Search results for "load"

showing 10 items of 1967 documents

Anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactors for high strength wastewater treatment

2013

A laboratory scale external anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (AnDMBR) treating high strength wastewater was operated to assess the effect of gas sparging velocity and organic loading rate on removal efficiency and dynamic membrane (DM) filtration characteristics. An increase in gas sparging velocity (GSV) results in a decrease in DM filtration resistance. DM or cake formation was identified as the main contribution to the total filtration resistance. Over 99% COD removal was obtained in the study regardless of the GSV. The results showed that the DM formation process proceeded until a stable cake layer thickness was reached. An effective pollutant removal and high permeate quality was …

dynamic membraneorganic loading ratewastewate treatmentanaerobic membrane bioreactorbiogas spargingfeasibility
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A stoichiometric perspective on host-parasite interactions

2013

ecological stoichiometryfosfaatitympäristötekijäthiilienvironmental qualityparasitismiparasitologiaravinteetnutrient loadingparasite virulencelois-isäntäsuhdetyppiDaphnialoisetravinnepitoisuusparasite prevalence
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O26 Population pharmacokinetic meta-analysis of individual data to design the first randomized efficacy trial of vancomycin in neonates and young Inf…

2019

BackgroundIn the absence of consensus, the present meta-analysis was performed to determine an optimal dosing regimen of vancomycin for neonates.MethodsA ‘meta-model’ using NONMEM with 4894 concentrations from 1631 neonates was built and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to design an optimal intermittent infusion, aiming at reaching a target AUC0-24 of 400 mg*h/L at steady state in at least 80% of neonates.ResultsA two-compartment model best fitted the data. Current weight, post-menstrual age (PMA) and serum creatinine were the significant covariates for clearance (CL). After model validation, simulations showed that a loading dose (25 mg/kg) and a maintenance dose (15 mg/kg twice dail…

education.field_of_studyCreatininePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryMaintenance dosePopulationLoading doseNONMEMchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPharmacokineticsMeta-analysisPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthmedicineVancomycineducationbusinessmedicine.drugArchives of Disease in Childhood
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FibroTest is an independent predictor of virologic response in chronic hepatitis C patients retreated with pegylated interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin…

2011

Background & Aims EPIC-3 is a prospective, international study that has demonstrated the efficacy of PEG-IFN alfa-2b plus weight-based ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C and significant fibrosis who previously failed any interferon–alfa/ribavirin therapy. The aim of the present study was to assess FibroTest (FT), a validated non-invasive marker of fibrosis in treatment-naive patients, as a possible alternative to biopsy as the baseline predictor of subsequent early virologic (EVR) and sustained virologic response (SVR) in previously treated patients. Methods Of 2312 patients enrolled, 1459 had an available baseline FT, biopsy, and complete data. Uni- (UV) and multi-variable (MV)…

education.field_of_studymedicine.medical_specialtyHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryFibroTestRibavirinPopulationvirus diseasesAlpha interferonHepatitis Cmedicine.diseaseGastroenterologydigestive system diseaseschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryInternal medicineImmunologyBiopsyMedicinebusinesseducationViral loadInterferon alfamedicine.drugJournal of Hepatology
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Fibre break failure processes in unidirectional composites: evaluation of critical damage states

2016

Earlier work which successfully modelled the kinetics of fibre breakage in unidirectional composites under monotonic tensile loading has been extended to quantify the kinetics of fibre failure during both monotonic and sustained tensile loading. In both cases, failure was seen to occur when a critical density of large clusters (more than 16 fibres are broken within the representative volume element) of fibre breaks developed. However, in monotonic loading failure occurred very quickly after the first development of these large clusters, whereas under sustained loading the composite could accommodate greater levels of large clusters because of the lower applied load. This article is part of …

effects of monotonic and sustained tensile loadingWork (thermodynamics)Materials scienceclusters of breaksGeneral MathematicsComposite numberfibre breakscritical damageGeneral Engineering[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]General Physics and AstronomyStructural integrity02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringBreakageUltimate tensile strength[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Representative elementary volumeComposite material0210 nano-technology
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Benchmark study of undrained triaxial testing of Opalinus Clay shale: Results and implications for robust testing

2021

Triaxial testing of argillaceous rocks and shales is significantly more challenging than conventional rock mechanical testing. The challenges are mainly related to the very low permeability of these geomaterials, and their sensitivity to exposure of atmosphere and brines, which induces variations of water content, suction and effective stress. There are currently no international standards to guide service laboratories for robust testing procedures for shales. A benchmark study of undrained triaxial testing was therefore initiated with three leading service laboratories in shale testing, performing 13 tests and using two different methods of establishing sample saturation prior to deformati…

elastic moduliUndrained triaxial testingairEffective stress0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technology010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesopalinus clayundrained triaxial testingVolume expansionLow permeabilitygas shalesGeotechnical engineeringComputers in Earth SciencesOpalinus ClaySafety Risk Reliability and Quality021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesdegradationstrain rateSettore ICAR/07 - GeotecnicabehaviorsaturationElastic moduliStrain rateElastic moduli Opalinus Clay Saturation Strain rate Strength Undrained triaxial testingSaturationGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyShear (geology)Loading rateStrengthMaterial propertiesSaturation (chemistry)strengthOil shaleGeology
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Bounds on plastic strains for elastic plastic structures in plastic shakedown conditions

2007

The problem related to the computation of bounds on plastic deformations for structures in plastic shakedown condition (alternating plasticity) is studied. In particular, reference is made to structures discretized by finite elements constituted by elastic perfectly plastic material and subjected to a special combination of fixed and cyclic loads. The load history is known during the steady-state phase, but it is unknown during the previous transient phase; so, as a consequence, it is not possible to know the complete elastic plastic structural response. The interest is therefore focused on the computation of bounds on suitable measures of the plastic strain which characterizes just the fir…

elastic plastic structureperturbation methodsMaterials scienceDiscretizationcyclic loadbusiness.industryPlane (geometry)Mechanical EngineeringMathematical analysisBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringPlasticityplastic shakedownMeasure (mathematics)Finite element methodShakedownboundMechanics of MaterialsPlastic bendingLevy–Mises equationsbusinessCivil and Structural Engineering
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Inf-sup conditions on convex cones and applications to limit load analysis

2019

The paper is devoted to a family of specific inf–sup conditions generated by tensor-valued functions on convex cones. First, we discuss the validity of such conditions and estimate the value of the respective constant. Then, the results are used to derive estimates of the distance to dual cones, which are required in the analysis of limit loads of perfectly plastic structures. The equivalence between the static and kinematic approaches to limit analysis is proven and computable majorants of the limit load are derived. Particular interest is paid to the Drucker–Prager yield criterion. The last section exposes a collection of numerical examples including basic geotechnical stability problems.…

elementtimenetelmäosittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötinf-sup conditions on convex conescomputable majorants of inf–sup constantsfailure of structuresperfect plasticitylimit load analysis
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Heart in Hyperthyroidism

2019

Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that produces important clinical consequences on the cardiovascular system. In overt hyperthyroidism the increase in left ventricular performance is predominantly sustained by an increased preload with enhanced left ventricular diastolic function and reduced systemic vascular resistance. The pattern of cardiovascular abnormalities is similar in subclinical and overt hypothyroidism, suggesting that a lesser degree of thyroid hormone deficiency may also affect the cardiovascular system. Untreated overt and subclinical hypothyroidism can lead to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), and cardiovascular mortality.

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesbusiness.industryThyroidmedicine.diseasePreloadmedicine.anatomical_structureHeart failureInternal medicineVascular resistanceCardiologyMedicineEndocrine systembusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsCardiovascular mortalitySubclinical infectionHormone
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Sialoendoscopy: state of the art, challenges and further perspectives. Round Table, 101st SIO National Congress, Catania 2014

2015

This draft of the Official Round Table held during the 101(st) SIO National Congress is an updated review on sialoendoscopy, a technique used for diagnosis and treatment of obstructive pathologies of salivary glands in a minimally invasive fashion. This review treats many aspects of salivary gland endoscopy, starting from anatomy to deal with the more advanced surgical techniques and analyses the main decisional algorithms proposed in the literature. In addition, particular attention was directed to the current limitations of this technique and to the potential developments that sialoendoscopy could have in the near future.Questo testo è un estratto della Tavola Rotonda Istituzionale tenuta…

endoscopic surgerysialolithiasisendoscopic surgery; salivary duct; salivary glands; sialoadenitis; sialoendoscopy; sialolithiasissalivary glandssialoadenitisHumansEndoscopysalivary ductReviewAlgorithmsSialadenitissialoendoscopy
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