Search results for "longitudinal"

Impact of Energy Availability, Health, and Sex on Hemoglobin-Mass Responses Following Live-High-Train-High Altitude Training in Elite Female and Male…

2018

Purpose: The authors investigated the effects of sex, energy availability (EA), and health status on the change in hemoglobin mass (ΔHbmass) in elite endurance athletes over ∼3–4 wk of live-high–train-high altitude training in Flagstaff, AZ (2135 m; n = 27 women; n = 21 men; 27% 2016 Olympians). Methods: Precamp and postcamp Hbmass (optimized carbon monoxide rebreathing method) and iron status were measured, EA was estimated via food and training logs, and a Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAFQ) and a general injury/illness questionnaire were completed. Hypoxic exposure (h) was calculated with low (<500 h), moderate (500–600 h), and high (>600 h) groupings. Results:…

Persistence or change in leisure-time physical activity habits and waist gain during early adulthood: a twin-study.

2014

Objective To determine the relationship between persistence or change in leisure-time physical activity habits and waist gain among young adults. Design and Methods Population-based cohort study among 3383 Finnish twin individuals (1578 men) from five birth cohorts (1975–1979), who answered questionnaires at mean ages of 24.4 y (SD 0.9) and 33.9 y (SD 1.2), with reported self-measured waist circumference. Persistence or change in leisure-time physical activity habits was defined based on thirds of activity metabolic equivalent h/day during follow-up (mean 9.5 y; SD 0.7). Results Decreased activity was linked to greater waist gain compared to increased activity (3.6 cm, P<0.001 for men; 3.1 …

Resting metabolic rate and postabsorptive substrate oxidation in morbidly obese subjects before and after massive weight loss

1996

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of resting metabolic rate (RMR) and postabsorptive oxidation of carbohydrates (CHO), lipids (LIP) and proteins (PT) in morbidly obese subjects after long-term stable massive weight reduction. DESIGN: Longitudinal, intervention study of a bilio-pancreatic by-pass. SUBJECTS: Ten (Four men, six women) obese subjects (BMI: 53.7 ± 2.1 kg/m2, men, nine women) control subjects (BMI: 21.4 ± 1.0 kg/m2). MEASUREMENTS: RMR and substrates oxidation (indirect calorimetry), body composition (bioelectrical impedance), plasma concentrations of glucose, FFA, insulin and thyroid hormones before (T0, prior to surgery), during (T1: 1-3 months, and T2: 9-16 months following…

The Amount of Mitochondrial DNA in Blood Reflects the Course of a Depressive Episode

2016

The factor structure of the Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey: A comparison of different models in a sample of recently diagnosed cancer p…

2018

[EN] Objective: To analyse the factor structure and psychometric properties of the original and abbreviated versions of the Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) in recently-diagnosed cancer patients. Method: A sample of 128 newly-diagnosed cancer patients were assessed with the Spanish versions of the MOS-SSS and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to analyse six different factor structures. Internal consistency and convergent validity indexes were calculated. The models tested included all of the following: 1) the original five-factor model (comprised of the following dimensions: emotional, informational, and tangi…

Predictors of neurocognitive impairment at 3years after a first episode non-affective psychosis

2013

Abstract Background Neurocognitive impairment is a core component of schizophrenia. However, patients show great variability in the level and course of deficits. The goal of the present longitudinal study was to identify predictors of neurocognitive impairment in first episode psychosis patients. Methods N eurocognitive performance was analyzed in a cohort of 146 patients 3 years after a first episode non-affective psychosis. Subgroups, impaired vs. unimpaired, were compared on baseline clinical, neuropsychological, premorbid and sociodemographic characteristics. Results Fifty-nine percent of participants presented general neurocognitive impairment and regression analyses demonstrated that …

The relevance of cognitive, clinical and premorbid variables in predicting functional outcome for individuals with first-episode psychosis: A 3 year …

2013

Real-world functional deficits are common and persistent in individuals with psychosis. Cognitive deficits have been shown to compromise functioning. We aimed to study the predictive values of premorbid, sociodemographic, and baseline clinical and neurocognitive factors on long-term functional outcome for individuals with first episode non-affective psychosis. We failed to demonstrate a significant relationship between cognitive deficits at baseline and functional disability at 3 year follow-up. Diagnosis of schizophrenia (OR=2.457, p=0.011), shorter education (OR=1.177, p=0.005) and poor premorbid social adjustment (OR=1.628, p=0.013) emerged as the strongest predictors for the 114 subject…

Changes in self-rated health and quality of life among Syrian refugees migrating to Norway: a prospective longitudinal study

2020

Abstract Background Forced migrants can be exposed to various stressors that can impact their health and wellbeing. How the different stages in the migration process impacts health is however poorly explored. The aim of this study was to examine changes in self-rated health (SRH) and quality of life (QoL) among a cohort of adult Syrian refugees before and after resettlement in Norway. Method We used a prospective longitudinal study design with two assessment points to examine changes in health among adult Syrian resettlement refugees in Lebanon accepted for resettlement in Norway. We gathered baseline data in 2017/2018 in Lebanon and subsequently at follow-up one year after arrival. The mai…

Quality of life, depression and fatigue in mildly disabled patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis receiving subcutaneous interferon bet…

2011

Background: The precise relationships among quality of life, depression, fatigue and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis (MS) are complex and poorly understood. Objective: To assess the effects of subcutaneous interferon beta-1a on quality of life, depression and fatigue over 3 years in the COGIMUS study, and to examine the relationship between these outcomes and baseline cognitive status. Methods: COGIMUS was an observational 3-year trial assessing cognitive function in 459 patients with relapsing–remitting MS treated with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a. Results: In total, 331 patients completed the study (168 received interferon beta-1a, 44 µg subcutaneously three times weekly, a…

Long-term results of surgical treatment of high myopia with Worst-Fechner intraocular lenses

1995

Abstract This retrospective study evaluated the results in 90 eyes that had a minus-power anterior chamber intraocular lens implanted to correct high myopia. Preoperative myopia ranged from −7.00 to −24.00 D. Postoperative spherical equivalent was −0.50 D; 80.5% of eyes were within 1.00 D of emmetropia. Two years postoperatively, no cataract formation, retinal detachment, glaucoma, or significant endothelial damage had occurred. We conclude that minus-power lenses can rapidly, safely, and predictably correct high myopia in phakic patients.