Search results for "malformations"

Craniofacial venous malformations treated by percutaneous sclerotherapy using polidocanol: a single-center experience.

2018

Background Percutaneous therapy with various sclerosants is an established treatment of venous malformations in general. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of polidocanol in the craniofacial region. Purpose To present and evaluate our subjective and objective mid- and long-term results of patients with craniofacial venous malformations (CFVM) after percutaneous sclerotherapy using polidocanol. Material and Methods Twenty patients with CFVM treated by percutaneous sclerotherapy were followed up and asked to fill in a questionnaire comparing levels of the following CFVM-related symptoms before and after treatment: pain; functional impairment; cosmetic deformities; and impairment in …

Imaging of inner ear malformations: a primer for radiologists

2021

AbstractIn the multidisciplinary management of patients with inner ear malformations (IEMs), the correct diagnosis makes the differences in terms of clinical and surgical treatment. The complex anatomical landscape of the inner ear, comprising several small structures, makes imaging of this region particularly challenging for general radiologists. Imaging techniques are important for identifying the presence and defining the type of IEM and the cochlear nerve condition. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) are the mainstay imaging techniques in this area. Dedicated MRI and HRCT protocols play an important role in the diagn…

Recommendations for Multimodal Noninvasive and Invasive Screening for Detection of Extracranial Venous Abnormalities Indicative of Chronic Cerebrospi…

2014

Under the auspices of the International Society for Neurovascular Disease (ISNVD), four expert panel committees were created from the ISNVD membership between 2011 and 2012 to determine and standardize noninvasive and invasive imaging protocols for detection of extracranial venous abnormalities indicative of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI). The committees created working groups on color Doppler ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, catheter venography (CV), and intravascular US. Each group organized a workshop focused on its assigned imaging modality. Non-ISNVD members from other societies were invited to contribute to the various workshops. More than 60 neuro…

Posterior Approach to Axis Instability

2016

Many pathologies can cause instability of the cranio-vertebral junction (CVJ). Among the most common diseases must be considered thraumatisms, neoplasms, inflammation, but also congenital malformations. Instability of the CVJ is a potentially life-threatening condition and improper treatment can lead to severe neurological deficits as well as continuous, excruciating pain in the neck. Conservative treatments are often disappointing and surgery must always be taken in consideration when approaching instability of the CVJ, being in many cases the only therapy that can provide satisfactory results.

Occupational exposure to pesticides and congenital malformations: A review of mechanisms, methods, and results

1998

Pesticides are chemicals that are widely used all over the world. Human beings can be exposed through environmental contamination and/or occupational use of pesticides. Although there is substantial information on the acute toxicity of many of these chemicals, available knowledge on delayed effects is much more limited. This paper reviews epidemiological studies on occupational exposure to pesticides, mainly in agricultural workers, and risk of congenital malformations. The discussion includes postulated mechanisms for birth defects from paternal or maternal exposure, a detailed review of method of the studies carried out so far on the relationship between occupational exposure to pesticide…

Cavernous malformation of the optic chiasm: An uncommon location

2015

Background: Cavernous malformations (CMs) of the optic chiasm are rare lesions often presenting with acute chiasmal syndrome or a progressive visual loss. The case of a 48-year-old female with an intrachiasmatic CM is presented. Case Description: The patient presented with an insidious history of progressive visual loss. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a CM in the suprasellar region. The patient was operated via a right pterional approach with a complete lesion removal. The postoperative course was uneventful. Early postoperative ophthalmological examination revealed minimal improvement of the vision in the left eye. Conclusion: The clinical, neuroradiological, and intraoperative fi…

Antithrombotic therapy of Cerebral cavernous malformations

2020

Abstract Cavernous malformations are recognized as the most common vascular anomalies in the brain, that often lead to hemorrhage with neurological symptoms. Usually the treatment is surgical removal or stereotactic radiotherapy. We present a case of a slow-flow vascular anomaly located in the cavernous sinus with recurrent partial thrombotic areas. Inspired by treatment of peripheral venous anomalies antithrombotic therapy was initiated instead of surgery or stereotactic radiotherapy. This led to complete spontaneous resolution of the lesion and normalization of symptoms within nine months. The patient never showed any symptoms over a period of eight years while continuing antithrombotic t…

Interdisciplinary management of peripheral arteriovenous malformations: review of the literature and current proceedings.

2021

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are a rare congenital vascular disorder. They represent a fast-flow vascular malformation. Clinically, AVMs present a heterogenous expression and can affect every part of the body. Here, we will solely focus on extracranial AVMs. Generally, AVMs progress with the patient's age. Patients often suffer from pulsation, skin discoloration, pain, ulceration, bleeding, and disfigurement. Diagnostic tools include color-coded duplex sonography, MRI and CT imaging, as well as the clinical examination. 4D dynamic perfusion-computed tomography may help in the interventional planning. Digital subtraction angiography is required during interventional therapy. AVMs pose …

Intralesional Endoscopy and Septectomy as a Diagnostic Tool and Treatment Method for Lymphatic Malformations

2017

Multiple Congenital Colonic Stenosis: A Rare Gastrointestinal Malformation

2016

Congenital colonic stenosis is a rare pediatric condition. Since 1968, only 16 cases have been reported in the literature. To the authors’ knowledge, multiple congenital colonic stenosis has not been previously reported in the literature. We report the case of a 2-month-old male, presented at our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with a suspicion of intestinal malrotation. Clinical examination revealed persistent abdominal distension. During the enema examination, the contrast medium appeared to fill the lumen of the colon up to three stenotic segments and could not proceed further. Intraoperatively we confirmed the presence of four types of colonic atresia, located in the ascending, transverse,…