Search results for "longitude"

showing 10 items of 36 documents

Geo-Epidemiology of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Clues Into the Pathogenesis

2015

Abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate the demographic, geographic, and race-related variables that account for geographic variability in prevalence rates of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN: Systematic review, meta-regression, and decision-tree analysis. METHODS: A systematic literature review of PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases identified population-based studies on the prevalence of AMD published before May 2014. Only population-based studies that took place in a spatially explicit geographic area that could be geolocalized, and used retinal photographs and standardized grading classifications, were included. Latitude and longitude data (geolocalization) and the…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresPopulationPrevalenceGlobal HealthPrevalence of AMDLatitude03 medical and health sciencesMacular Degeneration0302 clinical medicineAge DistributionRisk FactorsEpidemiologymedicinePrevalenceHumans030212 general & internal medicineSex DistributioneducationAgedAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyGeoepidemiologyGeographySettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato VisivoDecision TreesRegression analysisBayes TheoremMiddle Agedeye diseasesOphthalmologyGeographySystematic reviewAge-Related Macular DegenerationMeta-analysis030221 ophthalmology & optometryFemalesense organsLongitudeDemography
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Morphological determination of the phototrophic community composition of biological soil crusts in coastal sand dunes in northern Germany

2022

This dataset comprises the microbial community composition of biological soil crusts in north-German sand dunes. For this we obtained enrichment cultures of phototrophic microorganisms, by placing fragments of biocrusts of the same Petri dishes as used for sequencing, in Petri dishes with Bold Basal (1N BBM) agarized medium (Bischoff and Bold 1963). Cultures were grown under standard laboratory conditions: with a 12-hour alteration of light and dark phases and irradiation of 25 μmol photons m-2 s-1 at a temperature 20 ± 5 ºС. Microscopic study of these raw cultures began in the third week of cultivation. Morphological examinations were performed using Olympus BX53 light microscope with Noma…

Nostoc cf linckiaNodosilinea cf. epilithicaTetracystis cf. sarcinalisCylindrocystis cf crassaPtychostomum moravicumElliptochloris subsphaericaThin layer chromatographyAsterococcus spCylindrocystis cf. crassaCladonia phyllophoraChloroidium cf ellipsoideumChlorolobion sp.Hypnum cupressiforme var lacunosumHypogymnia physodesStichococcus cf. bacillarisEremochloris spCrustsParmelia sulcataStenomitos sp.algaeBracteacoccus sp.Chlorococcum spPtychostomum capillarewith Nomarski DIC opticsCladonia chlorophaeaCladonia foliaceaBiospheric SciencesMyrmecia cf irregularisField experimentNodosilinea cf epilithicaBacidina etayanaPolytrichum juniperinumCoccomyxa sp.Placynthiella uliginosaLeptolyngbya spPohlia nutansCladonia furcataPeltigera extenuataWatanabea cf. acidophilaGeosciencesChloroidium cf. ellipsoideumLongitude of eventWatanabea cf acidophilaParietochloris cf. alveolarisPtychostomum imbricatulumSiteLight microscope Olympus Ltd BX53 with Nomarski DIC opticsDicranum scopariumSyntrichia ruraliformisBX53Pseudochlorella spKlebsormidium cf flaccidumOlympus LtdCladonia novochlorophaeaDATE TIMECladonia cocciferaCladonia conistaNostoc cf. linckiaDiplosphaera chodatii16S rRNAOxyrrhynchium praelongumTetracystis cf sarcinalisChlorokybus atmophyticusNostoc sp.Interfilum cf. massjukiaeMicarea misellaCoelastrella spStenomitos spNostoc spEvent labelLecanora hageniiPolytrichum piliferumTetradesmus arenicolaElevation of eventPlanophila spChlorococcum sp.Campylopus introflexusCladonia ramulosaCephaloziella divaricataPseudochlorella sp.Nostoc cf. communeChlorolobion spNannochloris spCladonia rangiformisMacrochloris spNannochloris sp.Cladonia fimbriataEvernia prunastriCaloplaca cerinellaLecania cyrtellaLecanora persimilisCladonia subulataPseudoscleropodium purumStichococcus cf bacillarisLatitude of eventLight microscopeInterfilum terricolaCladonia glaucaCladonia portentosaPlanophila sp.Spongiochloris spCladonia reisediment analysisCladonia gracilisHypnum cupressiformeTolypothrix cf. byssoideaCeratodon purpureusEcologyCladonia uncialis ssp biuncialisPseudomuriella cf. aurantiacaCylindrocystis sp.Klebsormidium cf. subtileRacomitrium canescensMicrocoleus vaginatusCoccomyxa spCylindrocystis spLobochlamys sp.soil ecologyXanthoria parietinaCladonia ciliataHypnum cupressiforme var. lacunosumActinochloris terrestrisInterfilum cf massjukiaeNatural SciencesChlorella vulgarisMacrochloris sp.Coelastrella sp.Bracteacoccus spRacomitrium elongatumCladonia scabriusculaNostoc cf. edaphicumStichococcus allasLocationNostoc cf edaphicumKlebsormidium cf. flaccidumLophozia bicuspidataPseudomuriella cf aurantiacaKlebsormidium crenulatumduneNostoc cf communeLeptolyngbya sp.Ptilidium ciliatumCladonia macilentaMyrmecia cf. irregularisPtychostomum compactumLobochlamys spPleurozium schreberiCladonia arbusculaPhyscia tenellaBrachythecium albicansPeltigera hymeniaAmandinea punctataTimaviella sp.Scoliciosporum galluraeParietochloris cf alveolarisAsterococcus sp.Hennediella heimiiTimaviella spDATE/TIMECladonia humilisBryum capillareTolypothrix cf byssoideaKlebsormidium cf subtileEremochloris sp.Cladonia floerkeanaSpongiochloris sp.Cladonia uncialis ssp. biuncialisHypnum jutlandicum
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Physiological advantages of dwarfing in surviving extinctions in high-CO2 oceans

2015

Excessive CO2 in the present-day ocean-atmosphere system is causing ocean acidification, and is likely to cause a severe biodiversity decline in the future, mirroring effects in many past mass extinctions. Fossil records demonstrate that organisms surviving such events were often smaller than those before, a phenomenon called the Lilliput effect. Here, we show that two gastropod species adapted to acidified seawater at shallow-water CO2 seeps were smaller than those found in normal pH conditions and had higher mass-specific energy consumption but significantly lower whole-animal metabolic energy demand. These physiological changes allowed the animals to maintain calcification and to partial…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)IdentificationSalinityTemperateBicarbonate ion standard deviationBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)Alkalinity total standard deviationinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedWidthCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalCO2 ventpHRespirationCalcification rate of calcium carbonateTemperatureMonthdissolvedCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Temperature water standard deviationRespiration rateEarth System ResearchField observationstandard deviationThicknessCalcification/DissolutionPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statePotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteGrowth MorphologyFigureAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosMediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCCalcite saturation state standard deviationAnimaliaBicarbonate ionLONGITUDECalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCyclope neriteaBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSHeightPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonHeight/width ratioTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesCalcification DissolutionLATITUDEHeight width ratioBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfNassarius corniculusoxygenTable
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Could the acid-base status of Antarctic sea urchins indicate a better-than-expected resilience to near-future ocean acidification?

2015

Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration alters the chemistry of the oceans towards more acidic conditions. Polar oceans are particularly affected due to their low temperature, low carbonate content and mixing patterns, for instance upwellings. Calcifying organisms are expected to be highly impacted by the decrease in the oceans' pH and carbonate ions concentration. In particular, sea urchins, members of the phylum Echinodermata, are hypothesized to be at risk due to their high-magnesium calcite skeleton. However, tolerance to ocean acidification in metazoans is first linked to acid-base regulation capacities of the extracellular fluids. No information on this is available to dat…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)SalinityNotocidaris gaussensisBicarbonate ion standard deviationinorganicAlkalinity total standard deviationAlkalinityCoulometric titrationExperimentCarbon inorganic dissolvedTemperature waterSizeCoelomic fluidCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010CalculatedAragonite saturation stateCtenocidaris giganteaAlkalinity totaltotalAmphipneustes loriolipHTemperaturedissolvedAcid base regulationCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Carbon dioxide standard deviationSterechinus neumayeriEarth System ResearchAporocidaris eltanianaδ13Cstandard deviationField observationPolarStation labelEchinodermataPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCoelomic fluid alkalinityPotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideAmphipneustes similisAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosDATE TIMEOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCSterechinus antarcticusAnimaliaCalcite saturation state standard deviationBicarbonate ionLONGITUDECalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCalculated using CO2SYScarbonEvent labelPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCoelomic fluid carbon inorganic dissolvedCarbonate system computation flagAcid-base regulationpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Amphipneustes rostratusPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airDATE/TIMECarbon dioxideDifferenceSingle speciesCoelomic fluid pHLATITUDEFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airAntarcticBenthic animalsCoast and continental shelfAbatus cavernosus
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Ocean acidification impairs vermetid reef recruitment

2014

Vermetids form reefs in sub-tropical and warm-temperate waters that protect coasts from erosion, regulate sediment transport and accumulation, serve as carbon sinks and provide habitat for other species. The gastropods that form these reefs brood encapsulated larvae; they are threatened by rapid environmental changes since their ability to disperse is very limited. We used transplant experiments along a natural CO2 gradient to assess ocean acidification effects on the reef-building gastropod Dendropoma petraeum. We found that although D. petraeum were able to reproduce and brood at elevated levels of CO2, recruitment success was adversely affected. Long-term exposure to acidified conditions…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)SalinityTemperateSurvivalAbundance per areainorganicAlkalinityIncubation durationExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedNeogoniolithon brassica-floridaCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalCO2 ventMortality SurvivalpHReproductionTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errorStrontium/Calcium ratiodissolvedMagnesium/Calcium ratioCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentstandard errorEarth System ResearchRecruitmentMortality/SurvivalFOS: Medical biotechnologygeographic locationsPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCoveragePotentiometricwaterSiteGrowth MorphologyFigureAlkalinity total standard errorBenthosReplicateMediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaBicarbonate ionNeogoniolithon brassica floridaLONGITUDETemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorCalculated using CO2SYSfungiCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonAragonite saturation state standard errorPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesLATITUDEBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airMagnesium Calcium ratioCoast and continental shelfDendropoma petraeumStrontium Calcium ratio
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Shallow water marine sediment bacterial community shifts along a natural CO2 gradient in the Mediterranean Sea Off vulcano, Italy

2014

The effects of increasing atmospheric CO(2) on ocean ecosystems are a major environmental concern, as rapid shoaling of the carbonate saturation horizon is exposing vast areas of marine sediments to corrosive waters worldwide. Natural CO(2) gradients off Vulcano, Italy, have revealed profound ecosystem changes along rocky shore habitats as carbonate saturation levels decrease, but no investigations have yet been made of the sedimentary habitat. Here, we sampled the upper 2 cm of volcanic sand in three zones, ambient (median pCO(2) 419 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 3.77), moderately CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 592 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 2.96), and highly CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 1611…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCommunity composition and diversityPotentiometricinorganicwaterAlkalinitySiteFigureBenthosTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedAbundanceCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaBicarbonate ionAragonite saturation stateSoft-bottom communityAlkalinity totalLONGITUDEtotalCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)CO2 ventSpeciesShannon Diversity IndexpHCalculated using CO2SYSTemperatureCarbonate system computation flagdissolvedFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Carbonate ionCarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSoft bottom communityEntire communityEarth System ResearchLATITUDEFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airGroupCoast and continental shelfField observationClass
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Calcifying zooplankton standing stocks and in the North Pacific from the R/V Kilo Moana cruise KM1712

2022

This dataset compiles the standing stocks (ind/m³), the integrated standing stocks (ind/m²) and the integrated CaCO3 standing stocks (mg/m²) for three groups of zooplanktonic calcifying organisms: pteropods, heteropods and foraminifers. The organisms were collected by oblique towing (Ø 0.5 m, 90 μm mesh size, SeaGear mechanical flowmeter) in the North Pacific between Hawaii and the Gulf of Alaska during the R/V Kilo Moana cruise KM1712 in August 2017. The sampling strategy was designed to capture an integrated sample of all foraminifers, pteropods and heteropods from juveniles to adults living throughout the upper water column. Pteropods and heteropods were quantified and shell diameter mea…

Pteropoda standard deviationDate Time of event 2RV Kilo MoanaForaminiferaLight microscopeLatitude of eventDate/Time of event 2Foraminifera calcium carbonate per areaPlankton netKM1712CalculatedpteropodsNorth PacificForaminifera standard deviationLeicaWater volumeStanding stocksEarth System Researchstandard deviationMechanical flowmeter SeaGearMechanical flowmeterSeaGearStation labelPteropoda calcium carbonate per areaZ16 AP0Carbonate productionLongitude of eventPterotracheoidea calcium carbonate per areawaterPterotracheoideaDate Time localfilteredDate/Time of eventCoccolithophoresPteropodaPteropoda calcium carbonate per area standard deviationPterotracheoidea standard deviationDEPTH waterLongitude of event 2Date/Time localEvent labelDate Time of eventWater volume filteredPterotracheoidea calcium carbonate per area standard deviationcalcium carbonate per areaLatitude of event 2Foraminifera calcium carbonate per area standard deviationDEPTHLight microscope Leica Z16 AP0Heteropods
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Dataset of a globally relevant stock of soil nitrogen in the Yedoma permafrost domain

2022

This dataset merges nitrogen data from the Yedoma domain. It includes numerous fieldwork campaigns, which take place since 1998. In total 467 samples from the active layer (seasonally thawed layer), 175 samples from perennially frozen Holocene cover deposits, 479 samples from thermokarst deposits in drained thermokarst, 175 in-situ thawed, diagenetically (anaerobic microbial decomposition possible during unfrozen phase) altered Yedoma deposits (called Taberite), and 917 samples from frozen Yedoma deposits are included. Moreover it includes a NH4+ and NO3- quantification basing on of 658 samples, including 378 data points for NH4+ (active layer, 93; Holocene cover, 108; thermokarst sediment,…

Reference sourceNitrogenpermafrost thawLocationStratigraphyorganicDensityDEPTH sediment/rockPermafrost Research AWI_PermaArcticDensity bulk permafrostPermafrost Research (AWI_Perma)Sample numbernitrogen cycletop minCarbon Nitrogen ratiobulkELEVATIONLONGITUDEtotalorganic matterbottom maxDepthDepth top/minWater (ice) segregatedCarbonCarbon/Nitrogen ratiosediment rocksegregatedSample IDWater iceNitrogen totalclimate feedbackLATITUDEEarth System ResearchDepth bottom/maxPersistent IdentifierCarbon organic totalReference/sourcepermafrost
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(Table 1) Sea surface temperature reconstruction for eastern equatorial Pacific surface sediment samples

2012

Significant uncertainties persist in the reconstruction of past sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific, especially regarding the amplitude of the glacial cooling and the details of the post-glacial warming. Here we present the first regional calibration of alkenone unsaturation in surface sediments versus mean annual sea surface temperatures (maSST). Based on 81 new and 48 previously published data points, it is shown that open ocean samples conform to established global regressions of Uk'37 versus maSST and that there is no systematic bias from seasonality in the production or export of alkenones, or from surface ocean nutrient concentrations or salinity. The flattening…

Reference sourceRC23RR9702ASea surface temperatureannual meaninterpolatedV21Roger A RevellePiston corer (BGR type)ME0005Aunsaturation index UK 37VemaKNR182 91988RC18Marion Dufresne (1995)Hakuho MaruKH-03-1MultiCorerTemperaturePiston corer BGR typeAMPHITRITEsediment rockRoger A. RevelleKH 03 1Earth System ResearchLeg138Robert ConradCoreWecomaCalculated from UK 37 Prahl et alPiston corerMoana WaveLongitude of eventHakuho-MaruAlkenone unsaturation index UK'37Thomas WashingtonW7706differenceKNR176-2KNR195-5Leg201DEPTH sediment/rockVNTR01SO147PLDS 3Sea surface temperature annual meanPLDS-3Giant piston corerMW8708MelvilleMD126Marion Dufresne 1995KnorrRC11RC13Event labelJoides ResolutionYALOC69Calculated from UK'37 (Prahl et al. 1988)V19ArgoSonneKNR176 2KNR195 5DEPTHYaquinaKNR182-9Gravity corerTemperature differenceBox corerAlkenoneComposite CoreSCANReference/source
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Oxygen isotope and salinity measurements of coastal surface waters in the Gulf of Maine

2020

These data include salinity and oxygen isotope measurements of water samples collected from coastal sites along the Gulf of Maine between 2003 and 2015. In particular, a suite of samples were collected along the coast of Maine, east of Penobscot Bay, on a monthly basis between April 2014 and March 2015. These data also include several freshwater samples collected from the Kennebec and Penobscot Rivers on a semi-monthly basis in 2014 and 2015. For the water samples with sample IDs starting with DSW, JSW, NSW, or OSW: The water samples were collected by hand from shore or boat using French square glass bottles with phenolic polycone lined caps. Salinity was measured using a Oakton SALT 6+ han…

SalinityGulf of MainewaterCommentWater sampleδ18O waterReference of dataDATE/TIMESample IDOxygen isotopesDATE TIMEEarth System ResearchLATITUDEYear of observationδ18OLONGITUDE
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