Search results for "maximum"

Optimization of dual-core and microstructure fiber geometries for dispersion compensation and large mode area

2009

We investigate dual concentric core and microstructure fiber geometries for dispersion compensation. Dispersion values as large as -59 000 ps/(nm km) are achieved, over a broad wavelength range with full width at half maximum exceeding 100 nm. The trade-off between large dispersion and mode area is studied. Geometries with an effective mode area of 30 microm2 and dispersion -19 000 ps/(nm km) and 80 microm2 with -1600 ps/(nm km) are proposed.

Novel Isolated Multiple-Input Buck-Boost DC-DC Converter for Renewable Energy Sources

2021

An isolated multiple input dc-dc converter (MIC) with unidirectional buck-boost characteristics and simultaneous power transfer is proposed for multi-sources in renewable energy systems in this paper. When compared to existing isolated MICs, the proposed MIC significantly reduces the component count and control complexity since it requires a fixed coupled inductor with only one primary and secondary winding each for any number of inputs and does not require any phase-shifted pulse-width modulation. The operation of the proposed converter for simultaneous power transfer from multiple sources with varying voltages is numerically verified in simulation and validated on OPAL-RT’s OP5700 hardwar…

The origin of Lecithodesmus (Digenea: Campulidae) based on ND3 gene comparison

2000

Species of Lecithodesmus (Campulidae) occur almost exclusively in baleen whales throughout a wide geographical distribution. Other campulids occur only in odontocetes and, secondarily, in pinnipeds and the sea otter. Therefore, the ancestor of Lecithodesmus might have either cospeciated with mysticetes during the early divergence of mysticete and odontocete cetaceans or originated later via host switching. We evaluate both possibilities based on a phylogenetic analysis. The ND3 mitochondrial gene sequence of a species of Lecithodesmus was included in a previous partial molecular phylogeny of the Campulidae. Fasciola hepatica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum were used as outgroups. Maximum parsi…

Phylogenetic relationships of the family Campulidae (Trematoda) based on 18S rRNA sequences

1998

Traditionally, the family Campulidae has been associated either with the family Fasciolidae, parasites of ruminants, or the Acanthocolpidae, parasites of fishes, based on morphological similarities. Since morphology does not seem to resolve clearly the problem of the relationships of campulids, we have used the sequences of the 18S rRNA gene of the campulids Zalophotrema hepaticum, Campula oblonga and Nasitrema globicephalae, the fasciolid Fasciola hepatica, the acanthocolpid Stephanostomum baccatum and the outgroup Schistosoma mansoni to infer a phylogeny. Maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining methods were applied. Both methods indicated that campulids are closer to acanthocolpids than f…

Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria

2013

We describe a deep-branching lineage of marine Actinobacteria with very low GC content (33%) and the smallest free living cells described yet (cell volume ca. 0.013 μm(3)), even smaller than the cosmopolitan marine photoheterotroph, 'Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique'. These microbes are highly related to 16S rRNA sequences retrieved by PCR from the Pacific and Atlantic oceans 20 years ago. Metagenomic fosmids allowed a virtual genome reconstruction that also indicated very small genomes below 1 Mb. A new kind of rhodopsin was detected indicating a photoheterotrophic lifestyle. They are estimated to be ~4% of the total numbers of cells found at the site studied (the Mediterranean deep chloroph…

Il mutuo fondiario e la violazione del limite di importo massimo finanziabile: “scotismo” e onnipotenza delle etichette

2023

Il commento analizza una sentenza della Sezioni Unite e affronta il tema delle conseguenze civilistiche dell’erogazione di un mutuo fondiario in misura superiore rispetto al limite di importo massimo finanziabile, stabilito dalla Banca d’Italia in forza dell’art. 38, comma 2, T.U.B. La pronuncia si presenta di grande interesse perché correttamente esclude che il superamento di tale limite possa comportare la nullità del contratto di finanziamento, pervenendo a conclusioni in larga parte condivisibili tanto sui presupposti quanto sulle caratteristiche della nullità per violazione di norme imperative. Non altrettanto fondata si rivela, invece, l’ulteriore conclusione contraria al riconoscimen…

The arid–humid transition in the Sahara and the Sahel during the last deglaciation

1990

At the time of the Last Glacial Maximum, the Sahara and Sahel regions of North Africa were extremely dry. New records of rainfall show that during the subsequent deglaciation, the transition from arid to humid conditions in these regions occurred synchronously in two main steps. Comparison with other records of palaeoclimate in Europe and the North Atlantic Ocean shows that certain common factors controlled changes in ocean and atmosphere dynamics during the deglaciation.

2013

To estimate the body temperature (BT) of seven dinosaurs Gillooly, Alleen, and Charnov (2006) used an equation that predicts BT from the body mass and maximum growth rate (MGR) with the latter preserved in ontogenetic growth trajectories (BT-equation). The results of these authors evidence inertial homeothermy in Dinosauria and suggest that, due to overheating, the maximum body size in Dinosauria was ultimately limited by BT. In this paper, I revisit this hypothesis of Gillooly, Alleen, and Charnov (2006). I first studied whether BTs derived from the BT-equation of today’s crocodiles, birds and mammals are consistent with core temperatures of animals. Second, I applied the BT-equation to a …

Time of emergence of Mediterranean summer maximum temperature.

2016

The time at which the signalof climate change emerges from the noise of natural climate variability is called “time of emergence”. This timeis analyzed here based on summertime mean maximum temperature in the Mediterranean basin for RCP8.5 andRCP4.5 scenarios. This time would be around 2040-50 (2060-70) in the eastern (western) basin. Differencesbetween the optimistic and pessimistic scenarios give a mean shift of around 15 years with the time ofemergence occurring earlier for RCP8.5 scenario.

“SEE, HEAR, REMAIN SILENT AND… BORED” IN THE FIELDWORK OF A PRISON: AN AUTOETHNOGRAFIC STORY

2017

Como modalidad de investigación narrativa, la autoetnografía enfatiza la parte más personal del proceso de investigación. En este artículo, el relato autoetnográfico se utiliza para reflexionar sobre el trabajo de campo de un estudio etnográfico previo desarrollado en el polideportivo de una prisión de máxima seguridad española. Los datos recogidos en aquella ocasión han sido reexaminados ahora para explicitar críticamente los pasos dados. De este modo, se ponen de manifiesto tanto los dilemas éticos enfrentados, las complejas relaciones sociales que el proceso de investigación encerró, así como la falibilidad de las decisiones tomadas.