Search results for "mammalia"
showing 10 items of 304 documents
Kinetic characterization of mitochondrial complex I inhibitors using annonaceous acetogenins
1999
The NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain is by far the largest and most complicated of the proton-translocating enzymes involved in the oxidative phosphorylation. Many clues regarding the electron pathways from matrix NADH to membrane ubiquinone and the links of this process with the translocation of protons are highly controversial. Different types of inhibitors become valuable tools to dissect the electron and proton pathways of this complex enzyme. Therefore, further knowledge of the mode of action of complex I inhibitors is needed to understand the underlying mechanism of energy conservation. This study presents for the first time a detailed …
Identifying and validating the presence of guanine-quadruplexes (G4) within the blood fluke parasite schistosoma mansoni
2021
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that currently affects over 250 million individuals worldwide. In the absence of an immunoprophylactic vaccine and the recognition that mono-chemotherapeutic control of schistosomiasis by praziquantel has limitations, new strategies for managing disease burden are urgently needed. A better understanding of schistosome biology could identify previously undocumented areas suitable for the development of novel interventions. Here, for the first time, we detail the presence of G-quadruplexes (G4) and putative quadruplex forming sequences (PQS) within the Schistosoma mansoni genome. We find that G4 are present in both intragenic and intergenic regi…
Tbx1 regulates Vegfr3 and is required for lymphatic vessel development
2010
Defects in lymphangiogenesis are added to the broad clinical manifestations of DiGeorge syndrome, caused by deletion of the T box transcription factor Tbx1.
Microphthalmia, persistent hyperplastic hyaloid vasculature and lens anomalies following overexpression of VEGF-A188 from the αA-crystallin promoter
2007
Purpose During growth of the embryonic eye, dose- and site-specific expression of heparin-binding growth factors is critical for the formation of an appropriate vascular supply. Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A188 (VEGF-A188), a strongly heparin-binding, endothelial-specific mitogen, leads to severe disturbance of vascular and overall ocular morphology. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of VEGF-A188 overexpression on growth of ocular tissue components. Methods Stereological and immunohistochemical methods were employed to identify the vascular profiles, ocular tissue proportions, and cell types in VEGF-A188 transgenic mice and compare them with wild-type mice. R…
The influence of adult worm age and definitive host on the transmission of Echinostoma caproni: egg hatchability and miracidial infectivity.
2012
AbstractWe analysed the influence of different ages of Echinostoma caproni adult worms reared in different definitive host-species on egg hatchability and miracidial infectivity. Eggs obtained from 2-, 4- and 6-week-old adult worms collected from rats, hamsters and mice, hatched miracidia that were used to infect laboratory-reared specimens of Biomphalaria glabrata. Highest egg hatchability was obtained with eggs derived from hamsters and mice. Egg hatchability did not seem to be affected by the age of E. caproni adult worms. Miracidial infectivity was not affected by the definitive host species. However, miracidial infectivity was affected by the age of adult worms when they developed in t…
Anti-inflammatory Function of High-Density Lipoproteins via Autophagy of IκB Kinase
2015
Background & Aims: Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are frequently found decreased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, and because HDL exerts anti-inflammatory activities, we investigated whether HDL and its major protein component apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) modulate mucosal inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The human intestinal epithelial cell line T84 was used as the in vitro model for measuring the effects of HDL on the expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM). Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-responsive promoter activity was studied by …
Mammalian cell metabolomics: Experimental design and sample preparation
2013
Metabolomics represents the global assessment of metabolites in a biological sample and reports the closest information to the phenotype of the biological system under study. Mammalian cell metabolomics has emerged as a promising tool with potential applications in many biotechnology and research areas. Metabolomics workflow includes experimental design, sampling, sample processing, metabolite analysis, and data processing. Given their influence on metabolite content and biological interpretation of data, a good experimental design and the appropriate choice of a sample processing method are prerequisites for success in any metabolomic study. The use of mammalian cells in the metabolomics f…
Abnormalities caused by chloroform and ether in the spermatogenesis of mammals [Chloroforma un ētera radītie traucējumi zīdītāju spermatogenezē]
1937
Teksts angļu valodā, kopsavilkums latviešu valodā.
Zinc isotopes in Late Pleistocene fossil teeth from a Southeast Asian cave setting preserve paleodietary information
2020
Significance Dietary habits, especially meat consumption, represent a key aspect in the behavior and evolution of fossil hominin species. Here, we explore zinc (Zn) isotope ratios in tooth enamel of fossil mammals. We show discrimination between different trophic levels and demonstrate that Zn isotopes could prove useful in paleodietary studies of fossil hominin, or other mammalian species, to assess their consumption of animal versus plant resources. We also demonstrate the high preservation potential of pristine diet-related Zn isotope ratios, even under tropical conditions with poor collagen preservation, such as the studied depositional context in Southeast Asia. However, assessing the …
Regulation of the alpha-secretase ADAM10 by its prodomain and proprotein convertases.
2001
SPECIFIC AIMSTo identify the proprotein convertases responsible for maturation of the α-secretase ADAM10, we investigated the influence of PC7 and furin on ADAM10 processing and the resulting effect on amyloid precursor protein cleavage. We also examined the functional role of the ADAM10 prodomain by coexpression of a prodomain-deleted ADAM10 mutant together with its prodomain in trans.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS1. ADAM10 is proteolytically processed by PC7 and furinThe disintegrin metalloproteinase ADAM10 possesses α-secretase activity as well as a potential proprotein convertase recognition sequence (RKKR) after its prodomain. By amino-terminal sequencing of ADAM10 purified from bovine kidney plas…