Search results for "maximum"

showing 10 items of 753 documents

Salt and fat contents influence the microstructure of model cheeses, chewing/swallowing andin vivoaroma release

2013

The effects of the lipid/protein ratio (20/28, 24/24, 28/20) and salt content of model cheeses were investigated simultaneously with respect to chewing behaviour, swallowing events and in vivo aroma release. Chewing parameters were measured by electromyography. Swallowing events were recorded manually. In vivo aroma release was investigated using nose-space on-line atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation-mass spectrometry. The values for chewing activity and time before swallowing were higher with lower lipid/protein ratios and lower salt contents, due to the greater mechanical resistance of the model cheeses. The corresponding microstructure was made up of smaller and more circular fat dr…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaximum intensitybiologyChemistrydigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesSalt (chemistry)General ChemistryMechanical resistancebiology.organism_classificationMicrostructurestomatognathic systemSwallowingIn vivoComposition (visual arts)Food scienceAromaFood ScienceFlavour and Fragrance Journal
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Crystal structure of C-2-benzo-thia-zole-N-methyl-nitrone.

2015

The molecule of the title compound {systematic name:N-[(benzothiazol-2-yl)methylidene]methylamineN-oxide}, C9H8N2OS, is close to planar [maximum deviation from the mean plane = 0.081 (2) Å], its conformation being stabilized by a strong intramolecular attractive S...O interaction [2.6977 (16) Å]. In the crystal, molecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by pairs of weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds.

chemistry.chemical_classificationnitronecrystal structureCrystallographyHydrogen bondS...O attractive interactionMaximum deviationbenzo­thia­zolebenzothiazoleGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsBioinformaticsData ReportsS⋯O attractive inter­actionNitroneCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryBenzothiazoleQD901-999General Materials ScienceActa crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications
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Über den einfluß des lösungsmittels beim thermischen zerfall des azoisobuttersäuredinitrils

1967

Der Zerfall des Azoisobuttersauredinitrils wurde in 10 verschiedenen Losungsmitteln kinetisch untersucht. Er ist streng eine Reaktion erster Ordnung. Die Zerfallsgeschwindigkeit ist in den einzelnen Losungsmitteln verschieden. Der maximale Unterschied betragt bei 60°C 40% (Malonsaurediathylester/Cyclohexanol), entsprechend einer Differenz der Freien Enthalpie des Ubergangszustandes von 250 cal/Mol. Die starkeren Anderungen der Aktivierungsenthalpie bis zu 1,5 kcal/Mol werden durch entsprechende Anderungen der Entropie des Ubergangszustandes kompensiert. The thermal decomposition of azo-bis-isobutyronitrile in a series of 10 solvents was investigated. The reaction is strictly of first order.…

chemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryPolymer chemistryMaximum differenceEnthalpyCyclohexanolPhysical chemistryFirst orderDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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Soda-AQ pulping of reed canary grass

2001

Abstract Delignification of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) was carried out by conventional soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulping under varying conditions selected according to an orthogonal experimental design with four factors (cooking parameters) at three levels each L9 (34). The influence of these four parameters, i.e. effective alkali, EA (12, 15, and 18% on oven dried (o.d.) reed, as NaOH), maximum temperature (145, 155, and 165°C), time to maximum temperature (70, 90, and 110 min), and time at maximum temperature (0, 15, and 30 min) on the pulp properties (yield, kappa number, and viscosity) was studied. Results indicated that, with respect to delignification, EA was the most i…

chemistry.chemical_compoundMaximum temperatureCellulose degradationbiologyChemistryBotanyHemicellulosePhalaris arundinaceaKappa numberPulp and paper industrybiology.organism_classificationAgronomy and Crop ScienceCanary grassIndustrial Crops and Products
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2-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-hy-droxy-imino-N'-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl-idene]acetohydrazide.

2012

In the title compound, C14H16N6O2, the dihedral angles formed by the mean plane of the acetohydrazide group [maximum deviation 0.0629 (12) A] with the pyrazole and pyridine rings are 81.62 (6) and 38.38 (4)° respectively. In the crystal, mol­ecules are connected by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds into supra­molecular chains extending parallel to the c-axis direction.

chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryHydrogen bondMaximum deviationPyridineGeneral Materials ScienceGeneral ChemistryDihedral anglePyrazoleCondensed Matter PhysicsBioinformaticsMedicinal chemistryOrganic PapersActa crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online
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Palaeoclimate has a major effect on the diversity of endemic species in the hotspot of mountain biodiversity in Tajikistan.

2021

AbstractIn a period of ongoing climate changes, identifying drivers of overall and endemic species diversity is a key element in constructing new ecological patterns and determining the main goals of conservation. Such studies are especially crucial if they concern biodiversity hotspot areas. In this study, we explore patterns and drivers of plant endemism (the proportion of endemic plant species to overall plant species richness; PE) in Tajikistan. We used three groups of climatic measures featuring the contemporary and glacial climates as well as climatic changes since the Last Glacial Maximum in the Pleistocene (LGM). To explore relationships between PE and climatic groups, and the most …

conservation biologyMultidisciplinaryConservation biologyScienceQGlobal warmingClimate-change ecologyRBiodiversityClimate changeLast Glacial MaximumBiodiversityBiodiversity hotspotArticleGeographyBiogeographyMedicinePhysical geographySpecies richnessGlacial periodEndemismbiogeographybiodiversityclimate-change ecologyScientific reports
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Search for Cosmic Neutrino Point Sources with Four Year Data of the ANTARES Telescope

2012

In this paper, a time-integrated search for point sources of cosmic neutrinos is presented using the data collected from 2007 to 2010 by the ANTARES neutrino telescope. No statistically significant signal has been found and upper limits on the neutrino flux have been obtained. Assuming an E ¿2 n; spectrum, these flux limits are at 1-10 ¿10¿8 GeV cm¿2 s¿1 for declinations ranging from ¿90° to 40°. Limits for specific models of RX J1713.7¿3946 and Vela X, which include information on the source morphology and spectrum, are also given.

cosmic neutrinosUNIVERSEFluxVela01 natural scienceslaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)lawSIGNALSABSORPTION[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD010303 astronomy & astrophysicsATMOSPHERIC MUONSPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)COSMIC cancer database[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]ASTRONOMYneutrinosastroparticle physicsFísica nuclearNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaREMNANT RX J1713.7-3946Particle physics[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNeutrino telescope[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth SciencesFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2Telescopeneutrinos; cosmic rays; astroparticle physicscosmic rays0103 physical sciencesPoint (geometry)ALGORITHMNeutrinosDETECTORCosmic raysUNDERWATER CHERENKOV NEUTRINO TELESCOPES010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsHIGH-ENERGY PHOTONSSpace and Planetary ScienceFISICA APLICADAAstroparticle physics
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Geometry and feedback classification of low-dimensional non-linear control systems

2006

The purpose of this thesis is the study of the local and global differential geometry of fully nonlinear smooth control systems on two-dimensional smooth manifolds. We are particularly interested in the feedback-invariants of such systems. In a first part we will use the Cartan's moving frame method in order to determine these invariants and we will see that one of the most important feedback-invariants is the control analogue to the Gaussian curvature of a surface. As we will explain it, the control curvature reveals very precious information on the optimal synthesis of time optimal problems. In a second part we will construct some microlocal normal forms for time optimal control systems a…

courbure de contrôlefeedback-equivalenceéquivalence par feedbacksystème de contrôle[MATH] Mathematics [math]control systemPontryagin Maximum Principlecontrol curvatureprincipe du maximum de Pontriaguine
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Dibromido[N-(1-diethylamino-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)-N′-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazol-2-ylidene]palladium(II) dichloromethane monosolvate

2019

In the molecule of the title N,N′-disubstituted imidazol-2-ylidene palladium(II) complex, [PdBr2(C21H24N4O)]·CH2Cl2, the palladium(II) atom adopts a slightly distorted square-planar coordination (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0145 Å), and the five-membered chelate ring is almost planar [maximum displacement = 0.015 (8) Å]. The molecular conformation is enforced by intramolecular C—H...Br hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, complex molecules and dichloromethane molecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by C—H...O and C—H...Br hydrogen bonds.

crystal structureHydrogen bondchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyGeneral MedicineCrystal structure010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRing (chemistry)palladium01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryMethane0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylcsh:QD901-999Chelationlcsh:Crystallography0210 nano-technologyMaximum displacementimidazol-2-ylidenePalladiumIUCrData
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Crystal structure of (E)-pent-2-enoic acid

2015

The molecule of the title compound, C5H8O2, a low-melting α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid, is essentially planar [maximum displacement = 0.0239 (13) Å]. In the crystal, molecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimersviapairs of O—H...O hydrogen bonds.

crystal structurehydrogen bondunsaturated carb­oxy­lic acidHydrogen bondDimerGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureCondensed Matter Physicscomputer.software_genredimerData ReportsCrystallcsh:ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundPlanarchemistrylcsh:QD1-999General Materials ScienceData miningMaximum displacementcomputerunsaturated carboxylic acidActa Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications
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