Search results for "lithic"
showing 10 items of 392 documents
Les systèmes de fosses profondes à la Pré- et Protohistoire : cartographie des fosses mésolithiques et des Schlitzgruben à l’échelle nationale
2016
A nation-wide project of mapping deep pits dating to Pre- and Protohistory in continental France was launched by INRAP in 2015. Positioned at the interface between regional projects, on pits with V-, Y- and W-shaped profile (Schlitzgruben) as well as on deep pits dated to the Mesolithic, and nation-wide studies carried out by the INRAP (such as those focusing on the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age), the current project aims to bring together data and actors within the field of rescue archaeology in order to create an operational mapping tool. Constructed on a rational basis combining four levels of information (operation, pit systems, pits, absolute dates), this tool should ensure the incorpo…
East meets west in the 6th millennium: Mesolithic osseous tools and art from Sise on the Latvian seaboard
2021
A collection of 141 bone and antler tools and debitage pieces recovered from the River Užava at the village of Sise constitutes the largest Mesolithic osseous assemblage in western Latvia. Radiocarbon dating of 12 pieces suggests that most of this collection dates from the 6th millennium calBC. We present a general analysis, highlighting typical and unique tool forms, ornamented and sculpted pieces, and assess the corpus in a wider geographical context. Predominant in this rich and diverse collection are heavy duty antler tools: various forms of adzes, axes and hammers as well as sleeves, made either from shed antler or antler of hunted animals. They include two pieces classifiable as T-axe…
Second thoughts about social complexity developments in Western Mediterranean valleys
2005
El artículo se centra en descubrimientos recientes en algunos valles de la costa española del Mediterráneo central, donde los nuevos datos nos permiten proponer diferentes caminos hacia la complejidad social. Varias zanjas monumentales que datan de ca. 5500 cal BP en diferentes sitios, pero particularmente en el sitio de Mas D’Is han abierto nuevas preguntas sobre cómo La literatura arqueológica ha presentado complejidad social en la Península Ibérica. Tradicionalmente, las sociedades complejas se han asociado con el desarrollo de la metalurgia y los sitios monumentales como Los Millares o Zambujal fueron el centro del debate. Sin embargo, los recientes desarrollos teóricos fuera de la disc…
Study of peak shape and efficiency in butyl acrylate-based monolithic columns for capillary electrochromatography.
2009
Abstract The study and modelling peak shape of in capillary electrochromatography (CEC), obtained using butyl acrylate (BA)-based monolithic columns, is described in this article. A modified-Gaussian model, which is a function of conventional experimental parameters: retention time (tR), peak height (H0) and standard deviation (σ0) at the peak maximum, and left (A) and right (B) halfwidths, was used to describe the peaks of thiourea and several polyaromatic hydrocarbons compounds, which were eluted under several applied voltages. A mean relative error below 2% in the prediction of peak shape is obtained. Based on peak parameters, an easy and reliable estimation of global chromatographic per…
Fast high performance liquid chromatography analysis in lipidomics: Separation of radiolabelled fatty acids and phosphatidylcholine molecular species…
2006
Abstract HPLC procedures using conventional C 18 columns are usually used to separate simple and complex lipid mixtures but these methods of separation remain often laborious and very slow. Here, monolithic columns were successfully applied to separate lipids – radiolabelled fatty acid mixtures and individual phosphatidylcholine (PC) molecular species. For that, isocratic elution was performed using two Chromolith™ Performance RP-18e columns connected in series. Detection was achieved by online measurement of radioactivity for radiolabelled fatty acids and by UV absorbance at 205 nm for PC molecular species. The performances of such silica rods were compared to conventional reverse-phase si…
Fast determination of prominent carotenoids in tomato fruits by CEC using methacrylate ester-based monolithic columns.
2007
In this study, the major carotenoids (beta-carotene and lycopene) present in tomato fruits were analyzed by CEC with a methacrylate ester-based monolithic column. The effects of the porogenic solvent ratio, and the hydrophobicity of bulk monomer employed were examined on carotenoids separations. A fast separation of these analytes was achieved in less than 5.0 min in a mobile phase containing 35% THF, 30% ACN, 30% methanol, and 5% of a 5 mM Tris aqueous buffer, pH 8, with lauryl methacrylate-based monoliths. The CEC method was evaluated in terms of detection limit and reproducibility (retention time, area, and column preparation) with values below 1.6 microg/mL and 7.2%, respectively. The p…
Peptide mapping by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography employing silica rod monoliths.
2003
In this paper, a general procedure is described for the generation of peptide maps of proteins with monolithic silica-based columns. The peptide fragments were obtained by tryptic digestion of various cytochrome c species with purification of the tryptic fragments achieved by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. Peak assignment of the various peptides was based on evaluation of the biophysical properties of the individual peptides and via mass spectrometric identification. The performance of several different monolithic sorbents prepared as columns of identical cross-sectional dimensions were investigated as part of these peptide mapping studies and the data evalu…
Reliable and simple analytical methods for determination of citrulline and metabolically related amino acids by liquid chromatography after derivatiz…
2014
We describe the development of a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of citrulline and other amino acids relevant to intestinal diseases. The amino acids were derivatized with 9-fluorenylmethylchloroformate (FMOC-Cl) and their derivatives were separated on two different columns, a core-shell column (Halo C18) and a silica-based monolith (Chromolith Performance RP-18). The derivatization reaction was optimized with respect to pH, buffer concentration and reproducibility. The optimal derivatization conditions were achieved with 0.4 M borate buffer at pH 9.20, a constant ratio of FMOC-Cl/total amino acids (10 : 1) and 75 mM tyramine after 1 min (quenching…
Methacrylate ester-based monolithic columns for nano-LC separation of tocopherols in vegetable oils
2010
The separation and determination of tocopherols (Ts) in vegetable oils by nano-LC chromatography with UV-vis detection using lauryl methacrylate ester-based monolithic columns has been developed. The separation of Ts was optimized in terms of mobile phase composition on the basis of the best compromise among efficiency, resolution and analysis time. Using a mobile phase composed of ACN/methanol/water, an excellent resolution between Ts was achieved within 18 min. The LODs were lower than 0.26 μg/mL, being repeatability values of retention time and peak area below 0.15 and 3.1%, respectively. The method was applied to the quantification of Ts and tocotrienols present in several vegetable oil…
Bell Beakers in the southeast of France. From Archaeology to History of the third millenium BC
2002
The term "Bell Beaker", in the strict sense, designates a ceramic beaker form with an S-shaped profile that gives it the shape of an inverted bell. This type of drinking-vessel is characterized by both its very particular pattern of decoration and by the generally skilled execution of that decoration. By extension, the decoration characteristic of these beakers bas allowed the expansion of the category "Bell-Beaker" to include other pottery forms and even other types of decoration showing the same tradition, vvhich probably represent an evolution or reproduction of the original Bell Beaker pattern, The recognition of these objects and their definition as a class date to the nineteenth centu…