mass database was built and used for the post-run screening analysis. The database contained 240 pesticide metabolites found in different matrixes such as air, soil, water, plants, animals and humans. For non-target analysis, a "fragmentation-degradation" relationship strategy was selected. The proposed methodology was applied to 31 air samples (PM10) collected in the…

ChromatographyPesticide residueCarbendazimAir010401 analytical chemistryPesticide ResiduesAnalytic Sample Preparation MethodsAnalytic Sample Preparation Methods010501 environmental sciencesPesticideMass spectrometryOrbitrap01 natural sciencesMass Spectrometry0104 chemical sciencesAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundMalaoxonchemistrylawEnvironmental chemistryOmethoateChromatography High Pressure Liquid0105 earth and related environmental sciencesTalanta
researchProduct

Recent trends in liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to determine pesticides and their metabolites in food

2007

Abstract The applications of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) have exploded in innumerable analytical fields, including pesticide-residue determination. There is no doubt that LC-MS is currently competing with gas chromatography (GC)-MS for the status of ‘reference’ analytical technique to determine pesticide residues and that its ever-increasing application is bound to the evolution of modern instruments and their growing performance qualities. We highlight the large number and variety of pesticides that can be readily determined using such instruments, the respective merits of the different mass analyzers, and the improvements brought about by tandem MS (MS 2 ). We also dis…

ChromatographyPesticide residueChemistryLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryAnalytical techniqueGas chromatographyPesticideTandem mass spectrometryMass spectrometrySpectroscopyScreening proceduresAnalytical ChemistryTrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry
researchProduct

Capabilities of different liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry systems in determining pesticide residues in food

2007

Abstract Three different liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) instruments equipped with triple quadrupole (QqQ), quadrupole ion trap (QIT) and quadrupole-time-of-flight (QqTOF), suitable to carry out tandem mass spectrometry, were examined to determine pesticide residues in food. Twelve pesticides (acrinathrin, bupirimate, buprofezin, cyproconazole, λ-cyhalothrin, fluvalinate, hexaflumuron, kresoxim-methyl, propanil, pyrifenox, pyriproxyfen and tebufenpyrad) and six matrices (oranges, strawberries, cherries, peaches, apricots and pears) were taken as model. The comparison was focused on two aspects: the quantitative, covering sensitivity, precision and accuracy as well as the qua…

ChromatographyPesticide residueChemistryOrganic ChemistryBupirimateGeneral MedicineTandem mass spectrometryMass spectrometryBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryTriple quadrupole mass spectrometerLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryIon trapJournal of Chromatography A
researchProduct

The Role of the Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry in Pesticide Residue Determination in Food

2008

The use of liquid chromatography (LC) in pesticide residue determination was usually limited to groups of compounds or single compounds for which no suitable gas chromatographic (GC) conditions were available. However, recent developments have significantly enlarged the LC scope in this field of analysis. One of the most important advances was the on-line coupling of efficient LC separation with mass spectrometry detectors (LC-MS and LC-MS/MS) that makes this technique an excellent method for the determination of pesticides and their transformation products in complex matrices such as food. This review considers the application of LC-MS/MS in this field. Emphasis is placed on the tandem MS …

ChromatographyPesticide residueLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryChemistryAnalytical chemistryThermosprayDirect electron ionization liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry interfacePesticideTandem mass spectrometryMass spectrometrySample preparation in mass spectrometryAnalytical ChemistryCritical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
researchProduct